初中英语大纲Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Thanksalot.
Manythanks.
Thanksfor....
b.Notatall.
That’sallright.
You’rewelcome.
6.祝愿、祝贺和应答 Wishes,congratulationsandresponses
a.Goodluck!
Bestwishestoyou.
Haveanice/goodtime.
Congratulations!
b.Thankyou.
c.HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
Happybirthdaytoyou.
d.Thesametoyou.
7.意愿 Intentions
I’mgoingto....
Iwill....
I’dliketo....
Iwant/hopeto....
8.道歉和应答 Apologiesandresponses
a.I’msorry.（Sorry.）
I’msorryfor/about....
Excuseme.
b.That’sallright.
Itdoesn’tmatter.
That’snothing.
9.遗憾和同情Regretsandsympathy
Whatapity!
Imsorrytohear....
10.邀请和应答 Invitationsandresponses
a.Willyoucometo...?
Wouldyouliketo...?
b.Yes,I’dloveto....
Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou.
c.I’dloveto,but....
11.提供（帮助等）和应答 Offersandresponses
a.CanIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
Here,takethis/my....
Letme...foryou.
Wouldyoulikesome...?
b.Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.
Thankyouforyourhelp.
Yes,please.
c.No,thanks/thankyou.
That’sverykindofyou,but....
12.请求允许和应答 Askingforpermissionandresponses
a.MayI...?
Can/CouldI...?
b.Yes/Certainly.
Yes,doplease.
Ofcourse（youmay）.
That’sOK/allright.
c.I’msorry,but....
You’dbetternot.
13.表示同意和不同意 Expressingagreementanddisagreement
a.Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.
Yes,Ithinkso.
That’strue.
Allright/OK.
That’sagoodidea.
Iagree（withyou）.
b.No,Idon’tthinkso.
I’mafraidnot.
Ireallycan’tagreewithyou.
14.表示肯定和不肯定 Expressingcertaintyanduncertainty
a.I’msure.
I’msure（that）....
b.I’mnotsure.
I’mnotsurewhether/if....
c.Maybe/Perhaps.
15.喜好和厌恶 Likesanddislikes
a.Ilike/love...（verymuch）.
Ilike/loveto....
b.Idon’tlike（to）....
Ihate（to）....
16.谈论天气 Talkingabouttheweather
a.What’stheweatherliketoday?
How’stheweatherin...?
b.It’sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy,etc.
It’sratherwarm/cold/hot/etc.today,isn’tit?
17.购物 Shopping
a.WhatcanIdoforyou?
May/CanIhelpyou?
b.Iwant/I’dlike....
Howmuchisit?
That’stoomuch/expensive,I’mafraid.
That’sfine.I’lltakeit.
Letmehave...kilo/box,etc.
c.Howmany/muchdoyouwant?
Whatcolour/size/kind/doyouwant?
d.Doyouhaveanyotherkind/size/colour,ect.?
18.问路和应答 Askingthewayandresponses
a.Excuseme.Where’sthemen’s/ladies’room?
Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto...?
HowcanIgetto...?
Idon’tknowtheway.
b.Godownthisstreet.
Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.
It’sabout...metresfromhere.
19.问时间或日期和应答 Askingthetimeordateandresponses
a.Whatdayis（it）today?
What’sthedatetoday?
Whattimeisit?
What’sthetime,please?
b.It’sMonday/Tuesday,etc.
It’sJanuary10th.
It’sfiveo’clock/halfpastfive/aquartertofive/fivethirty,etc.
It’stimefor....
20.请求 Requests
a.Can/Couldyou...forme?
Will/Wouldyouplease...?
MayIhave...?
b.Pleasegive/passme....
Pleasewait（here/amoment）.
Pleasewait（for）yourturn.
Pleasestandinline/lineup.
Pleasehurry.
21.劝告和建议 Adviceandsuggestions
a.You’dbetter....
Youshould....
Youneed（to）....
b.Shallwe...?
Let’s....
What/Howabout...?
22.禁止和警告 Prohibitionandwarnings
a.Youcan’t/mustn’t....
Ifyou...,you’ll....
b.Takecare!
Becareful!
23.表示感情 Expressingcertainemotions
a.喜悦 Pleasure,joy
I’mglad/pleased/happyto....
That’snice.
That’swonderful/great.
b.焦虑 Anxiety
What’swrong?
What’sthematter（withyou）?
I’m/He’s/She’sworried.Oh,whatshallI/wedo?
c.惊奇 Surprise
Really?
Oh,dear!
Isthatso?
24.就餐 Takingmeals
a.Whatwouldyouliketohave?
Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?
b.I’dlike....
Wouldyoulikesomemore...?
Helpyourselftosome....
c.Thankyou.I’vehadenough./Justalittle,please.
25.约会 Makingappointments
a.Areyoufreethisafternoon/evening?
Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?
Shallwemeetat4:
30at...?
b.Yes,that’sallright.
Yes,I’llbefreethen.
c.No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButI’llbefree....
d.Allright.Seeyouthen.
26.传递信息 Passingonamessage
a.Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto...?
b....askedmetogiveyouthisnote.
c.Thanksforthemessage.
27.看病 Seeingthedoctor
a.There’ssomethingwrongwith....
I’vegotacough.
Ifeelterrible（bad）.
Idon’tfeelwell.
I’vegotapainhere.
Thisplacehurts.
b.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.
It’snothingserious.
You’llbeallright/wellsoon.
28.求助 Callingforhelp
a.Help!
b.What’sthematter?
29.处理交际中的障碍 Languagedifficulties
Pardon.
Pleasesaythatagain/moreslowly.
Whatdoyoumeanby...?
I’msorryIcan’tfollowyou.
I’msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.
30.常见的标志和说明 Somecommonsignsandinstructions
BUSINESSHOURS FRAGILE
OFFICEHOURS THISSIDEUP
OPEN MENU
CLOSED NOSMOKING
PULL NOPARKING
PUSH NOPHOTOS
ON DANGER!
OFF PLAY
ENTRANCE STOP
EXIT PAUSE
INSTRUCTIONS
语法项目表
（加“＊”号的项目只要求理解）
1.词类：
1）名词2）形容词3）副词4）动词5）代词6）冠词7）数词8）介词9）连词10）感叹词
＊2.构词法：
1）合成法classroom,something,reading-room
2）派生法worker,drawing,quickly,careful,kindness,
cloudy,unhappy
3）转化法hand（n.）—hand（v.）
dry（adj.）—dry（v.）
3.名词
1）可数名词和不可数名词
2）名词的复数
3）专有名词
4）所有格
4.代词
1）人称代词的主格和宾格形式
2）物主代词的形容词与名词性形式
3）反身代词myself,himself,ourselves,etc.
4）指示代词this,that,these,those
5）不定代词some,any,no,etc.
6）疑问代词what,who,whose,which,etc.
5.数词 基数词和序数词
6.介词 词汇表中所列介词的基本用法
7.连词 词汇表中所列连词的基本用法
8.形容词
1）作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法
2）比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级）的基本用法
（1）构成-er,-est;
more,themost
（2）基本句型
as＋原级形式＋as...
notas（so）＋原级形式＋as...
比较级形式＋than...
the＋最高级形式＋...in（of）...
9.副词
1）表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法
2）疑问副词when,where,how
3）比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级）
＊10.冠词 一般用法
11.动词
＊1）动词种类
（1）行为动词或实义动词
1及物动词
2不及物动词
（2）连系动词be,look,turn,get,become,etc.
（3）助动词be,do,have,shall,will,etc.
（4）情态动词can,may,must,need,etc.
2）时态
（1）一般现在时
Igetupatsixo’clockeverymorning.
Hedoesn’tspeakRussian.
Theyareverybusy.
Themoonmovesroundtheearth.
Whenyouseehim,tellhimtocometomyplace.
I’llgotoseeyoutonightifI’mfree.
（2）一般过去时
IwasinGradeOnelastyear.
Igotupatfiveyesterday.
（3）一般将来时
1.shall（will）＋动词原形
Ishall（will）gotoyourschooltomorrowafternoon.
Shewillbeheretomorrow.
2.begoingto＋动词原形
I’mgoingtohelphim.
（4）现在进行时
We’rereadingthetextnow.
They’rewaitingforabus.
（5）现在完成时
Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.
Theyhavelivedherefortenyears.
＊（6）过去进行时
Wewerehavingameetingthistimeyesterday.
TheteacherwastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.
＊（7）过去完成时
WehadlearnedfourEnglishsongsbytheendoflastyear.
ThefilmhadalreadybegunwhenIgottothecinema.
ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceheleftBeijing.
＊（8）过去将来时
Hesaidhewouldgotothecinemathatevening.
BettysaidshewasgoingtovisitherunclenextSunday.
3）被动语态
（1）一般现在时的被动语态
Englishistaughtinthatschool.
（2）一般过去时的被动语态
Thesongwaswrittenbythatworker.
（3）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态
Shemustbesenttohospitalatonce.
4）动词不定式
＊
（1）作主语
Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.
Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.
（2）作宾语
Theybegantoread.
（3）作宾语补足语
Jimaskedmetohelphimwithhislessons.
Weoftenheardhersing.
＊（4）作定语
Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.
（5）作状语
Shewenttoseehergrandmayesterday.
（6）用在how,when,where,what,which等之后
Idon’tknowhowtouseacomputer.
Doyouknowwhentostart?
Hedidn’tknowwhattodonext.
12.句子种类
1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式）
2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）
3）祈使句（肯定式和否定式）
＊4）感叹句
＊13.句子成份
1）主语
Bettylikeshernewbike.
Hegetsupearlyeve
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