新概念英语第二册lesson53.docx

1、新概念英语第二册lesson53Lesson 53 Hot snake【New words and expressions】生词和短语（13） hot adj. 带电的，充电的 fireman n. 消防队员 cause v. 引起； n. 原因 examine v. 检查 accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地 remains n. 尸体，残骸 wire n. 电线 volt n. 伏特（电压单位） power line电力线 solve v. 解决 mystery n. 谜（无法接受地, 解释不了的） snatch v. 抓住 spark n. 电火花 hot adj. 带电的

2、, 充电的 hotter-hottesthot adj. 热的(cold)；hot water; hot weather,炎热的天气 a hot day ； Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁 Hot炎热的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 chilly 寒冷的 cold严寒的带电的, 充电的 辣的。 The papper is very hot. 强烈的 have a hot temper; a hot debate激烈的辩论 get hot on rock music热衷于摇滚 最新的 hot news on sth. Magazine hot from th

3、e press刚出版的杂志Be hot on sb.迷恋某人，爱慕某人 be in hot water 惹上麻烦=get/run into trouble a hot potato 棘手的问题 get hot under the collar勃然大怒 hot-hot-hot麻辣烫；hot-wings辣鸡翅；hot dog热狗 hot-tempered火暴(脾气)的（temper n. 脾气） hot line热线；hot topic热门话题 hot cake热蛋糕 It sells like a hot cake/cakes.表示一个东西的畅销, 热销 fireman n. 消防队员 复合名词

4、：fireplace壁炉；firework烟火；fire-fighter消防队员（尤其护林的)；firehouse消防站hydrant n. 消防栓, 消防龙头 fire extinguisher灭火器（extinguisher n. 熄灭者, 灭火器） extinguishput out灭火 cause v.& n. 引起；原因 v. 引起 cause sth.引起麻烦 Carelessness causes accidents.粗心导致事故 Pride causes failure.骄傲使人失败 cause sb. to do sth. 引起某人做某事, 导致某人做某事 Illness c

5、aused him to lose his temper. (lose ones temper 发火) A cause B=A lead to B=B result from A=A result in B=A bring about B n. 原因，强调事情发生的直接原因(一个) find out the causebecause因为 reason理由，其他各种的理由(很多个) examine v. 检查 仔细观察，调查examine the soil the firefighter examined every inch of the forest. V.诊查。The doctor exa

6、mine the patient ； 考试examine students in english; examiner主考人 examinee应考人 Exam=examinationaccidentally adv. 意外地, 偶然地 (但更趋向于 “偶然”的意思) accidentaccidentalaccidentally 反义词：intentional an accidental death.accident n. 事故 a car accident=a road N.机遇，造化 by chance=by accident=accidentally i found a gold mine

7、by chance.unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地(更趋向于 “意外”的意思) remains (复数形式）n. 尸体, 残骸 remains指 dead body N.剩余物，残余物 the remains of a meal 剩饭 N 遗址 the remains of Yuanmingyuan.Remain v.留下，剩下，遗留。If you take 3 from 5, 2 remains. Whats done is done.木已成舟。 V.保持不变，仍是。 He remains silent.Wire. 电线，金属线 Telephone wires 电话线 wir

8、eless adj.无线的 电报 send a wire 打电报 receive a wire接电报Be on wires=be all on wires 兴奋，坐立不安 under the wires 勉强来得及Volt n.伏特 voltage n.电压，伏特数Power line Power 电力，动力 electric power电力 water power水力 能力 brain power 脑力 the power of hearing 权力，支配力，势力 political power政治权力 Not within ones power=beyond ones power力所不能及

9、 Come to power=come into power 掌权，得势solve v. 解决 Solve a question回答问题 solve a problem解决问题 solve a crime破案 solve the mystery 揭开谜底We must solve the economic crisis.经济危机Solution n.解决，解答 a solution for a trouble=a solution to trouble 纷争的解决Mystery 神秘的事物，不可解释的事物；秘密The mystery of life 生命的奥秘 an air of myster

10、y神秘的气氛 The murder is wrapped in mystery.那件谋杀案笼罩着神秘的气氛Riddle 谜语，谜一般的东西或者人Puzzle 难题，用以测试人的知识、智力、技巧等snatch v. 抓住 ，抢，夺（迅速而有力地粗鲁地抓住，强调动作的突然性抢） snatch a chance 抓住机会 snatch up 抓起来 v.(趁机）迅速取得，急急忙忙吃晚饭 snatch a sleep on a busy day snatch a kiss 出其不意地catch v. 抓，如抓鱼 Grab 抓，抢，抢夺（热情而拼命地抓住） grab sth. from sb. Grab

11、 sth from sth.Grasp v.抓住或咬住，抓紧 grasp a chance v.掌握 grasp a language掌握一门语言hold v. 握着 take hold of=catch hold of=get hold of 抓住seize v. 抓住(用力) seize my arm Spark n.火花，火星，电火花 a shower of spark如阵雨般的火花A bright spark 活泼而聪明的年轻人 a bright apple =a wise apple 骄傲的年轻人【Text】 At last firemen have put out a big fo

12、rest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were

13、 also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was

14、 simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. 参考译文消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火. 从那时起, 他们一直试图找出起火的原因. 森林火灾时常

15、由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起. 昨天, 消防队员仔细查看了地面, 但未能发现碎玻璃. 他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的. 然而今天上午, 一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因. 他发现了缠绕在 16, 000伏高压线上的一条死蛇. 就这样, 他解开了起火之谜. 解释很简单, 却异乎寻常. 一只鸟把蛇从地上抓起来, 然后把它扔到了电线上. 于是蛇就缠住了几根电线. 当它这样做时, 把火花送到了地面, 这些火花立刻引起了一场大火.【课文讲解】 1、Hot snake hot snake触电的蛇 get a electric shock触电 2、At last firemen have p

16、ut out a big forest fire in California. California,又名Golden State黄金州at last最后，终于 put out a fire扑灭火（put out扑灭，熄灭，关掉） Please put the light/fire out. a fire一场(堆)火 3、Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. 宾语从句since then从那时起，到现在为止 find out（经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出（这里 find out的宾语是个从句）

17、Ill try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday. 4、Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. broken glass被打碎的玻璃片 a broken heart失意 a broken promise 爽约 a broken home 破裂的家庭 cigarette ends烟头 come to an end 结束，完毕。 The me

18、eting came to an end at mid night.Make both ends meet 量入为出,使收支相抵Throw away 扔掉 throw to 向扔过去 throw at 向砸过去(不友好） throw at the window5、They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. be able to 能够；be not able to 没有能够 be sure that对很有把握；quite sure相当的把握性 rather adv. 相当 fairly adv. 相

19、当, 公正地, 诚实地 quite(completely)ratherfairly程度一个比一个轻 quite a few颇有几个(相当多的) quite 事实上，非常 it was quite a bargain. 颇为，相当地 she is a quite good actress.start a firecause a fire（start vt. 使发生，引起） Start in doing sth.=start on doing sth.着手做某事 Start to do sth=start doing sth.开始做某事6、This morning, however, a fire

20、men accidentally discovered the cause. accidentally =by chance偶然地 discover本身含有偶然发现（某个已经存在的东西）的含义 I dont know who discovered America. Cause 和reason 都既可以作名词有可以作动词 Cause 表示某事发生的直接原因，即起因 vt .导致，引起 reason 指解释某事为什么发生的理由或借口，不一定是起因，多用于人的行为 vt/vi.评理，劝说 （常与 with,into,out of连用） i reasoned with him for hours.劝说

21、某人 Reason sb into doing sth.=talk sb into doing sth 劝说某人做某事 Out of (doing) sth.= out of (doing) sth.7、He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. notice注意别人没注意的东西 定语从句the remains表示“尸体，残骸”，必须用复数形式： The villagers were surprised to see the rem

22、ains of an aeroplane near the lake. 16,000-volt power line连字符“-”一旦加在两个词之间, 这个词之间就失去了加复数的资格, 能够加连字符的概念一定是做定语 wind vt. 缠绕，卷在上；盘旋，蜿蜒 vt. 缠绕，卷在上（常与 around/round连用） wind the clock 给闹钟上弦 Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree vt. 蜿蜒，盘旋 wind ones way蜿蜒而行 8、In this way, he was able to solve the myst

23、ery. in this way就这样 solve the mystery揭开谜底9、A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. had done先发生的事 Snatch up sth from the ground 从地上抓起来drop无意掉下去的 Drop vt/vi Fall 不及物 the book fell from the table to the floor. Prices fell = prices dropped价格跌下去10、When it did

24、 so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. do so这么做 I refuse to do so.我拒绝这么做 so常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，以免重复 I think/believe so. 【Key structures】一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用，过去某个时间发生的某个动作或处于的状态现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时不需要时间状语，过去某一动作对现在的影响。而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一

25、段时间的状语连用，有时与 all+表示时间的名词连用。现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词（表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词）也可以用行为动词，现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。一直进行着，一直发生着Have put; have been trying ; examined; were not; were 【Special Difficulties】 Throw to，Throw at and Throw away throw作及物动词主要含义为“投，掷，抛，扔”。 throw to (sb.)扔给（某人） He threw the ball to me and I caught

26、 it.throw at对准某一目标扔 The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it. throw away 扔掉，丢弃 Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly. Cause and Reason cause n. 原因，起因； Do you know the cause of the war What was the cause of the delay v. 使产生/发生，引起 cause sth.导致, 引起 What caused the accident cause sb.

27、to do sth.导致某人做某事 reason n. 理由，原因 Give me your reasons for going there. 作“原因”讲时， reason与 cause可以互换，但 reason与介词 for连用；而 cause则与介词 of连用。 reason后面通常跟 why引导的从句： That was the reason why the meeting was put off. v. 推理，劝导，说服 reason with sb. 劝说(以道理) How can you reason with him when he is so worried Drop and

28、 Fall drop vi.&vt. （使）掉下，（使）落下，放下（强调的是不小心掉下来） As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it. The waiter dropped a fork. fall vi. 落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒（强调的是掉下来的概念, 动作） I fell and hurt myself. Lesson 531. c 根据课文第二行 they have been trying to find out how the fire began 可以判断出只有c. wanted to find out wh

29、at had caused the fire 最能说明消防队员仔细查看地面的原因，其他3个选择都不够全面。2. d 根据课文第10-12行A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires When it I did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire 可以判断只有d. a snake which had been dropped on to the wires b

30、y a bird 与课文的实际内容相符，只有它是引起火灾的原因，其他3个选择都不符合课文的实际内容。3. a 只有a. since最合乎题目意思和语法。因为本句是现在完成进行时，只有since引导的时间短语最适合于完成进行时态，表示“自从以来”，所以应该选a.其他3个选择都不能引导合适的时间短语。4. c 本句表示时间的词是often, 表示经常性的动作，因此应该用一般现在时。 a. is causing 是进行时，b. has caused 是完成时，d. is caused by 是现在时被动语态，而本句需要主动语态。 只有c. causes 是一般现在时，第3人称单数形式，本句的主语Br

31、oken glass 是单数，所以c.最符合语法，所以选c.5. c a. almost certain(几乎肯定)， b. fairly certain(相当肯定)，c. completely certain(完全肯定)， d. nearly certain(几乎肯定)4个选择中只有c. 同前一句中的quite sure(十分确信)意义最接近，所以选c.6. c 只有c. succeeded in solving it (成功解决了它)同前一句中的 was able to solve the mystery (解开了这个谜)的含义相同，所以c.是正确答案。 其他3个选择都与前一句意思不符。7. d 只有d. on是对的,因为它后面的词是the ground,表示在地面上,只能用介词on.其他3个选择都不符合题目意思.The snake had been on the ground.这条蛇在地面上。 注意本句说的是在蛇被抓起之前，它在哪它在地面上。8. c a. controlled it (控制了它)；b. checked it (制止了它); c. extinguished it (扑灭了它