届高考英语一轮复习易错题型专训2阅读理解概括主旨大意类.docx

1、届高考英语一轮复习易错题型专训2阅读理解概括主旨大意类2021届高考英语一轮复习易错题型专训（2）阅读理解-概括主旨大意类1.A machine that takes sweat-laden (浸满汗水的) clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden. The machine makes the clothes turn round quickly, heats them to remove the sweat, and then passes the steam through a kind of s

2、pecial material to make purified water.Since it has been brought into use, its creators say more than 1000 people have drunk others “sweat” in Gothenburg. They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.The device was built for the United Nations child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaig

3、n highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.The machine was designed and built by the engineer Andreas Hammar, known locally for his appearances on TV tech show “Mekatronik”. He said the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part devel

4、oped by a company named HVR.“It uses a technique called membrane distillation (膜蒸馏),” he told the BBC. “We use a special kind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria, salts, clothing fibers and other things out. They have something similar to the International Space Station, but

5、our machine is cheaper to build. The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one persons T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cup-the worlds largest international youth football tournament. Mattias Ronge, chief

6、executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo, said the machine had helped raise awareness for UNICEF, but in reality had its limitations.“People havent produced as much sweat as we hoped right now the weather in Gothenburg is lousy,” Mattias Ronge said. “So weve equipped the machine wit

7、h exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy. Even so, the demand for sweat is greater than the supply. And the machine will never be produced in large numbers, since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills.”1.Which of the following is the disadvantage of the swe

8、at machine?A.The amount of water the machine produces is rather limited.B.It takes too long for the machine to produce water.C.It costs a large amount of money to build the machine.D.The water processed by the machine is not clean enough.2.UNICEF is mentioned in the text to _.A.show how the sweat ma

9、chine works B.show the importance of the United NationsC.explain why the sweat machine was invented D.tell us who invented the sweat machine3.What did Mattias Ronge think of the sweat machine?A.It could only be used in summer. B.It was not worth popularizing.C.It did not work at all. D.The water it

10、produced tasted sweet.4.The text is written mainly to tell us that _.A.780 million people in the world lack access to clean waterB.a machine which turns sweat into drinking water is inventedC.a better solution to purifying dirty water is discoveredD.the pill which turns dirty water into clean water

11、is produced2.Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some

12、 language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In rec

13、ent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and

14、Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. E

15、urope has only around 200 languages; the Americas about1,000; Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people th

16、an that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one,

17、 with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast. B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns D.They were closely connected.2.Which of the following best explains “dominant”

18、 underlined in paragraph 2?A.Complex B.Advanced. C.Powerful D.Modern.3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800 B.About 3,400 C.About 2,400 D.About 1,2004.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in l

19、anguages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.3.It cannot be denied that we all want to succeed, whether it is in losing weight or learning the guitar. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. Why does one person

20、succeed where another person fails? I have made a list of four habits to help set goals and achieve them.Identify your core valuesFinding your core values is in line with creating inner motivation. Sit and reflect on what you value most. Pick a handful of things and actually write them down. Remind

21、yourself of your values every day, and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.Pick a goal and focus on itChoose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of accomplishment, while adjusting well to your core values. Focus is key here. The more foc

22、used you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.If you perform a great many tasks at a time, you might never complete your projects because they will take far too long.Set a deadline for successTo set a date or deadline for success is meaningful and necessary. Identify when you hope

23、to achieve your goal. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time. By setting a time limit, you are making the process more real and planned.Stick to your goal. Failure cant be avoided to some extent when you take risks, by its very definition, the desire to succeed means you are risking f

24、ailure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Dont fall into this trap! Remember your mindset (心态) earlier. Know it will happen. A failure is merely you working out the details, and learning what works and what doesnt. Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and march on!In your lifetime, you ha

25、ve many opportunities to succeed. While in the process you may encounter (遭遇) plenty of failures, but on condition that you stick to the four habits above, you will be absolutely successful sooner or later.1.You would have a better chance to succeed if you _.A.reflect on your goal more B.are more co

26、ncentrated on a goalC.are more eager to succeed D.try your best to avoid failure2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.People are all eager to succeed in life.B.Realizing core values can make inner motivation.C.You are bound to succeed if you follow the four habits.D.failure is sometimes

27、not a bad thing.3.What does the underlined word “it” in the passage refer to?A.detail. B.Failure. C.Goal. D.Success.4.The best title for the passage could be _.A.Four Habits to Help You Succeed B.Make the right decisionC.Failure is the mother of success D.Find the core values of success4.Imagine tha

28、t youre the creator and show runner of the newest comedy show on television. Only it isnt so popular yet, and your live Studio audience isnt giving you the big laughs the show deserves. Do you film the show all over again, hoping that this time the audience will laugh? Or is there another option for

29、 making a joke sound funnier than it was received?Sweeten(改善) the sound by adding a laugh track! “Sweetening,” or the addition of sound effects such as laughs, screams, and other audience-produced noises to the audio track of a TV show, has been used since the 1940s to produce the appearance, or rat

30、her the sound, of an engaged and entertained response to a shows comedy. Laugh tracks came into existence as not only a solution, and sometimes replacement, for an unengaged live audience but also as a way to engage an at-home audience into a more-traditional, public, and theater like experience. Ad

31、ding a laugh track to a television show makes the viewers at home feel much less like theyre sitting on a couch staring at the television screen and much more like theyre in a room full of laughing happy people to varying degrees of success.Though the art of sweetening has risen and fallen in popula

32、rity over the past 60 years, credit for its creation and continued use is owed to laugh-track pioneer and sound engineer Charles Douglass. Douglass was the first to develop, in 1953, a machine for producing “canned laughter”, accessible at the push of a button or pull of a lever (操纵杆). Despite being artificial, sensibly edited laugh tracks are found by television studios to bring about a positive audience response, as their use is usually accompanied by higher ratings and increased audience memory. Thoug