最新大学英语四级考试阅读材料每日一练.docx

1、最新大学英语四级考试阅读材料每日一练大学英语四级考试阅读材料每日一练大学英语四级考试阅读材料每日一练（） Passage 1Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.Before the nineteenth century ,scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between.Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects

2、 of it in his writings ,but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea ,there was little reason to ask many questions about it ,let alone to ask what lay b

3、eneath the surface. The first time that the question ”what is at the bottom of the oceans? ”had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length

4、 of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic

5、 and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was fou

6、nd to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted four years and brought home thousands of samples from

7、 the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.1、 The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on _C_.A) an academic aspect B) a military aspect C) a bu

8、siness aspect D) an international aspect2、 It was _D_that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.A) the American Navy B) some early intercontinental travelers C) those who earned a living from the sea D) the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable3、 The aim of the voyages Maury was re

9、sponsible for in the 1840 was_D_A) to make some sounding experiments in the oceans B) to collect sample of sea plants and animalsC) to estimate the length of cable that was neededD) to measure the depths of the two oceans4、”Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “_C_”A) doubted B) gave proof to

10、 C) challenged D) agreed to 5、 This passage is mainly about_A_A) the beginnings of oceanography B) the laying of the first undersea cableB) the investigation of ocean depths D) the early intercontinental communicationsPassage 1 (The original text translating )海洋学的定义是“应用所有的科学来研究海洋”世纪以前，极少有科学家对研究海洋感兴趣

11、，当然，牛顿在他的作品中对海洋做了一些理论方面的探讨，但他并不情愿自己去海边作进一步的研究。对大多数人来说，海洋是遥远的，除了早期穿越洲际的旅行家们以及依靠海洋维持生计的人，几乎找不出理由要提出关于海洋的问题，更不会问海洋表面下还有些什么东西。人们第一次必须回答“海洋底部是什么？”（）这个问题是有商业上的后果的，当时有人提议要铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的电报缆线。工程师们必须了解路线的纵深起伏形状，才可以估计需要制造多长的电缆。（）由于美国海军的莫里（Maury），大西洋电报公司才在年得到了这方面的信息。世纪年代，（）莫里负责推动进行测探工作的海上航行，以此来调查北大西洋与太平洋的深度。此后，他出了

12、一本叫做海洋的自然地貌的书，在这本书里他提到的一些发现激起了人们很大的兴趣。人们铺设了电缆，但直到年，才有了固定而且可靠的连接。在早期的努力中，电缆坏了，而当它被拉出来维修时，人们发现其表面覆盖着（）活的生物。这一事实挑战了当时的一种科学观点，即海洋较深层是不存在生命的。海洋学在此后几年内发展起来。年，汤姆森（Thomson），带头进行了一项科学考察，历时年，从海洋带回了数以千计的标本。科学家们花了数年时间将它们分类并进行分析，写出了一个长达五卷的报告，其中最后一卷于年出版。、 从欧洲到美洲铺设电报缆线的提议使得海洋学研究是从_出发的）学术角度）军事角度）商业角度）国际角度、 向莫里要求得到海

13、洋学研究方面帮助的是_）美国海军）一些早期的穿越大洲的旅行家）依靠海洋维持生计的人）提议铺设一条海底电缆的公司、 世纪年代，莫里负责的海上航行的目的是要_）在海上进行测探实验）收集海洋动植物的标本）估测所需电缆的长度）测量两个海洋的深度、 第五段的“ field ”一词可能的意思是_）置疑）证明）挑战）同意、 这一段文章主要是关于_）海洋学的起步）第一条海底电缆的铺设）对海洋深度的研究）早期的洲际交流大学英语四级考试阅读材料每日一练（） Passage 2 Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order t

14、o graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree, In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while at

15、tending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student. Would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to

16、move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For very course that the follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a con

17、stant pressure and strain of work , but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic

18、authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating his to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is

19、 much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.6、Normally a student would at least attend _B_classes each week.A） 36 B） 12 C） 20 D） 157、According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed_B_A） to live in a different universityB） to take a particular course in a diff

20、erent universityC） to live a home and drive to classesD） to get two degrees from two different universities8、America university students are usually under pressure of work because_A_A） their academic performance will affect their future careersB） they are heavily involved in student affairsC） they h

21、ave to observe university disciplineD） they want to run for positions of authority9、Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because_C_A） they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study B） they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC） such

22、positions help them get better jobsD） such positions are usually well paid10、The student organizations seem to be effective in _B_A） dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB） ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC） evaluating students performance by bringing them befo

23、re a courtD） keeping up the students enthusiasm for social activitiesPassage 2通常，一名学生必须参加一定数量的课程学习才可以毕业，他上的每一门课都会得到学分，这些学分累加起来，才能拿到学位。在许多美国大学里，要拿到学位就得上门课，每门课要上一个学期。（）一门典型的课程是每个星期上节课，共上个星期；而一名大学生可能（）每学期要学习到门课程。通常每个学生都应该上年学，每年两个学期。有可能要花超过年的时间才能拿到学位，（）也有可能一个学生在攻读学位时在两所不同的大学上课，然而，这实际上并不常见。学生上的每一门课都会有一个分

24、数，分数是有记录的，（）学生可以把他的分数记录给未来的雇主看。这些为学生施加了学习上长期的压力和负担。但尽管如此，有些学生还是能挤出时间来积极参与学生活动。竞选学生组织中的职位能够激发很大的热情。（）遵守纪律的有效承诺通常是由向校方提议的学生们来执行的。任何被认为违反了规定的学生，比如说，考试作弊的学生，必须在学生法庭上受审。学生数目众多，则这一体系在动作时就会涉及到为数不少的学生活动。（）在其中担任过领导职位的学生就会很受人尊敬，对他将来的事业也很有利。、通常一名学生每星期要上至少_节课。A）B）C）D）、根据本文第一段，美国学生可以_A）住在不同的大学里B）在另一所大学上某一门特定的课程C

25、）住在家里，开车去上课D）从两所大学得到两个学位、美国大学生通常都会感到学习的压力，因为_A） 他们在学术上的表现会影响他们未来的工作）他们过多地参与学生活动B） 他们必须遵守学校纪律）他们想争取领导职位、有些学生热衷于学生组织中的职位可能是因为_A）他们痛恨学习上长期的压力和负担B）这样他们要吧在学校待得长一些C）这种职位有助于他们找到较好的工作D）这种职位通常报酬优厚、学生组织似乎在_方面卓有成效。A）处理学校的学术活动B）确保学生遵守校纪C）通过学生法庭的审判衡量学生们的表现D）保持学生们对社会活动的热情大学英语四级阅读材料每日一练（） Passage 3Do you find gett

26、ing up in the morning so difficult that its painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr.Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre “hot”. Thats true. The time of day when you feel m

27、ost energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: “Get up, John! Youll be late for work again!” T

28、he possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to

29、make you life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr.Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning, but you have an important job to do

30、early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. A

31、 void the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.11.If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably_D_A) he is a lazy person B) he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC) he is