建筑工程专业外文翻译门禁监管系统.docx

1、建筑工程专业外文翻译门禁监管系统外文原文：The Access control system Access control system is widely used in recent years and it is one of the high-tech and safety equipment , has become one of the intelligent signs of modern architecture. Access control , the export and the entrance control system, is to control the exp

2、ort and entrance channel system. Access control system is developed on the basis of the traditional locks (Entrance Guard/Access Control in English).Access control is, in reality, an everydayphenomenon. A lock on acardoor is essentially a form of access control. APINon anATMsystem at a bank is anoth

3、er means of access control. Bouncers standing in front of anight clubis perhaps a more primitive mode of access control (given the evident lack ofinformation technologyinvolved). The possession of access control is of prime importance when persons seek to secure important, confidential, or sensitive

4、 information and equipment .Item control orelectronic key managementis an area within (and possibly integrated with) an access control system which concerns the managing of possession and location of small assets or physical (mechanical) keys.Physical access by a personmay be allowed depending on pa

5、yment, authorization, etc. Also there may beone-way traffic of people. These can be enforced by personnel such as aborder guard, adoorman, aticketchecker, etc., or with a device such as aturnstile. There may befencesto avoid circumventing this access control. An alternative of access control in the

6、strict sense (physically controlling access itself) is a system of checking authorized presence, see e.g. Ticket controller (transportation). A variant is exit control, e.g. of a shop (checkout) or a country. Inphysical security, the term access control refers to the practice of restricting entrance

7、 to a property, a building, or a room toauthorizedpersons. Physical access control can be achieved by a human (a guard, bouncer, or receptionist), through mechanical means such as locks and keys, or through technological means such as access control systems like theAccess control vestibule. Within t

8、hese environments , physical key managementmay also be employed as a means of further managing and monitoring access to mechanically keyed areas or access to certain small assets . Physical access control is a matter of who , where, and when. An access control system determines who is allowed to ent

9、er or exit, where they are allowed to exit or enter, and when they are allowed to enter or exit. Historically this was partially accomplished through keys and locks. When a door is locked only someone with a key can enter through the door depending on how the lock is configured. Mechanical locks and

10、 keys do not allow restriction of the key holder to specific times or dates. Mechanical locks and keys do not provide records of the key used on any specific door and the keys can be easily copied or transferred to an unauthorized person. When a mechanical key is lost or the key holder is no longer

11、authorized to use the protected area, the locks must be re-keyed. Electronic access control uses computers to solve the limitations of mechanical locks and keys. A wide range of credentialscan be used to replace mechanical keys. The electronic access control system grants access based on the credent

12、ial presented. When access is granted, the door is unlocked for a predetermined time and the transaction is recorded. When access is refused, the door remains locked and the attempted access is recorded. The system will also monitor the door and alarm if the door is forced open or held open too long

13、 after being unlocked.When a credential is presented to a reader, the reader sends the credentials information, usually a number, to a control panel, a highly reliable processor. The control panel compares the credentials number to an access control list, grants or denies the presented request, and

14、sends a transaction log to a database. When access is denied based on the access control list, the door remains locked. If there is a match between the credential and the access control list, the control panel operates a relay that in turn unlocks the door. The control panel also ignores a door open

15、 signal to prevent an alarm. Often the reader provides feedback, such as a flashing red LED for an access denied and a flashing green LED for an access granted .The above description illustrates a single factor transaction. Credentials can be passed around, thus subverting the access control list. F

16、or example, Alice has access rights to theserver roombut Bob does not. Alice either gives Bob her credential or Bob takes it; he now has access to the server room. To prevent this,two-factor authenticationcan be used. In a two factor transaction, the presented credential and a second factor are need

17、ed for access to be granted; another factor can be a PIN, a second credential, operator intervention, or a biometric input.There are three types (factors) of authenticating information :something the user knows, ega password, pass-phrase or PINsomething the user has, such as smart cardsomething the

18、user is, such as fingerprint, verified by biometric measurement.Passwords are a common means of verifying a users identity before access is given to information systems. In addition, a fourth factor of authentication is now recognized: someone you know, where another person who knows you can provide

19、 a human element of authentication in situations where systems have been set up to allow for such scenarios. For example, a user may have their password, but have forgotten their smart card. In such a scenario, if the user is known to designated cohorts, the cohorts may provide their smart card and

20、password in combination with the extant factor of the user in question and thus provide two factors for the user with missing credential, and three factors overall to allow access. Now, as peoples living standards improve and technology advances, more and more local needs of access control system su

21、ch as residential entrance, garage entrance, the entrance and other public places. Many different types of access control system; because it has different characteristics, so do not use the place, IC card access control system because of its higher security, better convenience and cost-effective acc

22、ess control system into the mainstream. IC card technology is currently widely used in various industries, particularly public transport, wireless communications, identification, financial transactions and security and defense industries. Access control system through the import and export control,

23、limiting staff and vehicles entering controlled areas, to ensure that controlled regional security. This study focuses on the underground garage access control system, which the requirements of the access control system with a clear direction, this design refers to radio frequency technology, the us

24、e of computer control of the IC card reader for reading and writing. ACCESS database software used to implement software system database services; using Visual Basic6.0 to design software with which the various common controls designed to log basic information, equipment management, card management,

25、 query management, system management a window Body. The IC access control system software with easy to use, simple features, the operator does not need a professional computer operating level.CredentialA credential is a physical/tangible object, a piece of knowledge, or a facet of a persons physical

26、 being, that enables an individual access to a given physical facility or computer-based information system. Typically, credentials can be something you know (such as number or PIN), something you have (such as anaccess badge), something you are (such as a biometric feature) or some combination of t

27、hese items. The typical credential is an access card, key fob, or other key. There are many card technologies including magnetic stripe, bar code, Wiegand , 125kHz proximity, 26 bit card-swipe, contact smart cards, andcontactless smart cards. Also available are key-fobs which are more compact than I

28、D cards and attach to a key ring. Typical biometric technologies include fingerprint, facial recognition, iris recognition, retinal scan, voice, and hand geometry.Access control system componentsAn access control point, which can be adoor, turnstile, parking gate, elevator, or other physical barrier

29、 where granting access can be electronically controlled. Typically the access point is a door. An electronic access control door can contain several elements. At its most basic there is a stand-alone electric lock. The lock is unlocked by an operator with a switch. To automate this, operator interve

30、ntion is replaced by a reader. The reader could be a keypad where a code is entered, it could be acard reader, or it could be a biometric reader. Readers do not usually make an access decision but send a card number to an access control panel that verifies the number against an access list. To monit

31、or the door position a magnetic door switch is used. In concept the door switch is not unlike those on refrigerators or car doors. Generally only entry is controlled and exit is uncontrolled. In cases where exit is also controlled a second reader is used on the opposite side of the door. In cases wh

32、ere exit is not controlled, free exit, a device called a request-to-exit (RTE) is used. Request-to-exit devices can be a pushbutton or a motion detector. When the button is pushed or the motion detector detects motion at the door, the door alarm is temporarily ignored while the door is opened. Exiti

33、ng a door without having to electrically unlock the door is called mechanical free egress. This is an important safety feature. In cases where the lock must be electrically unlocked on exit, the request-to-exit device also unlocks the door.Access control topologyAccess control decisions are made by comparing t