高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版必修3.docx

1、高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版必修3核心词汇梳理并重点训练必修 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the worldaward, admire, apologize, remind, in memory of, hold on, turn up, It + be + adj. / n. = that/ to do1. award vt. 颁奖，授奖，给予 n. 奖，奖品，奖状awardvt. 授予，颁发，判给be awarded for 因而受奖award sb sth 颁发给某人某物n. 奖品，赠品，与prize近义rewardvt. 报答，酬谢，可以用于比喻意义r

2、eward sb with sth 用酬谢某人n. 赏金，酬金，回报 eg: The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award.Students who complete the course successfully will be awarded a diploma.Everyone who reached the summit was rewarded with a magnificent.The prize was a just reward for all his hard work.2. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕

3、admire sb for sth 因某事而钦佩某人in admiration of 对表示钦佩with / in admiration 钦佩他express / have admiration for sb （表示）钦佩某人admirable adj. 可钦佩的；极佳的admiring adj. 羡慕的；赞美的admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕eg: I have to admire Wang Nan for her persistence.I am filled with admiration for his courage.= I have admiration for his co

4、urage.He gave me an admiring look.3. apologize vi. 道歉apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉apologize to sb + that 向某人道歉make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉accept / refuse ones apology 接受 / 拒绝某人的道歉eg: I must apologize for not being able to meet you.I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.

5、= I made an apology to her stepping on her foot.He is too stubborn to accept others apology.4. remind vt. 提醒；使想起remind sb of / about sth 提醒某人某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事remind (sb) + that / how / what提醒eg: This story reminds me of my childhood.She reminded me that we had in fact met before at a con

6、ference in Beijing.Remind Jenny to bring her laptop when she comes.I need the plans to remind me what to do.辨析remind / recall：remind“提醒，使想起”，指在外力的作用下回响起某事或指有意识地使某人牢记某事。如This reminds me of what we did together during our holidays.recall“回忆，使回忆”，侧重有意识地回忆起过去的事情。如Dick recalls having been in Paris to stu

7、dy music when he was a child.5. in memory of 纪念；追念to the memory of = in memory of 为了纪念have a good / bad memory for sth 善于/不善于记bring back good memories 引起对美好往事的回忆within sbs memory 就某人记忆所及in favor of 支持，赞同，对某人有利in face of 面临，面对in honour of 为纪念；祝贺；为了向表示敬意in need of 需要in place of 代替in case of 万一in charg

8、e of 负责；掌管in search of 寻找eg: He wrote a poem to the memory of / in memory of those who died in Sichuan Earthquake.Not everyone has a good memory for English words.In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.6. hold on 别挂电话hold back 踌躇；阻止；抑制hold on to 抓住不放手；保住，守住hold up 使耽搁；使停顿；支撑hold out 坚持；顶住eg: She held

9、back, not knowing what to do or say.I made my choice and I will hold on to the end.Could you hold out in spite of the difficulty?A lot of cars were held up in the accident.7. turn up 出现，到场；调高turn down 关小；调低；拒绝turn off 关上；转弯turn out 生产，制造；结果是；赶走turn over 翻转；交付；反复考虑turn to 求助于；转向turn around 回转turn aga

10、inst 背叛；反抗turn in 上交；欺骗turn on 打开；转开turn away 不准入内；走开eg: There is no need to bookjust turn up on the night.Dont turn the TV upIm trying to read.You may turn over your exam paper now.Im sure it will turn out well in the end.8. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially

11、 during the cold winter months.本句to find动词不定式的主动形式表被动。不定式在某些形容词(difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, fit, unfit, light, heavy, good, safe, dangerous, interesting等)后作状语且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动含义。不定式若为不及物动词，后面要带有介词。eg: Tom is an easy-going person while his brother is hard to get alon

12、g with.We found English hard to learn.The problem is difficult to deal with.9. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leaveit作形式主语，可以代替不定式、动名词、从句，置于句首，无意义，使句式结构更平衡。常见句型有：It is important (easy, hard, difficult, possible, necessary) for sb to do sth.It is a pity

13、(a shame, a pleasure, ones duty, bad manners) for sb to do sth.It is kind (nice, wise, brave, silly, polite, friendly) of sb to do sth.Its a pity (a shame, a fact, a wonder) thatIt is strange (obvious, true, good, possible, likely, clear) thatIt seems (happens, turns out, occurs to me) thatIt is sai

14、d (reported, decided, expected) thateg: Its important for us to set a goal and achieve it with hard work.It is our duty to protect our environment.Its a wonder that he is still alive.It is estimated that 5 companies have suffered heavy losses in the incident.练习：1. Such noble deeds of the doctors and

15、 nurses cant be only with money. A. rewarded B. awarded C. praised D. valued2. We the old scientist his contribution the country. A. admire; for; to B. admire; at; to C. respect; on; for D. respect; on; at3. 你必须因你的粗鲁向她道歉。 4. 有时候接受别人的道歉是明智的和体谅人的。 5. -Please call me at 8:00 tomorrow morning. Im forget

16、ful. -Dont worry about that. Youll be surely . A. reminded B. told C. warned D. informed6. the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year. A. In spite of B. In case of C. In terms of D. In praise of7. This monument was built the little hero. A

17、. in place of B. in search of C. in memory of D. in need of8. You should your old furniture, because it will be used some day. A. hold back B. hold on to C. hold up D. hold out9. Memories of her staying with the host family in China often to the mind of the exchange student. A. come back B. call up

18、C. hold back D. bring up10. Lets not wait any longer. He might not at all. A. turn over B. turn up C. turn on D. turn down11. I have found a room which is comfortable . A. living B. to live C. to be lived in D. to live in12. It is strange that she today. A. will be absent B. is absent C. should be a

19、bsent D. was absentUnit 2 Healthy eatingbalance, lie, limit, benefit, combine, get away with, in debt, have sb doing / do1. balance n. 天平，平衡；结余，余额 v. 平衡，权衡keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡keep / lose ones balance 保持 / 失去平衡off balance 失去平衡的；没有站稳的on balance 总的来说a sense of balance 平衡感balanced adj. 平衡（或显示）平衡的

20、eg: I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.I think on balance I prefer the new education system.Athletes need a good sense of balance.2. lie vi.&n. 说谎；谎话，谎言lie vi.&n. 说谎；谎言 (lied, lied, lying) vi. 躺

21、，处于(某一位置)，在于(lay, lain, lying)tell a lie / tell lies to sb 对某人说谎a white lie 善意的谎言lie to sb 向某人说谎lay vt. (laid, laid, laying)放；搁；下(蛋)，产(卵)eg: He lay on the grass, looking into the sky.West of the lake lies the famous city.Its no wonder that she lied to the court.The man lying there lied that he had l

22、aid the money on the table.3. limit n. 界限；限度 vt. 限制；限定go beyond / over the limit 超过限度within the limits of 在范围内set a limit to sth 对规定限度limitto 把限制在内be limited to sth 受限制于limitation n. 限制；局限eg: Ill help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.I shall limit myself to three aspects of th

23、e subject.Families are limited to four free tickets each.This technique is useful but it has its limitations.4. benefit v. 使受益，得益于 n. 好处，利益，优势benefit from / by 从受益，得益于benefit sb 对某人有益be of (much, great) benefit to sb = be beneficial to sb 对某人有益处 be of no benefit to sb 对某人没有益处for the benefit of 为了的利益

24、辨析benefit / interest / advantage：benefit普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。其复数形式benefits表示“救济金”。interest作“利益”解时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，又可指个人的利益。其作不可数名词时，意为“利息”。advantage指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得利益与好处。5. combine vt.&vi. （使）联合；（使）结合combinewith 把与结合起来combination n. 结合；联合；化合（物）a combination of 一种的结合（物）in combinat

25、ion with 与联合起来辨析combine / unite / connect / join：combine强调通过混合或结合产生一个新产品的过程中每个个体的特性也随之消失，多用于抽象或无形的东西。unite指许多的个体由于共同的目的或性质结合成一个大的集体。connect表示“连接；结合”，指两事物在某些方面有关联，但各自保持自己的特点和独立性，可用于具体事物或抽象概念。join表示“连接；结合”，强调原来是分离的东西，现在连接或联合在一起；还表示“加入；随同”。eg: We cant always combine work with pleasure.A combination of

26、factors led to her decision to resign.Theory should be in combination with practice.6. get away with 被放过，（做坏事）不受惩罚get across = put across (使)被理解，(把)讲清楚get around / round 走动；消息传开get rid of 摆脱；除掉get away (from) (从)脱离，逃离get down to (doing) sth开始认真地做某事get in 插话；收获get out (of) 出去，离开，逃脱，摆脱get hold of 抓住ge

27、t over 爬过；克服(困难)；从中恢复过来get through 完成；花光(时间，钱等)；通过；接通电话eg: For the serious accident, he got away with only a fine.We should get rid of the bad style and keep the good.Hes not very good at getting his ideas across.7. in debt 负债be in heavy debt 负债累累be in debt to sb 欠某人债pay off all the debts 还清债务（动作）be

28、 out of debt 不欠债（状态）get / run into debt 陷入债务eg: In my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair cant have been in heavy debt.Being out of debt makes Tom a light mood.The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay off all their debts.8. Nothing could be better. 表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：never + 比较级nothing

29、 (或no) + so + 原级 + as nothing (或no) + 比较级 + than any other +单数名词 比较级 all (the) other +复数名词 + than + anyone else any of the other +复数名词 the rest of +复数名词或不可数名词eg: I cant think of a better idea.China is large than any country in Africa.-Did you sleep well last night?-Never better, like a log.Nothing i

30、s more precious than health.9. He couldnt have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!have sb doing意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“使某人做某事”时，多用于肯定句中。have sb do让某人做某事have sth done遭遇不幸；让别人做某事；完成某事eg: I cant have you speaking to me like this.The teacher had his students read English every morning for ha

31、lf an hour.The poor old lady had her money stolen on the bus.练习：1. In education there should be a good among the branches of knowledge that contributes to effective thinking and wise judgement. A. distribution B. balance C. combination D. assignment2. There was an oil painting in the corner. It there for several days.