八年级英语unit 9 when was he born知识精讲.docx

1、八年级英语unit 9 when was he born知识精讲初二英语Unit 9 When was he born?【本讲主要内容】 Unit 9 When was he born? 通过本单元的知识学习，我们应达到以下目标： 1. 掌握谈论一些特殊人物情况的用语、句型，when引导的特殊疑问句的一般过去时。 2. 能够以一些名人的照片和简介为材料进行谈论，听说读写全面训练。 3. 通过了解优秀人物的事迹，学习他们的精神，激发同学们学习积极向上，争做为社会贡献的有用人才。【知识掌握】本单元的语言功能是“谈论卓著超常的人”（Talk about exceptional people）。 以谈

2、论话题 “people you admire” 为中心，主要用以谈论在社会生活中成绩卓著超常的著名人物学习和运用被动语态，状语从句等。要求学生掌握以下目标语言： Who is that? Thats She /He is a When was she/ he born? She/ He was born in When did she /he become ? When she/ he was years old, she /he began to learn How long did she/ he ？【知识点精析】 1. take part in/ join这两个词的共同意思时“参加”，

3、其主要区别是：take part in 多指“参加（讨论、辩论或群众性活动）”，如： John takes part in many school activities. 约翰参加很多学校里的活动。 Its very likely that the president will take part in our discussion. 很可能总统会参加我们的讨论。 The students took an active part in the spoken English competition. 同学们积极参加英语口语比赛。Did you take part in that conversa

4、tion?你参与那次谈话了吗？ join表示“去和别人在一起或成为某个团体的一员（参军、入党等） ”，如： He joined the Party in 1927. 他1927年加入中国共产党。 You are too young to join the army. 你年龄太小，还不能参军。 Would you like to join us? 你愿意加入到我们这个行列中来吗？ Can I join the school football team? 我能加入到学校足球队吗？ 2. tooto too+形容词/副词+（for sb.） to do sth.的意思是“对某人说太而不能”，本身表示

5、否定意义。 “ tooto”结构还可以用 “（not ） enoughto do sth”或 “ sothat”改写同义句。 He is too young to go to school. He isnt old enough to go to school. He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小了不能去上学。（他年龄不够大，不能去上学。） He was too angry to say a word. 他太生气了，说不出话来。 He got up too late to catch the early bus. 他起得太晚没能赶上早班车

6、。 The problem is too difficult for me to work out. 这道题太难了，我解不出来。 3. stop “停止”， 后面接动名词作宾语，表示“停止做某事”，即stop doing sth. stop to do sth的意思是停下来去做某事。不定式to do sth 不作stop 的宾语，而是目的状语。 All the students stopped talking when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，所有的学生都停止了说话。 He sopped to think for a while. 他停下来思考了一会儿。 T

7、he girl stopped crying when she saw her mother. 这女孩看到妈妈时停止了哭泣。 He stopped to smoke. 他停下来吸烟。 4. start doingstart to do 开始做某事 start 后面可以跟动名词做宾语，也可以跟不定式做宾语。begin 和start 同义，都有“开始”的意思。 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. 莫扎特四岁的时候开始写音乐。 When did he start to learn English? 他什么时候开始写音乐的？

8、 动名词和动词不定式作start 和begin的宾语，一般情况下可以通用，但有时也有细微的差别。1）当begin和start本身用进行时态时，一般用begin/ start to do.2）当begin和start的主语是表物的名词时， 一般用begin/ start to do sth. He is beginning/ starting to write a letter. 他正要开始写信。 Everything begins to grow in spring. 春天万物复苏。 5. spend 1）“度过，花费”，既可以指花费时间，也可以指花费金钱。其过去式和过去分词都是spent.s

9、pendon “在某方面花了多少钱或时间”。spend（in） doing sth. “做某事花了多少钱或时间”。I spent two yuan on the book. 我花了两元钱买了这本书。He spent two hours on his homework. 他花了两个小时做作业。The writer spent two months （in） writing the book. 这位作家花了两个月的时间写这本书。Dont spend too much time on computer games. 不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。I spent two days （in） finishi

10、ng the work. 我花了两天时间完成这项工作。2）spend表示花费时间时，也可以用take互换。take通常用于句型“It takes sb some time to do sth.”。 spend表示花费金钱时，可以跟pay和cost互换，但是用法不一样。pay通常和介词for搭配，其过去式和过去分词都是paid、cost的主语是物，其过去式和过去分词都是cost。 Jim spent two hours （in） getting there. 吉姆用了两个小时到达那儿。It took Jim two hours to get there.She spent fifty dolla

11、rs on these things. 她花了50美元买这些东西。She paid fifty dollars for these things.These things cost her fifty dollars.3）“ones free time”指某人的空闲时间，也可以说“ones spare time”前面通常加介词 in。What do you often do in your free/ spare time? 你空闲时间做什么？I often do some reading. 我经常读点书。 6. see see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事（表示看见某人经常做或做某事

12、的全过程）。 see sb doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，即当看见的时候，动作正在进行还没有结束。 当sb为代词的时候，须用宾格形式。类似的感观动词还有hear（听见），watch（观看），find（发现），observe（观察）等。Can you hear birds singing in the tree? 你能听到树上鸟的叫声吗？I heard someone crying in the room just now. 我刚才听到有人在房间里哭。I often watch the children play football on the playground. 我经常看这些孩子

13、们在操场上踢足球。You can always find people eating hamburgers near the road. 你会经常发现人们在马路边吃汉堡。 I saw him go into that building. 我看到他进了那幢楼。 7. at the age of“at the age of”的意思是“在多大时”相当于“when he years old ”。I started learning the violin when I was eight. 我八岁的时候开始学小提琴。I started learning the violin at the age of

14、eight. Could you skate when you were six years old? 你六岁的时候会滑冰吗？Could you skate at the age of six?8. loving/lovelyloving 和lovely都是形容词，都有“可爱的”意思。其主要区别于loving 较重于感情，含有“慈爱的，钟情的”意思，可修饰人或物。He is a very loving father. 他是一个很慈祥的父亲。She gave her husband a loving look. 她深情地望了望她的丈夫。lovely多指人的性格、品行的可爱。 You look l

15、ovely. 你看上去很可爱。 We have lovely neighbours. 我们有善良可爱的邻居。Such a lovely night! 多么美好的夜晚！ 9. a piece of piece 的意思是“一片，一个，一张，一首”， 与of同接在不可数名词前，表示该名词的数量。与形容词连用时，形容词通常置于piece之前。a fine piece of music一首优美的音乐 a wonderful piece of poetry 一首绝佳的诗a piece of paper一张纸 two pieces of chalk两支粉笔 a piece of cake 轻松的事【语法的重

16、点难点】 1. 时间状语从句 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.莫扎特四岁的时候开始写曲子。 这句话中when的意思是“当的时候”，是连词，后面引导的从句称为时间状语。意义：when+句子，与“in+某年/某月”，“at+某时间”， “at the age of+年龄”等等相同，都是用来表示时间的。在when引导的时间状语从句中，一定要注意主句与从句谓语动词的时态。当主句谓语动词是过去时态，从句也要用过去的时态。当主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时态。位置：when引导的时间状语从句既可以放在主句前面，也可以放在主

17、句后面。I was fat when I was a child.小时候我很胖。I was cooking dinner when they reached home.他们到家的时候我正在做饭。She first had a party when she was eight. 她八岁的时候第一次举行晚会。Ill call you when he comes back. 他回来时我就给你打电话。I lived in this village when I was a boy. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我就住在这个村庄。Edison was not a good student when he wa

18、s a young boy.爱迪生小时候不是一个成绩好的学生。When I came home, my wife was cooking dinner.我回家时，妻子正在做晚饭。 2. when的用法小节1）作疑问副词，意思是“什么时候”When are you leaving for Shanghai? 你什么时候去上海？When did you start learning English? 你什么时候开始学英语的？2）作连接副词，引起时间状语从句或不定式短语，意思是“什么时候”。Id like to know when theyll come. 我想知道他们什么时候来。Ask them

19、when to start. 问问他们什么时候开始。3）连词，引起状语从句，意思是“当的时候”。I met Mr Wang when I went to the movie yesterday.昨天我去看电影的时候，碰见了王先生。Please call me when you get there. 当你到达那里的时候，请给我打个电话。【功能用语及拓展】本单元涉及的功能用语有：1. Talk about people: When was he born ? He was born in 1895. Where was he born? He was born in Shanghai. How l

20、ong did he hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months. When did he start hiccupping? He started hiccupping in 1922.2. Talk a person you admire: was born in in He/She was an unusual boy/girl. He/She started ice skating when he /she was four years old.He/She worked very hard. He/She became a skati

21、ng champion when he/she was ten. Now he/she is a 【考点突破】【典型例题】本单元主要考察动词和从句例题1. （ ）When they went into the park, they saw someone _Chinese Konfu. A. plays B. played C. to play D. playing 【思路探究】 答案：D 从整个句子来看，本题是表达“看见某人正在”，用的应该是see sb doing 这一句型。如果是“看见了整个过程”就用see sb do.例题2. （ ）The light of this room was

22、 _ dim for Tom _read last night. A. too; to B. enough; to C. too; not to D. not enough; to【思路探究】 答案：A本题表达的是“灯光太暗，汤姆不能读书”，而 “tooto”正是“太而不能”的意义，enough 只能用在形容词之后。例题3. （ ）（A）She became a movie star _she was young. A. when B. where C. why D. what （ ）（B）_did you visit your old friend? The day before yeste

23、rday.A. Where B. When C. How D. What 【思路探究】（A）句答案：A A句的when 是连词“当时”， 引导的时间状语从句。主从句的动词时态一致。（B）句答案：B B句中的回答是前天，说明前面所缺的是疑问词“什么 时候”。所以要区分when 在句子中的含义。例题4. （ ）You must stop _, my father is sleeping. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. talks【思路探究】 答案：B 本题是考查stop 一词的用法。stop doing sth 是停止做某事，动名词作stop 的宾语。stop

24、to do sth 动词不定式不做stop 的宾语，而是目的状语，表示“停下来去做某事”。例题5. （ ） _did it _the conductor to check the tickets this morning? Half an hour. A. How soon; take B. How long; cost C. How often; spent D. How long; take【思路探究】 答案：D 根据答语“half an hour” 是时间段，我们可以确知问句应该是how long 引导的特殊疑问句。问句意思是“今天早上列车员查票用了多长时间？”花费某人多长时间干某事的句

25、型是“It takes sb some time to do sth”。 故用动词take。例题6. （ ）The children planted more trees and flowers after they _Greener China. A. joined B. took part in C. became D. were【思路探究】 答案：A本题是考察take part in 和join的区别。take part in指参加某种活动。join指加入团体，政党或组织并成为其中一员。Greener China是“绿色和平组织”。【综合测试】I. 根据句意和首字母补全单词使句子完整。1

26、. Li Yundi is a very t _pianist.2. She likes playing the violin very much. She wants to be a v_ when she grows up.3. Was Deng Yaping b _in 1973?4. The movie c _Harry Potter is my favorite.5. We all love the l _grandmother.6. Did you r _his letter last week?7. Is the pianist a _or dead?8. He works ve

27、ry hard. He wants to be a skating c _.9. He b _a movie star when he was 38 years old.10. John w _the first prize in the jump competition last week. II. 选择方框中所给的句子补全对话。（ ） A: _1._B: Im not sure what Ill do.（ ） A: You really ought to go to college. _2. _B: But I dont like studying.（ ） A: _3. _B: Playi

28、ng the piano. I like to be a pianist.（ ）A: _4._ You cant be a professional pianist unless youre very good.（ ）B: _5._ A.If you have the chance, its a shame（遗憾的事）to waste it.B.What will you do if you dont go to college?C.Its easy to say.D.What do you like doing?E.I dont think you can learn anything we

29、ll.F.I know that, but Ill try my best.G.Why dont you like studying?III. 单项选择填空（ ） 1. Beijing will hold Olympic Games _ 2008. A. on B. in C. at D. for（ ） 2. _ did she act her first film? At the age of three.A. How B. Who C. What D. When（ ） 3. _ did he work in the company? He worked for about 5 years

30、in the company.A. How B. How often C. How long D. How much（ ） 4. I didnt buy the MP4 _ it was too expensive for me.A. after B. though C. because D. until（ ） 5. I saw him _ into the small store room. A. go B. gone C. going D. went （ ） 6. Why is Jack very busy these days? He will _ the singing competition. A. take part in B. join C. enjoy D. enter（ ） 7. I want to know what else you _ on your last vacation? Nothing much. A. do B. did C. to do D. d