15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目.docx

1、15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目PASSAGE 1 A) change B) little C) essentially D) reduce E) goes F) attempts G) Education H) particularly I) faith J) safely K) immediately L) differently M) schools N) importance o) institutionsSince the nineteenth century, there has been a growing belief that the schools can be used f

2、or a wide range of practical purposes, including the solving of social problems that were once considered a more appropriate concern for the family or the church. 47 was first used as a tool for social engineering in 48 to “Americanize” immigrants and to “civilize” Indian children. Since then we hav

3、e continued to lay new burdens on the 49 . In the sixties, the “war on poverty” placed great emphasis on education, in the belief that the culture of the poor, not their lack of money, was the source of their problem. If drug problem spreads, we 50 start drug-education programs. When the teenage pre

4、gnancy rate 51 up, the schools are expected to 52 it through effective sex education. And when young drivers cause too many accidents, we rely on the schools to teach them to drive 53 . There is little evidence that these and similar programs have had much effect and a good deal of evidence that the

5、y have not, but our 54 in education as cure-all(万能药) persists anyway. Other societies, of course, have used the schools to 55 attitudes and behavior, but they have done so together with sweeping changes in other social institutions at the same time. The faith that the schools alone can bring about s

6、ocial change is distinctively American and there seems to be very 56 proof for this faith.PASSAGE 2 Over 32 billion has been paid out to winners since the first UK national lottery draw in 1994. With such huge sums of money at stake it is perhaps no surprise that something like 70 percent of UK adul

7、ts play the lottery on a 47 basis. They can even choose to play daily as the company which runs the UK National Lottery, Camelot, operates multiple games. Of course, there is a more serious side to the lottery. The UK government collects around 12 percent tax on lottery revenues and ensures a furthe

8、r slice of the money goes to good 48 . These include 49 in health, education, the environment, the arts, sport and national heritage. With all these positive 50 for lottery revenue, it might be hard to imagine a downside to the lottery. But there are some very vocal 51 to the national game. Some fee

9、l that any form of gambling is wrong whilst others choose to 52 the way the lottery revenue is spent. Another area of 53 is over the level of support and advice given to new lottery winners. Just how are people meant to 54 the huge sums of money that the lottery jackpots now offer? Well, with over 2

10、,100 newly-created millionaires, some manage better than others. For every story of successful investment and charitable giving there is more 55 story of careless spending. We shouldnt forget the story of John McGuinness, who invested a large part of his? 10 million win in a newly formed football te

11、am and who is now facing bankruptcy and financial 56 .A) intense B) cause C) concern D) applications E) opponents F) sensational G) disasters H) criticize I) established J) programs K) disgusting L) projectsM) manage N) regular O) ruinPASSAGE 3There are two factors which 47 an individuals intelligen

12、ce. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ 48 , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has 49 to learn. So the second factor is what happens to individual-the

13、 sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped (不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is 50 . The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can b

14、e demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being 51 , the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth 52 were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were places in separate foster (抚养) homes. Peter was 53 by parents of l

15、ow intelligence in an 54 community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental 55 continued until the twin

16、s were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 56 and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the sa

17、me level.A) average B) considerably C) interpret D) mannerE) identical F) opportunities G) raised H) determineI) departure J) isolated K) inevitable L) capableM) advantage N) processes O) differencePASSAGE 4 The ability to laugh at your own weaknesses and blunders(失误) has long been recognized as a s

18、ign of maturity. And yet this one of the most difficult 47 of your sense of humor to develop. Oscar Wilde once offered a 48 insight about the way we live our lives when he said that “Life is too important to be taken 49 .” I dont think he meant you dont have to take your responsibilities, promises,

19、work, etc. He didnt mean that its OK to live life with no 50 . I think he meant that the quality of our life suffers when we 51 everything in a serious manner. We are no longer vivid, cheerful and spontaneous as when we were kids when we take everything so seriously. I think the key here is to take

20、your work and your duties seriously, but take yourself 52 in the process. Otherwise, you will lose many 53 that a cheerful attitude and humor can offer. Theres a liberating quality that most people 54 when they get to the point that they can laugh at themselves. We get to caught up in our anxieties,

21、 embarrassments, frustrations and upsets that we carry them around with us throughout the day. But when we find a way to laugh at them, they lost their emotional grip on us and 55 into the background. We feel at peace with the incident, even though it was very 56 at the moment.A) benefits B) incompe

22、tence C) delighted D) lightlyE) witness F) approach G) integrity H) responsibilitiesI) valuable J) disgusting K) aspects L) seriouslyM) embarrassing N) retreat O) experiencePASSAGE 5 Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on the Earth. Climatic boundaries est

23、ablish the limits within which 47 can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to 48 . They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather 49 are likely to occur. In harsh conditions, for example, low growing plants and a fe

24、w flowering 50 all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds. Animals, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by 51 as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so 52 specialized that they have an 53 limited distribution. Others, such as b

25、ears, are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Organisms in ocean are just as 54 to climatic changes as land animals. Reef corals (礁珊瑚) can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain sea plants are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as a

26、n index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least 55 of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of “ miniature climate” that can be 56 with them everywhere.A) transferred B) specialized C) extremely D) highlyE) plants F) conditions G) organism

27、s H) extraordinaryI) taken J) thoroughly K) pesticides L) sensitive M) climate N) survive O) physicianPASSAGE 6 Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients 47 of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn

28、 to live with it. Times have changed. Today, we take pain 48 . Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 49 a persons well-being. We know that chronic(慢性的) pain can disrupt(扰乱) a persons life, causing problems that 5

29、0 from missed work to depression. Thats why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 51 in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological

30、and social 52 related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often 53 the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine. This modern 54 for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fe

31、wer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a 55 number of drugs available, and many of them caused 56 side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be

32、 worse than the pain itself.A) gravely B) respect C) limited D) specializeE) seriously F) prompting G) involves H) relievedI) significant J) magnificent K) range L) issuesM) result N) determining O) complainedPASSAGE 7 Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I c