15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目.docx

15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目.docx

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15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目

PASSAGE1

A）changeB）littleC）essentiallyD）reduce

E）goesF）attemptsG）EducationH）particularly

I）faithJ）safelyK）immediatelyL）differently

M）schoolsN）importanceo）institutions

Sincethenineteenthcentury,therehasbeenagrowingbeliefthattheschoolscanbeusedforawiderangeofpracticalpurposes,includingthesolvingofsocialproblemsthatwereonceconsideredamoreappropriateconcernforthefamilyorthechurch.47wasfirstusedasatoolforsocialengineeringin48to“Americanize”immigrantsandto“civilize”Indianchildren.Sincethenwehavecontinuedtolaynewburdensonthe49.Inthesixties,the“waronpoverty”placedgreatemphasisoneducation,inthebeliefthatthecultureofthepoor,nottheirlackofmoney,wasthesourceoftheirproblem.Ifdrugproblemspreads,we50startdrug-educationprograms.Whentheteenagepregnancyrate51up,theschoolsareexpectedto52itthrougheffectivesexeducation.Andwhenyoungdriverscausetoomanyaccidents,werelyontheschoolstoteachthemtodrive53.

Thereislittleevidencethattheseandsimilarprogramshavehadmucheffectandagooddealofevidencethattheyhavenot,butour54ineducationascure-all（万能药）persistsanyway.Othersocieties,ofcourse,haveusedtheschoolsto55attitudesandbehavior,buttheyhavedonesotogetherwithsweepingchangesinothersocialinstitutionsatthesametime.ThefaiththattheschoolsalonecanbringaboutsocialchangeisdistinctivelyAmericanandthereseemstobevery56proofforthisfaith.

PASSAGE2

Over32billionhasbeenpaidouttowinnerssincethefirstUKnationallotterydrawin1994.Withsuchhugesumsofmoneyatstakeitisperhapsnosurprisethatsomethinglike70percentofUKadultsplaythelotteryona47basis.TheycanevenchoosetoplaydailyasthecompanywhichrunstheUKNationalLottery,Camelot,operatesmultiplegames.Ofcourse,thereisamoreserioussidetothelottery.TheUKgovernmentcollectsaround12percenttaxonlotteryrevenuesandensuresafurthersliceofthemoneygoestogood48.Theseinclude49inhealth,education,theenvironment,thearts,sportandnationalheritage.

Withallthesepositive50forlotteryrevenue,itmightbehardtoimagineadownsidetothelottery.Buttherearesomeveryvocal51tothenationalgame.Somefeelthatanyformofgamblingiswrongwhilstotherschooseto52thewaythelotteryrevenueisspent.

Anotherareaof53isoverthelevelofsupportandadvicegiventonewlotterywinners.Justhowarepeoplemeantto54thehugesumsofmoneythatthelotteryjackpotsnowoffer?

Well,withover2,100newly-createdmillionaires,somemanagebetterthanothers.Foreverystoryofsuccessfulinvestmentandcharitablegivingthereismore55storyofcarelessspending.Weshouldn’tforgetthestoryofJohnMcGuinness,whoinvestedalargepartofhis?

10millionwininanewlyformedfootballteamandwhoisnowfacingbankruptcyandfinancial56.

A）intenseB）causeC）concernD）applications

E）opponentsF）sensationalG）disastersH）criticize

I）establishedJ）programsK）disgustingL）projects

M）manageN）regularO）ruin

PASSAGE3

Therearetwofactorswhich47anindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdiffer48,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehas49tolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstoindividual---thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifanindividualishandicapped（不利）environmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheis50.

Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Being51,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowth52werethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacesinseparatefoster（抚养）homes.Peterwas53byparentsoflowintelligenceinan54communitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmental55continueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthanthe56andfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

A）averageB）considerablyC）interpretD）manner

E）identicalF）opportunitiesG）raisedH）determine

I）departureJ）isolatedK）inevitableL）capable

M）advantageN）processesO）difference

PASSAGE4

Theabilitytolaughatyourownweaknessesandblunders（失误）haslongbeenrecognizedasasignofmaturity.Andyetthisoneofthemostdifficult47ofyoursenseofhumortodevelop.

OscarWildeonceoffereda48insightaboutthewayweliveourliveswhenhesaidthat“Lifeistooimportanttobetaken49.”Idon’tthinkhemeantyoudon’thavetotakeyourresponsibilities,promises,work,etc.Hedidn’tmeanthatit’sOKtolivelifewithno50.Ithinkhemeantthatthequalityofourlifesufferswhenwe51everythinginaseriousmanner.Wearenolongervivid,cheerfulandspontaneousaswhenwewerekidswhenwetakeeverythingsoseriously.

Ithinkthekeyhereistotakeyourworkandyourdutiesseriously,buttakeyourself52intheprocess.Otherwise,youwilllosemany53thatacheerfulattitudeandhumorcanoffer.

There’saliberatingqualitythatmostpeople54whentheygettothepointthattheycanlaughatthemselves.Wegettocaughtupinouranxieties,embarrassments,frustrationsandupsetsthatwecarrythemaroundwithusthroughouttheday.Butwhenwefindawaytolaughatthem,theylosttheiremotionalgriponusand55intothebackground.Wefeelatpeacewiththeincident,eventhoughitwasvery56atthemoment.

A）benefitsB）incompetenceC）delightedD）lightly

E）witnessF）approachG）integrityH）responsibilities

I）valuableJ）disgustingK）aspectsL）seriously

M）embarrassingN）retreatO）experience

PASSAGE5

Climate,morethananyothersinglefactor,determinesthedistributionoflifeontheEarth.Climaticboundariesestablishthelimitswithinwhich47cansurvive.Plants,evenmorethananimals,mustbewelladaptedtoclimateinorderto48.Theycannotmoveaboutortakeshelterbutmustbeequippedtoendurewhateverweather49arelikelytooccur.Inharshconditions,forexample,lowgrowingplantsandafewflowering50allhugthegroundforshelterfromicywinds.

Animals,despitetheirabilitytomoveaboutandfindshelter,arejustasmuchinfluencedby51asplantsare.Creaturessuchasthecamelandthepenguinareso52specializedthattheyhavean53limiteddistribution.Others,suchasbears,areflexibleenoughtoadapttoabroadrangeofclimates.Organismsinoceanarejustas54toclimaticchangesaslandanimals.Reefcorals（礁珊瑚）cansurviveonlyinclearwarmseawater.Certainseaplantsaresosensitivetochangesintheirenvironmentthattheirpresencecanbetakenasanindexofseatemperature.Humanbeingsareamongtheleast55ofallanimalsandcanlivealmostanywhere.Theirclothesandtheirhomesactasasortof“miniatureclimate”thatcanbe56withthemeverywhere.

A）transferredB）specializedC）extremelyD）highly

E）plantsF）conditionsG）organismsH）extraordinary

I）takenJ）thoroughlyK）pesticidesL）sensitive

M）climateN）surviveO）physician

PASSAGE6

Yearsago,doctorsoftensaidthatpainwasanormalpartoflife.Inparticular,whenolderpatients47ofpain,theyweretolditwasanaturalpartofagingandtheywouldhavetolearntolivewithit.

Timeshavechanged.Today,wetakepain48.Indeed,painisnowconsideredthefifthvitalsign,asimportantasbloodpressure,temperature,breathingrateandpulsein49aperson’swell-being.Weknowthatchronic（慢性的）paincandisrupt（扰乱）aperson’slife,causingproblemsthat50frommissedworktodepression.

That’swhyagrowingnumberofhospitalsnowdependuponphysicianswho51inpainmedicine.Notonlydoweevaluatethecauseofthepain,whichcanhelpustreatthepainbetter,butwealsohelpprovidecomprehensivetherapyfordepressionandotherpsychologicalandsocial52relatedtochronicpain.Suchcomprehensivetherapyoften53theworkofsocialworkers,psychiatrists（心理医生）andpsychologists,aswellasspecialistsinpainmedicine.

Thismodern54forpainmanagementhasledtoawealthofinnovativetreatmentswhicharemoreeffectiveandwithfewersideeffectsthaneverbefore.Decadesago,therewereonlya55numberofdrugsavailable,andmanyofthemcaused56sideeffectsinolderpeople,includingdizzinessandfatigue.Thiscreatedadouble-edgedsword:

themedicationshelpedrelievethepainbutcausedotherproblemsthatcouldbeworsethanthepainitself.

A）gravelyB）respectC）limitedD）specialize

E）seriouslyF）promptingG）involvesH）relieved

I）significantJ）magnificentK）rangeL）issues

M）resultN）determiningO）complained

PASSAGE7

SomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIc