步进电机运动控制系统外文文献翻译中英文.docx

1、步进电机运动控制系统外文文献翻译中英文步进电机运动控制系统外文文献翻译中英文外文文献翻译 (含:英文原文及中文译文) 文献出处:YH Lee. Stepper motor motion control system design J. Equipment Manufacturing Technology, 2015，2(6):31-41. 英文原文 Stepper motor motion control system design YH Lee Abstract Stepper motors are open-loop control elements that convert electr

2、ical pulse signals to angular or linear displacements. In the case of non-overload, the rotation speed and stop position of the motor depend only on the frequency and pulse number of the pulse signal, and is not affected by the load change, that is, a pulse signal is applied to the motor, and the mo

3、tor rotates through a step angle. The existence of this linear relationship, coupled with the fact that the stepper motor has only periodic errors and no cumulative errors, is a feature. It is very simple to use a stepper motor to control the speed and position. Stepper motor speed control is genera

4、lly to change the frequency of the input stepper motor pulse to achieve stepper motor speed control, because the stepper motor for each pulse to rotate a fixed angle, so that you can control the stepper motor The time interval from one pulse to the next pulse changes the frequency of the pulse. The

5、length of the delay controls the step angle specifically to change the rotation speed of the motor, thereby realizing the stepping motor speed control. In this design scheme, the internal timer of the AT89C51 microcontroller is used to change the frequency of the CP pulse to realize the control of t

6、he rotation speed of the stepper motor to realize the functions of the motor speed adjustment and forward and reverse rotation. The design takes into consideration that the CPU may be disturbed when executing instructions, causing the program to run away or enter the endless loop. Therefore, the wat

7、chdog circuit is designed using a microprocessing system monitoring integrated chip manufactured by MAXIM. MAXI813. This article also gives the related hardware block diagram and software flow chart in detail, and has compiled the assembly language program. Keywords: stepper motor single chip microc

8、omputer speed control system Introduction Stepper motors were first developed by the British in 1920. The invention of the transistor in the late 1950s was also gradually applied to a stepping motor, which made it easier to control the digitization. After continuous improvement, todays stepper motor

9、s have been widely used in mechanical systems with high controllability such as high positioning accuracy, high decomposition performance, high responsiveness, and reliability. In the production process, where automation, labor saving, and high efficiency are required, we can easily find traces of s

10、tepper motors, especially those that emphasize speed, position control, and flexible control applications that require precise command operation. The most. As an actuator, a stepper motor is one of the key products of electromechanical integration and is widely used in various automation control sys

11、tems. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, the demand for stepper motors is increasing day by day, and there are applications in various national economic fields. A stepper motor is an actuator that converts an electrical pulse signal into an angular or linear displaceme

12、nt. Stepper motors can be driven directly with digital signals and are very easy to use. The general motor is continuous rotation, while the stepper motor has two basic states of positioning and operation. When there is a pulse input, the stepping motor rotates step by step, and when it is given a p

13、ulse signal, it turns a certain angle. The angular displacement of the stepping motor is strictly proportional to the number of input pulses and is synchronized in time with the input pulse. Therefore, as long as the number of input pulses, the frequency, and the phase sequence of the motor windings

14、 are controlled, the desired rotation angle can be obtained. Speed and direction of rotation. When there is no pulse input, the air gap magnetic field can keep the rotor in the original position under the excitation of the winding power supply. So it is very suitable for single chip microcomputer co

15、ntrol. Stepper motors also have features such as fast start, precise stepping and positioning, and are thus widely used in CNC machine tools, plotters, printers, and optical instruments. Stepping motors have become the third category of motors except for DC motors and AC motors. Traditional electric

16、 motors, as electromechanical energy conversion devices, play a key role in human production and life into the electrification process. The stepper motor can be used as a special motor for control, and it is widely used in various open-loop control because it has no accumulated error (accuracy is 10

17、0%). Now more commonly used stepper motors include reactive stepper motors (VR), permanent magnet stepper motors (PM), hybrid stepper motors (HB), and single-phase stepper motors. Permanent-magnet type stepping motor is generally two-phase, small torque and volume, step angle is generally 7.5 degree

18、s or 15 degrees; Reactive stepping motor is generally three-phase, can achieve large torque output, stepping The angle is generally 1.5 degrees, but the noise and vibration are large. The rotor of the reactive stepper motor is magnetically routed from a soft magnetic material, and the stator has a m

19、ulti-phase excitation winding, which generates torque using a change in the magnetic permeability. Hybrid stepping motor refers to the advantage of mixing permanent magnet type and reactive type. It is divided into two phases and five phases: the two-phase step angle is generally 1.8 degrees and the

20、 five-phase step angle is generally 0.72 degrees. This type of stepper motor is the most widely used and is also the stepper motor used in this subdivision drive scheme. 1 stepper motor overview 1. 1 stepper motor features: 1) The accuracy of a typical stepper motor is 3-5% of the step angle and doe

21、s not accumulate. 2) The allowable temperature of the stepper motor is high. Excessively high temperature of the stepping motor first demagnetizes the magnetic material of the motor, resulting in a drop in torque and even loss of synchronism. Therefore, the maximum temperature allowed for the appear

22、ance of the motor should depend on the demagnetization point of the magnetic material of different motors; generally, the demagnetization of the magnetic material. The points are all above 130 degrees Celsius, and some are even up to 200 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the external temperature of the st

23、epper motor is completely normal at 80-90 degrees Celsius. 3) The torque of the stepper motor will decrease as the rotation speed increases. When the stepper motor rotates, the inductance of each phase winding of the motor will form a counter electromotive force; the higher the frequency, the greate

24、r the counter electromotive force. Under its effect, the motors phase current decreases as the frequency (or speed) increases, causing the torque to drop. 4) The stepping motor can run normally at low speed, but it cannot start if it is higher than a certain speed, accompanied by howling. The steppe

25、r motor has a technical parameter: No-load starting frequency, that is the pulse frequency that the stepping motor can start normally under no-load conditions. If the pulse frequency is higher than this value, the motor cannot start normally, and step loss or stall may occur. In the case of load, th

26、e starting frequency should be lower. If the motor is to be rotated at a high speed, the pulse frequency should have an acceleration process, that is, the starting frequency is low, and then it is increased to a desired high frequency (motor speed is raised from low speed to high speed) at a certain

27、 acceleration. TC * MERGEFORMAT 1. 2 working principle of stepping motor A stepper motor is a type of motor that is controlled by an electrical pulse and converts the electrical pulse signal into a phase-shifted motor whose mechanical displacement and rotational speed are proportional to the number

28、of pulses and the pulse frequency of the input motor winding. Each pulse signal can be stepped The feed motor rotates at a fixed angle. The number of pulses determines the total angle of rotation. The frequency of the pulse determines the speed of the motor. When the stepper receives a pulse signal,

29、 it drives the stepper motor to rotate in the set direction. At a fixed angle (called step angle), its rotation is performed step by step at a fixed angle. By controlling the number of pulses to control the angular displacement, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning; At the same time,

30、 by controlling the pulse frequency to control the speed and acceleration of the motor rotation, so as to achieve the purpose of speed control. 2 Basic requirements for design Study the characteristics, working principle, and specific speed regulation principle of stepper motor. TC * MERGEFORMAT Bas

31、ic requirements The stepper motor uses a three-phase stepper motor with a power of 1W. When the speed is in the range of 0 to 1000r/min, the maximum accuracy is 2%. To basically complete the graduation design, the stepper motor can perform precise speed control, positive and negative rotation, and i

32、t can not lose step when starting. Basically, there is no Oscillation, can complete the complete hardware circuit diagram, software design. 3 Argumentation of the plan 3.1 Determination of control methods Although the stepper motor control is a relatively accurate, open-loop stepper motor control sy

33、stem has the advantages of low cost, simple, convenient control, etc., in the open-loop system of the stepper motor using the microcontroller, the frequency of the CP pulse of the control system or change The cycle is actually controlling the speed of the stepper motor. There are two ways the system can achieve stepper motor spe