非谓语动词的常见区别.docx

1、非谓语动词的常见区别非谓语动词的常见区别非谓语动词的常见区别：I） 现在分词和过去分词的区别及物动词：现在分词：表正在进行的动作（有时表示时间不定）、主动 过去分词：表已经完成的动作（有时表示时间不定）、被动不及物动词：现在分词：表正在进行的动作、主动过去分词：表完成，不表被动 Do you know the woman talking to Tom?Entering the city, they saw a lot of soldiers marching.The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.Seen from the top

2、 of the hill, the city is more beautiful.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.Look! The falling leaves are all yellow.Lots of fallen leaves make the road yellow.You should drink boiled water.II）主语：动名词与不定式的区别：动名词表示较抽象的一般性的行为；不定式表示具体的某次动作。Her job is building houses.Their ta

3、sk now is to build the factory.一些句型：动名词：Its no use/good doing sth.There is no +V-ing (There is no telling what will happen.不定式:Its +adj（表示重要性、紧迫性或频度的difficult/necessary/pleasant/easyhard）+for sb to do sth.Its +adj (表示人的品质特性的honest/wist/kind/foolish/careful/good/rude/polite)+of sb to do sth.It takes/

4、took sb time to do sth.III）宾语（略）IV)表语1 不定式作表语时一般紧跟系动词:be/seem/get/remain/prove,主语通常是ones wish/plan/dream/task/duty或主语从句Not to grasp firmly is not to grasp at all.What I want to do seems to tell you something.My plan is to wash the clothes.2.不定式常可表示具体的某次动作，有时表将来。Their task now is to build the factory

5、.3. 动名词常表抽象的一般性行为。Their job is building houses.Her hobby is painting.One of his bad habits is not speaking clearly.4.分词作表语多数源于表示人们某种情感或情绪的动词，现在分词表示给人感觉；过去分词表示人的感觉moving/moved;exciting/excited;interesting/interested;boring/bored;surprising/surprised;encouraging/encouraged;puzzling/puzzled;inspiring/i

6、nspired;pleasing/pleased;sastifying/satisfiedWe were all moved by the moving story.The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.He was pleased with my words.V).定语不定式作定语1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.There is nothing to

7、worry about.Please give me a knife to cut with.Here is some paper for you to write on.但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place,或way 时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。He had no money and no place to live (in).We found a way to solve the problem.2. 不定式表将来：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.The students to attend the mee

8、ting will arrive here tomorrow.You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:30.3. 用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词或用来修饰抽象名词。He was the best man to do the job.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.Do you have the ability to read and write English?I have not ch

9、ance to go sightseeing.The swimming boy is my brother.（单个的分词放在名词前，分词短语放在名词后）（正在进行、主动）The road joining the two villages is very wide. （时间不定、主动）This is a picture painted by my father.（被动、完成）Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those make in China.（被动、时间不定）The question being discussed

10、is very important. （正在被做）Do you know the boy being punished by our teacher?VI) 补语形式语态内容To do(to)do(感官动词/使役动词之后省to)与宾语是主动关系表示去做/在感官动词之后表示全过程、已发生Doing与宾语是主动关系动作正在进行Done与宾语是被动关系动作已经完成I heard someone calling me.I heard my name called.Youd better get/have the dangerous building pulled down.He had his hai

11、r cut.I had my arm broken yesterday.重要句型：make oneself done(understood/heard/seen/believed/known)I cant make myself understood because of my broken English.I didnt make myself heard because a lot of people cried in the hall.VII) 状语不定式：目的状语、结果状语、情绪形容词之后的原因状语分词：时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、伴随情况Seen from the hill, th

12、e city is beautiful.Seeing from the hill, you can see the whole city.Heated to 100C, water will boil.Given more time, we could finish the work successful.下周二测试V-ing的所有用法Using Language(P39):1. arouse vt.唤醒, 唤起, 鼓励, 引起The odd sight aroused our curiosity.arouse sb. from sleep唤醒某人arouse suspicion引起猜疑aro

13、use sb.s enthusiasm激起某人的积极性2. appreciation n.感谢, 感激, 正确评价, 欣赏appreciation of music音乐鉴赏in appreciation of因赏识.而, 因感激.而write a brief appreciation of a book为一本书写短评We offer this small token by way of appreciation.我们赠送这小小的礼物以表谢意。3. concern vt.涉及， 有关;感兴趣于， 从事， 参与， 干预涉;使担心挂念， 使忧虑That doesnt concern me.那与我无关

14、。This problem concerns all of us.这个问题攸关我们全部人We concerned ourselves with accomplishing the task at hand.我们参与了手边的这项任务concern oneself about关心， 挂念Please dont let my illness concern you.请你不要担心我的疾病。We are all concerned for about her safety.我们大家都担心着她的安全。n.所关切的事； 涉及（某人）利害关系； 焦虑a matter of the utmost concern

15、关系重大的事， 头等大事have concern about the matter关心此事express show deep concern for sb.表示对某人十分关心Reading Task(P 72)Question:1. Who told Sara to go to her mothers house and why?2. What was the first sign Sara had that she was in danger?3. Who was in the house with Sara?4. Why did Sara climbed onto the roof of

16、her car?1. up to 1)忙于（尤其是策划和密谋）：That fellow must be up to no good.2) 能做或处理（对付）：He didnt feel up to a long drive.觉得无法来开很长一段路的车3) 依靠：The success of this project is up to us.这个项目的成败取决于我们4) 长至：The students were allowed up to two hours to finish the test.允许学生有两个小时来完成考试5)多至：They bought seeds that yield up

17、 to 300 bushels per acre.每英亩能产三百蒲式耳的种子2. attach vt.附上, 贴上, 缚上, 拴上;连接; 加入, 参加(to);使附属, 使隶属;使依恋, 爱慕, 使喜爱(to)attach a document to a letter将文件附在信中attach labels to the luggage把标签系在行李上attach ones name to在.上签名He attached his horse to a tree.他将马栓在树上。The hospital is attached to that university.这医院附属于那所大学。3. make搭配词组：make a noise/decision/a guess of sth/no answer/no comment/ones choice/progress/a self-criticism/a contribution toHomework: 1. 完成全部练习册（周一交） 2. 准备听写21周单词测试范围：1）Unit 5词汇表 2）P34页课文划线部分词组