必修五U1 U5 课文挖空练习.docx

1、必修五 U1 U5 课文挖空练习必修5 Unit 1JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London 1._ 2. _ （熟练的，经验丰富的）, indeed, that he 3. _ （照料）Queen Victoria as her personal 4. _ （内科医生. But he became 5. _ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people 6. _（短：暴露于）cholera. This was the 7. _

2、（致命的）disease of its day. 8. _ its cause nor its 9. _（疗法）was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died 10. _ （短：每一次）there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the 11. _（挑战）and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled 12. _ its cause was found. He became int

3、erested in two theories that 13. _ (possible) explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its 14. _（受害者）. The second suggested that people 15. _（吸收）this disease into their bodies with their meals.

4、 From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the 16. _ (affect) person died. John Snow 17. _（怀疑）that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another 18. _（爆发） hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his 19. _（询问，调查）. As the disease spread quickly through p

5、oor 20. _（附近，邻近）, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so 21. _ （严峻的，严厉的）that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to 22. _ （短：找出）why.First he marked on a map the exact places 23. _ all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valu

6、able 24. _（线索）about the cause of the disease. Many of the 25. _ (dead) were near the water 26. _（水泵）in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not 27. _（预知，预见）this, s

7、o he made further 28. _（调查）. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. 29. _ seemed that the water 30. _（短：应受责备的）. Next, John Snow 31. _ （短：深入调查）the source of the water for these two streets. H

8、e found that it came from the river 32. _（污染）by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the 33. _ (astonish) people in Broad Street to remove the 34. _ （把手，手柄）from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs a

9、nd not in a cloud of gas. In 35. _ part of London, he found 36. _(support) evidence from two other deaths that 37. _（短：与联系起来）the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it 38. _(delivere) to her house every day. Both sh

10、e and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. 39. _ this extra evidence John Snow was able to 40. _ （宣布）with 41. _（确信，确实）that polluted water carried the virus. 42. _ (prevent) this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies 43. _ (examine). The

11、 water companies 44. _(命令，指示，教导) not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally King Cholera was defeated.COPERNICUS REVOLUTIONRRY THEORYNicolaus Copernicus was 1. _ （frighten）and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical 2. _（calculate）led to the sa

12、me 3. _(结论): that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there 4. _ the 5. _（移动，运动of the other planets in the sky 6. _ （短：讲得通，有意义）. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him 7. _ even suggesting such an i

13、dea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move 8. _（向后）and then go forward in a loop. 9._ appeared brighter at times and

14、 less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected 10. _ （observe）of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to e

15、xplain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually 11. _(improve) his theory until he felt it was complete. In 1514 he showed it 12. _（私下地，秘密地）to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were 13. _（革命性的）. He placed a fixed sun at the cen

16、tre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was 14. _（旋转）as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the 15. _（明亮，亮度）of the stars. His friends were 16. _（热情的）and

17、encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was 17. _（谨慎的）. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay 18. _ (lie) in 1543. Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church 19. _（拒绝）his theory, saying it was 20. _ Gods idea and people

18、who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis on 21._ all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the 22. _（宇宙）. Copernicus showed this was _(ob

19、vious) wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.必修5 Unit 2PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder 1. _ different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ire

20、land. You can 2. _(澄清，阐明) this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people 3. _(短：提及，提到) England you find Wales 4. _ （include）as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and t

21、he name was changed to Great Britain. Happily this was 5. _ （完成，实现）without 6. _（冲突）when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland 7. _ （connect） in the same peacef

22、ul way. However, the southern part of Ireland was 8. _ （不愿意的）and 9. _（短：挣脱, 脱离）to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag 10. _（call） the 11. _（联合，联盟）Jack.12. _（短：值得赞扬）the fou

23、r countries do work together in some areas (eg, the 13. _（货币）and international relations), but they still have very different 14. _（制度，机制）. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different 15. _（教育的）and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the Wor

24、ld Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and 16. _（短：出于方便起见）it is divided 17. _（粗略地）into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population 18.

25、 _ (settle) in the south, but most of the 19. _ (industry) cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, 20. _（全国性的）, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! 21. _ is a pity that the industrial cities built i

26、n the nineteenth century do not 22. _（吸引）visitors. For 23. _ （历史的）24. _（建筑学，建筑艺术）you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art 25. _（收藏品）, theatres

27、, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its 26. _（管理，行政部门）. It has the oldest 27. _（港口）built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle 28. _( construct) by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has

28、been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, 29. _(leave) their towns and roads. The 30. _, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food. If you look around the British 31. _（乡下，农村）you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if