必修五U1 U5 课文挖空练习.docx

必修五U1 U5 课文挖空练习.docx

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必修五U1U5课文挖空练习

必修5Unit1

JOHHSHOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”

JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon–1.____________2.____________（熟练的，经验丰富的）,indeed,thathe3.____________（照料）QueenVictoriaasherpersonal4.____________（内科医生.Buthebecame5.____________（inspire）whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople6.____________（短：

暴露于）cholera.Thiswasthe7.____________（致命的）diseaseofitsday.8.____________itscausenorits9.____________（疗法）wasunderstood.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied10.____________（短：

每一次）therewasanoutbreak.JohnSnowwantedtofacethe11.____________（挑战）andsolvethisproblem.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolled12.____________itscausewasfound.

Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthat13.____________（possible）explainedhowcholerakilledpeople.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.Acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfoundits14.____________（受害者）.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeople15.____________（吸收）thisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoonthe16.____________（affect）persondied.

JohnSnow17.____________（怀疑）thatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededevidence.Sowhenanother18.____________（爆发）hitLondonin1854,hewasreadytobeginhis19.____________（询问，调查）.Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughpoor20.____________（附近，邻近）,hebegantogatherinformation.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwasso21.____________（严峻的，严厉的）thatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedto22.____________（短：

找出）why.

Firsthemarkedonamaptheexactplaces23.____________allthedeadpeoplehadlived.Thisgavehimavaluable24.____________（线索）aboutthecauseofthedisease.Manyofthe25.____________（dead）werenearthewater26.____________（水泵）inBroadStreet（especiallynumbers16,37,38and40）.Healsonoticedthatsomehouses（suchas20and21BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreet）hadhadnodeaths.Hehadnot27.____________（预知，预见）this,sohemadefurther28.____________（调查）.Hediscoveredthatthesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeerandsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.29.____________seemedthatthewater30.____________（短：

应受责备的）.

Next,JohnSnow31.____________（短：

深入调查）thesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriver32.____________（污染）bythedirtywaterfromLondon.Heimmediatelytoldthe33.____________（astonish）peopleinBroadStreettoremovethe34.____________（把手，手柄）fromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.Soonafterwardsthediseasesloweddown.Hehadshownthatcholerawasspreadbygermsandnotinacloudofgas.

In35.____________partofLondon,hefound36.____________（support）evidencefromtwootherdeathsthat37.____________（短：

与…联系起来）theBroadStreetoutbreak.Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehadit38.____________（delivere）toherhouseeveryday.Bothsheandherdaughterdiedofcholeraafterdrinkingthewater.39.____________thisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasableto40.____________（宣布）with41.____________（确信，确实）thatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.

42.____________（prevent）thisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersupplies43.____________（examine）.Thewatercompanies44.____________（命令，指示，教导）nottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.Finally"KingCholera"wasdefeated.

COPERNICUS’REVOLUTIONRRYTHEORY

NicolausCopernicuswas1.__________________（frighten）andhismindwasconfused.Althoughhehadtriedtoignorethem,allhismathematical2.__________________（calculate）ledtothesame3.__________________（结论）:

thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Onlyifyouputthesunthere4.__________________the5.__________________（移动，运动oftheotherplanetsinthesky6.__________________（短：

讲得通，有意义）.YethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhim7.__________________evensuggestingsuchanidea.TheybelievedGodhadmadetheworldandforthatreasontheearthwasspecialandmustbethecentreofthesolarsystem.

Theproblemarosebecauseastronomershadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop,move8.__________________（向后）andthengoforwardinaloop.9.__________________appearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothers.Thiswasverystrangeiftheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemandallplanetswentroundit.

Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardabouttheseproblemsandtriedtofindananswer.Hehadcollected10.__________________（observe）ofthestarsandusedallhismathematicalknowledgetoexplainthem.Butonlyhisnewtheorycoulddothat.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit,gradually11.__________________（improve）histheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.

In1514heshowedit12.__________________（私下地，秘密地）tohisfriends.Thechangeshemadetotheoldtheorywere13.__________________（革命性的）.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.Healsosuggestedthattheearthwas14.__________________（旋转）asitwentroundthesunandthisexplainedchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthe15.__________________（明亮，亮度）ofthestars.Hisfriendswere16.__________________（热情的）andencouragedhimtopublishhisideas,butCopernicuswas17.__________________（谨慎的）.HedidnotwanttobeattackedbytheChristianChurch,soheonlypublisheditashelay18.__________________（lie）in1543.

Certainlyhewasrighttobecareful.TheChristianChurch19.__________________（拒绝）histheory,sayingitwas20.__________________God'sideaandpeoplewhosupporteditwouldbeattacked.YetCopernicus'theoryisnowthebasison21.__________________allourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.HistheoryreplacedtheChristianideaofgravity,whichsaidthingsfelltoearthbecauseGodcreatedtheearthasthecentreofthe22.__________________（宇宙）.Copernicusshowedthiswas__________________（obvious）wrong.NowpeoplecanseethatthereisadirectlinkbetweenhistheoryandtheworkofIsaacNewton,AlbertEinsteinandStephenHawking.

必修5Unit2

PUZZLESINGEOGRAPHY

Peoplemaywonder1._________________differentwordsareusedtodescribethesefourcountries:

England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.Youcan2._________________（澄清，阐明）thisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.

FirsttherewasEngland.Waleswaslinkedtoitinthethirteenthcentury.Nowwhenpeople3._________________（短：

提及，提到）EnglandyoufindWales4._________________（include）aswell.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedtoScotlandintheseventeenthcenturyandthenamewaschangedto"GreatBritain".Happilythiswas5._________________（完成，实现）without6._________________（冲突）whenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIreland7._________________（connect）inthesamepeacefulway.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwas8._________________（不愿意的）and9._________________（短：

挣脱,脱离）toformitsowngovernment.SoonlyNorthernIrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdomandthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflag10._________________（call）the11._________________（联合，联盟）Jack.

12._________________（短：

值得赞扬）thefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas（eg,the13._________________（货币）andinternationalrelations）,buttheystillhaveverydifferent14._________________（制度，机制）.Forexample,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferent15._________________（教育的）andlegalsystemsaswellasdifferentfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!

Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,and16._________________（短：

出于方便起见）itisdivided17._________________（粗略地）intothreezones.ThezonenearestFranceiscalledtheSouthofEngland,themiddlezoneiscalledtheMidlandsandtheonenearesttoScotlandisknownastheNorth.Youfindmostofthepopulation18._________________（settle）inthesouth,butmostofthe19._________________（industry）citiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland.Although,20._________________（全国性的）,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworld-famousfootballteamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!

21._________________isapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonot22._________________（吸引）visitors.For23._________________（历史的）24._________________（建筑学，建筑艺术）youhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsbuiltbytheRomans.ThereyouwillfindoutmoreaboutBritishhistoryandculture.

ThegreatesthistoricaltreasureofallisLondonwithitsmuseums,art25._________________（收藏品）,theatres,parksandbuildings.Itisthecentreofnationalgovernmentandits26._________________（管理，行政部门）.Ithastheoldest27._________________（港口）builtbytheRomansinthefirstcenturyAD,theoldestbuildingbegunbytheAnglo-Saxonsinthe1060sandtheoldestcastle28._________________（construct）bylaterNormanrulersin1066.TherehasbeenfoursetsofinvadersofEngland.Thefirstinvaders,theRomans,29._________________（leave）theirtownsandroads.The30._________________,theAnglo-Saxons,lefttheirlanguageandtheirgovernment.Thethird,theVikings,influencedthevocabularyandplace-namesoftheNorthofEngland,andthefourth,theNormans,leftcastlesandintroducednewwordsforfood.

IfyoulookaroundtheBritish31._________________（乡下，农村）youwillfindevidenceofalltheseinvaders.Youmustkeepyoureyesopenif