英语高考英语总复习阅读理解社会文化.docx

1、英语高考英语总复习阅读理解社会文化【英语】高考英语总复习-阅读理解(社会文化)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 Being attractive isnt usually considered much of a disadvantage in todays world. Actually, there is the endless potential benefit about it, but researchers have found one area that being pretty makes life a challenge securing yourself a bor

2、ing, lowpaying job. This stands in contrast to a large body of research that attractiveness, in general, helps candidates in the selection process. For the most part good looks is a blessing. We treat pretty people more favorably in general, often vote for them more in elections, and pay them more i

3、n their professions. The research suggests that attractive people may be discriminated against in selection for relatively less desirable jobs. Researchers carried out four experiments involving more than 750 participants, including university students and managers who make hiring decisions in the r

4、eal world. Participants were shown photos of two potential job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive. Participants were then asked a series of questions designed to measure their opinions of the job candidates and whether they would hire these candidates for a lessthandesirable job.

5、The less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative and the more desirable jobs included things like a manager, project director, IT elite(精英). In all experiments where they were asked, participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive c

6、andidate for the less desirable job and more likely to hire the attractive candidate for the more desirable job. Ms Lee said, In the selection decision for an undesirable job, decision makers were more likely to choose the unattractive individual over the attractive individual. Coauthor Dr Madan Pil

7、lutla said, It is interesting that decision makers consider others opinions in their decisions. They thought that attractive individuals would want better outcomes, and therefore would be less satisfied, so they favored unattractive candidates when selecting for a less desirable job. The research al

8、so suggests the established view that attractive candidates are favored when applying for jobs might be limited to highlevel jobs.（1）What do people generally think of being attractive? A.It is a disadvantage.B.It is a blessing.C.it is not important.D.It has nothing to do with jobs.（2）What does Parag

9、raph 3 mainly talk about? A.The participants of the experiment.B.The importance of the experiment.C.The process of the experiment.D.The result of the experiment.（3）An ordinarylooking graduate may have an advantage when applying for _. A.a managerB.a project directorC.a warehouse workerD.an IT elite（

10、4）Why are less attractive applicants preferred for less desirable jobs? A.Because they are more hardworking.B.Because they will be more satisfied.C.Because they have no requirements at all.D.Because they will want better outcomes.（5）Which of the following agrees with the research? A.Attractive peopl

11、e are more fit for highlevel jobs.B.Less attractive people are easy to find highlevel jobs.C.Attractive people can always be hired when applying for jobs.D.Less attractive people can easily get highly paid if they work hard.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了吸引力和求职之间的关系。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的

12、For the most part good looks is a blessing.可知,在很大程度上,美貌是一种福气,由此可知,人们普遍认为有吸引力是一种福气,故选B。 （2）考查段落大意。根据第三段内容,特别是Participants were shown photos of two potential job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive.可知,本段主要介绍了研究人员对吸引力和求职之间的关系的实验过程,故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的The less desirable jobs included

13、 a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative及participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive candidate for the less desirable job可知,参与者不太可能雇有吸引力的人做不那么理想的工作,而仓库管理员是不理想的工作之一,由此可知,长相一般的人在申请仓库管理员职位上有优势,故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的They thought that attractive individua

14、ls would want better outcomes, and therefore would be less satisfied, so they favored unattractive candidates when selecting for a less desirable job.可知,有吸引力的人希望更好的结果,因此不太容易满足,所以参与者在选择不那么理想的工作时更喜欢长相一般的候选人,由此可知,长相一般的人更喜欢不那么理想的工作是因为他们更容易满足,故选B。 （5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的The research also suggests the establis

15、hed view that attractive candidates are favored when applying for jobs might be limited to highlevel jobs.可知,有吸引力的求职者更受青睐的观点可能仅限于高层职位,由此可知,有吸引力的人更适合高层工作与研究结果相符合,故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 It is commonly believed that the earliest Chin

16、ese paper-cutsappeared during the sixth century. Some scholars believe it was even earlier.Legend has it that during the Western Han Dynasty(206BC-AD24), Emperor Wudi wasvery sad after one of his favorite concubines, Madame Li, died. A Taoistpriest, Li Shaoweng, cut a piece of hemp paper in the shap

17、e of Madame Li. Whenevening fell, the emperors servants lit candles in his bedroom; the reflectionof that paper-cut on the wall made the emperor think about his belovedconcubine. The Yuxian paper-cut is different from most paper-cutsproduced in other regions of China. Paper-cuts from other regions a

18、re mostlycut with scissors or knives from single-colored paper, such as red or blackpaper. There are four major procedures to making the Yuxianpaper-cut: First, sketch the pattern on the draft paper; second, fasten thedraft to the paper to be cut; third, use a knife to carve out the pattern; andfour

19、th, dye (染色)the paper-cut with various colors. Precise cutting skills are needed to make a piece of theYuxian paper-cut, which highlights the craft makers artistic taste and dyeingskills. That explains the following saying: The successful making of aYuxian paper-cut is 30 percent dependent on the ma

20、kers cutting skills, and 70percent on the makers dyeing skills. The traditional Yuxian paper-cut highlights two themes:flowers and characters in Chinese operas. The paper-cut is particularly knownfor its vivid description of characters in various traditional Chinese operas.In October 2009, the art o

21、f Yuxians paper-cut was added to the list ofIntangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产) established by UNESCO (United NationsEducational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization).（1）The first paragraph is actually about_. A.Emperor Wudis favorite concubineB.the origins of Chinese paper-cutsC.the inventor o

22、f Chinese paper-cutD.one of the themes of Yuxian paper-cut（2）Which is the most important skill of making paper-cut? A.Drawing skill.B.Cutting skill.C.Dyeing skill.D.Carving skill（3）According to the passage, the Yuxian paper-cut is especially famous for its_. A.lively images of characters in classic

23、operasB.traditional Chinese operasC.Chinese cultural influence on operasD.advanced cutting techniques（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.The Earliest Chinese LegendB.The Yuxian Paper-cut SkillsC.Emperor Wudis Sad StoryD.Chinese Yuxian Paper-cut【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国蔚县剪纸

24、。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段可知，介绍了中国剪纸的起源。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The successful making of a Yuxian paper-cut is 30 percent dependent on the makers cutting skills, and 70 percent on the makers dyeing skills.”蔚县剪纸的成功制作30 %取决于制作人的切割技巧，70 %取决于制作人的染色技巧。可知染色技巧对于剪纸最重要。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The paper-cut is particularly

25、 known for its vivid description of characters in various traditional Chinese operas”剪纸以其对各种传统戏曲中人物的生动描述而闻名。可知，选A。（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了蔚县剪纸有四个主要步骤。制作蔚县剪纸需要精确的切割技巧，这突出了手工艺者的艺术品味和染色技巧。传统蔚县剪纸突出了两个主题:中国戏曲中的花和人物。这些都是围绕着“中国蔚县剪纸”这个主题展开的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行

26、推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 The influence of America is increasing in my country. Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day. I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture

27、because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies. Most of the programs and documentaries(记录片) we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood. In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies. Now, in our cinem

28、as, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in Europe. American culture is a part of Spanish life now. Its certain that many things from America are as much a part of peoples lives as Spanish things. For example, Coca Cola is as familiar to ev

29、erybody as any typical Spanish product. Ive known about Coca Cola for my whole life. However, its different with Western fast food. For example, I dont think McDonalds is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries. In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the Spanish people,

30、 The Spanish people normally eat at home. On the other hand, maybe McDonalds hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas. Its true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonalds, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adults. In any case, its obvious t

31、hat American culture is becoming more and more a part of our lives every day. （1）From the first paragraph we can know that . A.the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere.B.most Spanish people dont like to listen to their own music,C.fast food spreads from Spain to the United States.D.some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skills.（2）What plays an important part in the spreading of Ame