中考英语总复习第三部分中考题型攻略篇题型5阅读理解精讲试题.docx

1、中考英语总复习第三部分中考题型攻略篇题型5阅读理解精讲试题题型五阅读理解,贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势阅读技能是学生综合语言应用能力的一个重要方面，也是初中英语学业考试的重点。贵阳市中考阅读理解部分的具体题型及赋分如下：题号 题型 内容 题数 小题分值 分值小计 赋分阅读理解 选择填空型阅读理解(要求考生阅读两篇阅读材料，根据语篇内容从各题所给的三个选项中选择最佳答案。)句子还原型阅读理解(要求考生根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选择五个句子填入短文空白处，使其文理通顺。) 15 2 30 30任务型阅读阅读语篇，根据短文内容完成表格或句子(要求考生阅读两篇语言材料，捕捉信息，对信息进行二次加工，如

2、推理、归纳、总结等，基于语篇完成表格或句子。) 10 2 20 20阅读理解A篇文体多为记叙文，2015年首次出现了诗歌，话题主要是关于人物经历及感受、跨文化介绍、励志故事、青少年谈话等。词数是220词左右。形式可为短文、表格、2015年出现的叙事诗等。考查方式上多为4道细节理解题和1道主旨大意题，设题形式以探究型选择为主。阅读理解B篇主要为说明文或记叙文，话题主要为科学类说明文，也有励志故事类记叙文，考查方式上多为3、4道推理判断题，偶尔考查1道细节理解题或词义猜测题，设题形式也是探究型选择。阅读理解C篇主要为记叙文，但也可能是说明文或应用文，话题多涉及幽默故事、咨询建议、特殊人物类介绍、跨

3、文化介绍等。词数在270300词，考查方式为句子还原，多为六个句子，其中有5个句子要还原在短文中。,解题方法与技巧阅读篇章素材题材广泛，体裁多样。中考英语阅读理解着重考查通过阅读，正确理解各种题材和体裁的书面材料以及从中获取信息、理解信息和二次加工信息的能力。故阅读理解常见的题型有：1正确理解语篇的主旨大意。2找出文章细节。3找出词汇隐含意思。4理解文章基本结构。5找出作者的思想观点及态度。还考查能对语篇进行简单推理判断的能力；能根据上下文猜测词义的能力；能从文字、图表中获取信息等能力。按照贵阳市中考英语惯例，阅读理解分为两大题型：阅读理解客观题、任务型阅读。其中，阅读理解客观题多为单项选择，

4、任务型阅读则为贵阳市特色题型，还原句子。了解阅读理解的题型之后，下面为大家分类介绍相应的解题技巧。A阅读理解客观题一、阅读原文，理解大意首先读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清文章脉络。二、审读题目，正确判断读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个待判定问题的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的关键词，然后寻找该关键词在文章中所在的句子及段落，依据短文内容对试题所给出的问题进行判断，从而得出正确答案。常见阅读理解的考查方式有以下几种形式：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、标题归纳题与数字计算题。三、重读原文，复核检查完成各小题后必须将短文重读一遍，加深对短文的理解，

5、在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对有些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。(2016贵阳初中毕业生学业考试)AAre you aged between 13 and 19 years old？Do you care about your local environment？Would you like to help make the area you live in cleaner，safer and friendlier?If your answers are “yes”，then read on! Here are a few easy things you could do to ge

6、t started.Neighborhood watchNeighborhood watch forms are very popular in the UK.If you go away on holiday and leave your house，its very nice to know that a neighbor is keeping_an_eye_on it.Its a good way to make the area you live in safer.Lending a handThere are often elderly people living in the ne

7、ighborhood who may not be able to do the things that you can.Offer to do their shopping once a week，look after their garden for them or maybe walk their dog! No litteringNobody likes picking up other peoples rubbish，but a clean street can make all the difference.Take it in turns to go out once or tw

8、ice a week and see what you can find.RecyclingNearly twothirds of your rubbish can be recycled.Some areas already provide places for people to recycle bottles，plastic and paper.Find out if this is done in your neighborhood.If its not，do something about it.If you are interested in our project，just te

9、ll us! You can email us at help a first.org and well send you more details.()1._ is a good way to make the area you live in safer.ANeighborhood watchBLending a hand CNo littering()2.The underlined phrase “keeping an eye on” probably means “_”Aworrying aboutBgiving away Clooking after()3.You can _ if

10、 you want to get more information about the project.Asend an email Bmake a phone call Cread the newspaper()4.This passage is mainly written for _Aelderly people Bneighbors Cteenagers()5.The writer wants to tell us how to _Ahelp look after neighbors gardens and dogsBimprove the environment of the loc

11、al areaCprovide places for people to recycle things【主旨大意】本文是一篇讲述关于一个邻里互助的项目的招聘。招聘13至19岁爱护环境和喜欢打扫、爱护居住环境的青少年。1A【解析】推理判断题。题干意为： _是一个让你生活的地方更安全的好方法。A.邻里守望；B.伸出援手； C不乱扔垃圾。根据第三段最后一句“Its a good way to make the area you live in safer”，故选A。2C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：画线短语“keeping an eye on”的大概意思是_。A.担心；B.赠送；C.照顾。根据本段的

12、小标题“邻里守望”就可以看出来，故选C。3A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你可以 _如果你想得到更多关于这个项目的信息。A.发送邮件；B.打电话；C.阅读报纸。根据最后一段最后一句话“You can email us at help a first.org and well send you more details”，故选A。4C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章主要为了 _写的。A.老年人；B.邻居们；C.青少年。根据文章第一句话“Are you aged between 13 and 19 years old？”，故选C。5B【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：作者想告诉我们怎样 _。A.

13、帮助照顾邻居的花园和狗；B.改善当地的环境；C.为人们提供回收物品的场所。根据文章的第一段可以看出全文的主旨是改善当地环境，故选B。BGina stood quietly on the left side of the stage.She wore a new pink dress.Her dancing shoes were bright and shining.1._ She was ready.The music started to play.It was nearly time for her to move onto the stage.She looked quickly and

14、 secretly at the hall.The seats were all full.2._ All were looking at the stage and listening to the music.She could feel the excitement in the air.They had come to see her perform.Suddenly Gina began to feel nervous.3._ Her breathing was fast and she felt like she was unable to move.She dried her s

15、weaty hands on her dress.Her knees began to shake and she felt weak.She was not sure that she could do this after all.4_ They were both smiling and looked so excited.Gina thought of all the long hours she had worked on her dancing and the many times her parents had waited while she practiced.She mov

16、ed her foot slightly.She could feel the pain on her feet.It was from all those times of doing the same dance steps over and over again.Her body still ached from the hours of training.She had cried often when things got really difficult，but she had never given up her dream to perform on stage.One mor

17、e look at her parents，and she realized they were nervous for her，too.Gina breathed deeply and stood up tall.5._ It was time.She pointed a foot and moved gently onto the stage.She forgot her nerves and her fear.This was where she belongeddancing on stage!AHer heart beat fast.BShe was very excited.CSh

18、e saw so many faces.DHer hair was tied up neatly.EShe looked again and saw her parents.FThe music was calling her to come onto that stage.【主旨大意】文章讲述了一个即将进行舞蹈表演的女孩吉娜在上台之前很紧张，她在内心做了一番心理挣扎之后，最终还是踏出了登上舞台的那一步。1D【解析】选项意为：她的头发很整齐。根据第一段内容看出第一段主要写外貌特点，故选D。2C【解析】选项意为：她看见很多面孔。根据前一句“The seats were all full.”可以看

19、出在场的人很多，故选C。3A【解析】选项意为：她心跳加速。根据后一句“Her breathing was fast and she felt like she was unable to move.”可以看出她很紧张，故选A。4E【解析】选项意为：她又看了看她的父母。根据后两句“They were both smiling and looked so excited.Gina thought of all the long hours she had worked on her dancing and the many times her parents had waited while sh

20、e practiced.”提到了她的父母，故选E。5F【解析】选项意为：音乐在召唤她登上那个舞台。根据后两句“It was time.She pointed a foot and moved gently onto the stage.”可以选出答案F。(2017贵阳初中毕业生学业考试)ACompassIt was a great gift to the world from ancient China.Before it was invented，sailors had to depend on the stars to find direction.After it was invente

21、d，the oceans were open to travel.And many new discoveries were made with the help of it.GunpowderIt was one of the greatest inventions.It is said that in the 3rd century a Chinese man wrote about how to make it.At first，it was used for making fireworks.At the end of the Tang Dynasty，people began to

22、use it in wars.The method of making it was brought to the Arab world and Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries.PapermakingChina was the first country in the world to make paper.During the Western Han Dynasty(202B.C. 9A.D.)，paper was made in some places in China.It was developed in the Eastern Han Dy

23、nasty(25A.D. 220A.D.) by Cai Lun.He made paper with bark，ropes，rags and so on.Before it was invented，the ancient Chinese carved characters on animal bones and stones.They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.PrintingIt was developed in 10411048 in the Song Dynasty.A man named Bi Sheng carved

24、characters on pieces of clay and wood.Then he put ink on them.After the characters were printed on paper，the pieces of clay or wood could be used again.This technology then spread to Korea，Japan and Europe.It was the basic method at that time.( A )1.After the _ was invented，the oceans were open to t

25、ravel.AcompassBprinting Cgunpowder( B )2.At first，gunpowder was used for _Afinding direction Bmaking fireworks Ccarving characters( C )3._ developed papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty.ASome sailors BBi Sheng CCai Lun( B )4.Printing was developed in the _ATang Dynasty BSong Dynasty CHan Dynasty(

26、C )5.The best title for the reading material is _AThe Four Dynasties of Ancient ChinaBThe Four Great Inventors of Ancient ChinaCThe Four Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaBIn the city of Guiyang，China，lives a girl named Li Fang.When she was a teenager，she dreamed of going to the United States.1._F_ “

27、I had a picture of the daddy sitting in the living room，the mommy doing some cooking and their kids playing games on the floor.”Li Fang decided to go to college in California.When she arrived，however，it was not the dream world she had imagined.“People were struggling with problems and often seemed u

28、nhappy and too busy，” she said.“2._A_”One of her most difficult classes was PE.When the class played volleyball，the other students were good at it，but she wasnt.One afternoon，the PE.teacher had Li Fang hit the ball to her teammates so that they could knock it over the net.It was not a big deal for m

29、ost people，but it made Li Fang scared.3._E_A young man on her team seemed to understand what she was going through.He walked up to her and whispered(小声说)，“4._B_”Li Fang said，“You will never understand how those words of encouragement made me feel.Four words：You can do that.I felt like crying with ha

30、ppiness.” Perhaps she thanked the young man，but he cant remember it.Six years has passed.Li Fang is back in China，working as a salesclerk.“I have never forgotten the words.5._D_” she said，“I am sure the young man had no idea how much his kindness meant to me.He probably doesnt even remember it.From

31、this experience，I have learned a lesson.Whenever you say something to a personcruel or kindyou have no idea how long the words will stay with them.” She is back in China.But still she hears those four simple words：You can do that.AI felt very lonely.BCome on.You can do that.CDont worry.I can help you.DWhen things are not going well，I think of them.EShe was afraid of failing and being laughed at by others.FMost of what she knew about American life was from textbooks.B任务型阅读任务型阅