跨文化交际自主学习资料docgzip.docx

1、跨文化交际自主学习资料docgzip跨文化交际课程自学材料 Part One Defining Culture 一 讨论题 1. How do you think culture and communication are related? 2. What are the barriers you experienced in intercultural communication? And how did you handle them? 3. Work in groups to decide which of the following belong to overt culture an

2、d which to covert: A. What and how people eat B. How to keep healthy C. How to raise children D. How to do business E. How to use time F. How to introduce people G. How to participate in ceremonies H. Rules for facial expressions and eye contact I. Rituals J. Etiquette K. Work speed L. What is right

3、 or wrong, beautiful or ugly, clean or dirty, good or bad, etc. M. Theories of disease, sin, death, god or gods, sanity, self, etc. 4. Can you add more to the above list? Which of them do you think are more likely to cause problems in intercultural communication? And why do you think they are? 二、分析、

4、解答题 Please read the following example (taken from Scollon & Scollon, 2000) and study how communication is affected by culture. Two men meet on a plane from Tokyo to Hong Kong. Chu Hon-fei is a Hong Kong exporter who is returning from a business trip to Japan. Andrew Richardson is an American buyer o

5、n his first business trip to Hong Kong. It Is a convenient meeting for them because Mr. Chus company sells some of the products Mr. Richardson has some to Hong Kong to buy. After a bit of conversation they introduce themselves to each other. Mr. Richardson: By the way, Im Andrew Richardson. My frien

6、ds call me Andy. This is my business card. Mr. Chu: Im David Chu. Pleased to meet you, Mr. Richardson. This is my card. Mr. Richardson: No, no. Call me Andy. I think well be doing a lot of business together. Mr. Chu: Yes, I hope so. Mr. Richardson (reading Mr. Chus card ) : Chu, Hon-fei. Hon-fei, Il

7、l give you a call tomorrow as soon as I get settled at my hotel. Mr Chu (smiling): Yes, Ill expect your call. When these two men separate, they leave each other with very different impressions of the situation. Mr. Richardson is very pleased to have made the acquaintance of Mr. Chu and feels they ha

8、ve gotten off to a very good start. They have established their relationship on a first-name basis and Mr. Chus smile seems to 1 / 26 indicate that he will be friendly and easy to do business with. Mr. Richardson is very particularly pleased that he has treated Mr. Chu with respect for his Chinese b

9、ackground by calling him Hon-fei rather than using the western name, David, which seems to him an unnecessary imposition of western culture. In contrast, Mr. Chu feels quite uncomfortable with Mr. Richardson. He feels it will be difficult to work with him, and that Mr. Richardson might be rather ins

10、ensitive to cultural differences. He is particularly bothered that Mr. Richardson used his given name, Hon-fei, instead of either David or Mr. Chu. How do you account for their different impressions? Does culture play a role in the communication between these two men? (You may turn to 跨文化交际自学参考答案) 三

11、、思考题： 1. We have learned some characteristics of culture. For example, culture is learned. Culture can be learned through diverse ways, proverbs being one of them. Now study the following proverbs and decide what value(s) they represent, which of them are still strong in the American culture and the

12、 Chinese culture respectively, and which dont apply any longer. Proverbs 1. Blood is thicker than water. 2. Sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander. 3. Too many cooks spoil the broth. 4. The early bird catches the worm. 5. God helps those who help themselves. 6. Haste makes waste. 7. Time is mon

13、ey. 8. A mans home is his castle. 9. Think three times before you take action. 10. Modesty makes you progress。 conceitedness makes you lag behind. (You may turn to 跨文化交际自学参考答案) 2. Read the following and think about the questions: Some years ago, several international businessmen were on a conference

14、 cruise when the ship began to sink. “Go tell those fellows to put on life jackets and jump overboard,” the captain directed his first mate. A few minutes later the first mate returned. “Those guys wont jump,” he reported. “Take over,” the captain ordered, “And Ill see what I can do.” Returning mome

15、nts later, he announced, “Theyre gone.” “Howd you do it?” asked the first mate. “I told different things to different people. I told the Englishman it was the sporting thing to do, and he jumped. I told the Frenchman it was _。 the German that it was a command。 the Italian that it was _。 the Russian

16、that it was _。 so they jumped overboard.” “And how did you get the American to jump?” “No problem,” said the captain, “I told him he was _!” Questions: 1) Can you decide to whom each of the following words was actually used by the captain? 2 / 26 Revolutionary forbidden chic insured 2) If there had

17、been a Chinese businessman on board, what should the captain say in order to make him jump overboard? 3) What do you think of the story? Does it tell you something that is true of people of those different nations? (You may turn to 跨文化交际自学参考答案) Part Two Communication and Culture 一、讨论题 1. Study the f

18、ollowing two versions of the same spoken discourse presented in a business meeting between a Hong Kong Chinese and an AngloNorth American businessman. Decide in small groups, which one might be given by a Chinese and which by an American. Why？ A. Because most of our production is done in China now,

19、and its not really certain how Hong Kong will be like after 1997, and since I think a certain amount of caution in committing to TV advertisement is necessary because of the expense. So, I suggest that we delay making our decision until after Legco makes its decision.(Scollon & Scollon, 2000) B. I s

20、uggest that we delay making our decision until after Legco makes its decision. Thats because I think a certain amount of caution in committing to TV advertisement is necessary because of the expense. In addition to that, most of our production is done in China now, and its not really certain how Hon

21、g Kong will be like after 1997.( Scollon & Scollon, 2000) (You may turn to 跨文化交际自学参考答案) 2. Can you find some cases in which 是 in Chinese does not mean “yes” in English? 3. How would you put the following into Chinese? a) Do you like the new school? Yes, I will. b) Please dont say that. - Yes, I will

22、. c) I know what he wants. - Yes? -Money! d) Waiter! - Yes, sir. e) Yes? - Id like two tickets, please. f) Everything will be all right soon, yes? Saying “no” seems to be more complicated. Sometimes “no” may mean “maybe” given the right time and circumstances. This is quite important in interpersona

23、l relations and in politics. Look at the following sex-biased joke: Whats the difference between a lady and a diplomat? When a diplomat says “yes”, he means maybe. When a diplomat says “maybe”, he means no. When a diplomat says “no”, hes no diplomat. When a lady says “no”, she means “maybe”. When a

24、lady says “maybe”, she means “yes”. When a lady says “yes”, shes no lady all! 4. What are you going to do if you are in the following situations? Why or why not? 3 / 26 A. When you are offered a drink the taste of which you find very unpleasant. B. When your friends ask if you will go to a picnic wi

25、th them and you do not feel like going. C. When you are asked about the meaning of an English word that you do not know. D. When you are asked whether you agree with a professors idea about learning English that you do not quite appreciate E. When you find yourself in class unable to answer the ques

26、tion the teacher asks you. F. When someone asks for your finished homework to copy and you do not like to comply. G. When you are asked by your parents about your problems in your studies and you do not really like to. 5. Why do people in countries like Japan and China often refuse to say “no” direc

27、tly? 6. What problems may arise in intercultural communication because of such indirect ways of saying “no”? 二、思考题 1. The following are two letters, one in Chinese and the other in English. Compare them to see if there is similarity in their discourse patterns. 尊敬的节目主持人： 我作为贵台英语教案节目和你喜欢的歌节目的忠实听众已有好几

28、年的历史了。我认为贵台的这两个节目办得非常好。 请让我做个自我介绍：我是一名中学生，今年十八岁，我的家乡是一个边疆小城，文化活动办得也不错。由于我是喜欢学习英语，所这方面的电台节目比较注意，但是因为中央人民广播电台的英语节目比较深奥，不适合我学习，所以我一直从贵台的英语节目里得到听力、会话能力训练。这种训练使我受益匪浅。随着课程难度一步步的提高，我深感没有一本教材，学习回遇到很多困难。因为这个原因，我抽出时间给贵台写这封信，希望能得到一本贵台英语节目的教材。教材的费用请来信告知。 另外，我希望得到贵台印制的年历，并祝您们的节目办得更加有趣。 Dear Professor X, How are

29、you? Please pardon me for bothering you while you are so busy. But there is one thing on which I need your help. I am a lover of English, but for a long time I have not been able to study English systemically. Now I am staying at home on sick leave and it occurred to me that I should take it up seri

30、ously. I went to the Foreign Language Book Store in our provincial capital and had a look. I found the English textbook, which you edited, suits my level. But the store had no tapes. Could you please tell me where I can get the tapes through mail order and how much I need to pay? Besides, the textbo

31、ok has only two volumes. Is there supplementary material to accompany them? Can I get both the books and the tapes through mail order? I am almost thirty years old, but learned only at secondary school. I like it very much and it will be useful for future work. So I want to begin from the beginning and I wonder if the book is right for me. I look forward to hearing from you. Questions 1) What do you think of the two letters above? What do they have in common though they are written in different languages? 2) When you are making a requ