人教版英语八年级下unit4讲解与练习.docx

1、人教版英语八年级下unit4讲解与练习Unit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents?1. I have to study too much so I don t get enough sleep.1) 此处 so 为连词，意为“因此，所以” ，引导结果状语从句。例： He had a bad cold yesterday so he didn t go to school.中考链接（ 2012.广东） Ben was busy taking a training class, we had to wait for him for half an hour.

2、A. so B. if C. or D. But2) 此处 sleep 为不可数名词，意为 “睡觉，睡眠 ” 例： Do you ever talk in your sleep？【拓展】 sleep (slept, slept) 也可作不及物动词，意为 “睡觉”例： She goes to sleep at nine o clock every night.2. I have too much homework so I don t have any free time to do things I like. 1)词语辨析Too much:词义 可修饰 举例Much too:词义 可修饰 举

3、例Too many:词义 可修饰 举例2) 此处 to do things 为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词 time.例： Would you like something ?你想要吃点什么吗？3. My parents don t allow me to hang out with my friends.1) 此处 allow 作及物动词，意为 “允许”Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事例句： I can t allow you to talk to Mom like that.【拓展】 a. Allow sth. 允许某事b. Allow doing sth. 允许

4、做某事2）此处 hang out (hung out) 意为 “闲逛，溜达 ” 例： He often hangs out with his friends.4. I m really tired because I studied until midnight last night.此处 until 为介词，意为 “直到.为止”，同义词为 till. It may last until tomorrow.【拓展】 until 为连词，意为 “直到 为止”，引导时间状语从句。I will stay with you until your mother comes back.5. Why don

5、 t you go to sleep earlier this evening?辨析： go to sleep, go to bed与 sleepGo to sleep: 去睡“觉，入睡 ”，强调动作Go to bed: 去睡“觉 ”，表示上床去睡这个动作，与 get up 相对Slept：“睡觉”，不及物动词，强调睡的全过程，为延续性动词例：He often goes to bed at nine.He went to sleep early, for he was very tired. She sleeps for just six hours.6. I am not good at w

6、riting letters.Be good at意为“擅长，在 .（方面）做得好 ”，后面接名词、代词或动名词。其同义短语为 do well in.He is good at maths. = He does well in maths.辨析：Be good at: Be good for: Be good to :擅长“，善于，在 .（方面）做得好 ”，后面接表示事物的动名词、代词或动名词对.“.有益（有用） ”，后面接表示人或物的名词或代词对.“.好（和善） ”，后面接人或人格化的名词或代词Be good with: 与“.相处的好 ”，后面接表示人的名词或代词7. I don t wa

7、nt to talk about it on the phone.Talk about 意为“谈论”，后面接人或事。例： He talked about his plan.8. Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.Look through 意为“翻阅，浏览，仔细看 ”，为“动词+介词”短语，后面接物。例： Look through your notes before the exam.9. Although she s wrong, it s not a big deal.1) although 作连词，意为

8、“虽然，尽管 ”，引导让步状语从句。（ 2012. 江西） the girl is only nine, she takes care of her brother and cooks meals every day.A. If B. Because C. Although D. As2） big deal 为习语，用于口语，意为 “什么大不了的事，重要的事，要人 ”。例： It s no big deal! I can find another job any time.3） deal 名词，意为 “协议，交易 ”例： I would like to make a deal with you

9、.【拓展】 a. Deal 作名词，意为 “大量”，航用于短语 a good/great deal (of sth.中)例： She reads a good/great deal of books.b. Deal 作不及物动词，常与介词 with 连用，意为 “处理，应付 ”How did you deal with the bike?10. My problem is that I can t get on with my family.Get on with sb.意为“和某人和睦相处，和某人关系很好 ”，同义短语为 get along (well)withsb.例： She cant

10、get on with her sister.【拓展】 a.get on with sth.(=get along with sth.)意为“取得进展 ” 例： I am not getting on very fast with this work.b.get on (=get along) 意为“进展，进步 ”，后接副词或用于 how 引导的疑问句中。例： Linda is getting on well at school.11. They fight a lot, and I really don t like it. A lot 此处修饰动词 fight ，意为 “很，非常，常常 ”

11、。例： She laughed a lot.【拓展】 a.a lot 可与形容词或副词比较级连用，意为 “很，非常 ”例： I am feeling a lot better today.b.a lot of (或 lots of)作形容词，修饰复数名词或不可数名词，意为 “许多，大量 ”。例： There are a lot of people in the park.12. I don t know if I should say anything to them about this.If 作连词，此处引导宾语从句，意为 “是否”，同义词为 whether.例： I don t know

12、 it/whether he will come.【拓展】 if 作连词，还常用来引导条件状语从句，意为 “如果，假如 ” 例： We will go to play football if it doesn t rain tomorrow.13. When they argue, it s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 1） argue 此处用作不及物动词，意为 “争吵，争论 ”。、例： The boy argued with his mother about his homework.2）此处 like 作介词，意为 “像 一

13、样”。例： I am going to be a pop star like Micheal Jackson.辨析： like 与 asLike: 像“ 一样”，作介词，用于说明相似关系，指两者在形态上或性质上有相似之处As: “作为，看作 ”，作介词，用于说明同一关系，指身份、资格等。对比：He works like a worker.He works as a worker.3）此处 over 作介词，意为 “在 上方”例： The sun is shining over our head.14. Also, my elder brother is not nice to me.Elder

14、 形容词，意为 “年纪较长的 ”，是 old 的一种比较级形式，主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系。例: His elder sister is at school.辨析： elder 与 olderElder: 年纪较长的，只可指人，用来比较年龄长幼，尤指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，只能作定语Older：年龄较大的，较老的，较旧的，可指人，也可指物，在句中可作定语，也可作表语填空： My sister is three years than I.15. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 1）instead作副词，意为

15、“代替，反而，却 ”，修饰整个句子作状语。例： Jack was ill, so I went instead.He never works, instead he plays all day and all night.中考链接（ 2011.江苏徐州） We have no coffee. Let s have tea A.eitheBr .howeverC.yet D.instead2）whatever 作代词，意为 “任何事物，无论什么 ”，引导名词性从句。例： You can eat whatever you like.【拓展】 whatever 作连接代词，意为 “无论什么 ”，引导

16、让步状语从句。例： Don t change your plans, whatever happens.16. At home I always feel lonely and nervous.Nervous 形容词，意为 “焦虑的，担忧的，紧张的 ” 例： He got nervous at the English exam.17. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.Offer 常作及物动词， 意为“主动提出， 自愿给予， 提供”。常见结构为： offer to do sth., offer sb. s

17、th. 和 offer sth. to sb.词语辨析： offer 和 provideOffer：“愿意给予，主动提出 ”，常用于 offer sb. sth. 或 offer sth. to sb. 结构Provide：为做好准备而 “提供，供给 ”，常用于 provide sb. with sth. 或 provide sth. for sb.结构（ 2013.山东莱芜） The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.A. lent B.offered C.took D.brought18. You should ex

18、plain that you don t mind him watching TV all the time. 1）explain 常用作及物动词，意为 “解释，说明 ”例： Could you explain the meaning of the word?【拓展】 explain 的名词形式为 explanation例 ： He left the room without explanation. 2）mind sb. doing sth. 意为“介意某人做某事 ” 例： Would you mind me smoking here?19. My cousin borrows my thi

19、ngs without returning them?此处 return 作及物动词，意为 “归还”，相当于 give.back。例： You must return them next Monday.20. You left your homework at home.此处 leave 作及物动词，意为 “遗留，未拿或未带 ”，在汉语中常说 “忘记”。例： I left my bag on the bus.词语辨析： leave 和 forgetLeave：“遗留，落下 ”，指把某物忘在某地Forget：“忘记”，指由于记忆上的忽略而忘记了某人或某事填空：She her keys in th

20、e room. I her address.【拓展】 a.leave作不及物动词，意为 “离开”。例： It s time for us to leave.b.leave作及物动词，还有 “离开，留下，剩下 ”等意思。例： He left his hometown at the age of 15.中考链接（ 2013.河北襄阳） - Show me your hometown, Dave?-Sorry, Mrs. Brown. I ve it at home. A.missed B.forgotten C.lost D.left21. You are afraid of speaking i

21、n front of people. Afraid 作形容词，意为 “怕，害怕 ”【拓展】 afraid 的用法Be afraid of sb./sth.害怕某人或某物Be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事，侧重主语担心，害怕某事发生Be afraid to do sth.不敢或害怕做某事，侧重主语不敢做某事Be afraid +that 从句 恐怕，多用于客气地提出个人意见或看法23. Your best friend does not trust you any more. Not.any more 意为“不再”，相当于 no more1. My parents giv

22、e me a lot of pressure about school.Pressure不可数名词，意为 “压力”。例： Parents often give their children so much pressure.【拓展】与 pressure相关的短语： Under pressure压力之下Put pressure on sb向. 某人施压2. Others are practicing sports so that then can compete and win.Compete不及物动词，意为 “竞争，参加比赛 ”。例： Five children competed in the

23、 race.Competition 名词，竞争 competitor 名词，竞争者，对手3. However, this doesn t only happen in China.However 此处作连词，意为 “然而，可是 ”，表示转折关系。例： She felt ill, however, she went to work.辨析： however 与 butHowever：转折意味比 But 弱，连接的两个分句或有关部分的关系较为松弛，后一部分常起附带说明或衬托作用， however 常以插入语形式出现在句子中间，前后用逗号隔开，也可置于句首或句末。But: 连接两个分句或有关部分，表示

24、转折关系，使用最广，口语中更为常见。填空：I d love to go,He disagreed at first. Later,I m too busy., he changed his mind.【拓展】 a.however作连词，意为 “无论怎样 ”，引导让步状语从句。例： You can travel however you like.B. however 作副词，意为 “无论如何，不管多少 ”例： She leaves her bedroom window open, however cold it is.4. I really want them to be successful.

25、Successful 形容词，意为 “成功的 ”，可作表语或定语；作表语时，常用结构 be successful in.填空： The operation was very .手术很成功。He his studies他. 在学业上很成功。【拓展】 a.success做不可数名词，意为 “成功，成名 ”；用作可数名词，意为 “成功者，达到目的的人或事 ”例： Failure is the mother of success.b.succeed作不及物动词，意为 “成功，达到目的 ”，后面可接介词短语 in sth./doing sth.例： He succeeded in saving the

26、boy s life.5. However,the tired children don t get home until after 7:00 p. M. Not.until. 意为“直到.才. ”例： They didn t finish the work until yesterday.注意： until 前若为肯定结构，其谓语必须是延续性动词， until 前若为否定结构，其谓语既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。中考链接（ 2012. 重庆） I didn t believe he could drive he told me.A.once B.while C.since D.

27、until6. In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older. 1)competition 可数名词，意为 “比赛，竞争 ”。例： He came first in the writing competition.【拓展】 compete为 competition 的动词形式，意为 “比赛，竞争 ” 例： We can compete with the best team.2) 此处 continue 作不及物动词，意为 “继续，持续 ”，相当于 go on.例： T

28、he students must continue at school until July.The earthquake continued for two minutes.【拓展】 continue作及物动词，后面常接名词、动名词或动词不定式。例： Let s continue our meeting.He continued writing until he died. They continued to meet daily.（2012.辽宁大连） Dr. Bethune working in spite of cutting his hand during an operation.

29、A.stopped B.continued C.forgot D.enjoyed7. And they are always comparing them with other children.1） always 副词，意为 “总是，始终 ”，此处用于进行时，表示再三的、多次的重复行为，常带有厌恶、赞扬等感情色彩，不表示某时刻正在发生的动作。例： The little girl is always crying.2） 此处 compare作及物动词，意为 “比较；对比 ”。例： We compared this picture with that one.辨析： compare.with.

30、与 compare.to.Compare.with.把.与 比较，常用于两个同类事物之间，着重区别例： She compares me with my brother.Compare.to.把.比 ，常用于两个不同性质的事物比较例： We often compare children to flowers.8. People shouldn t push their kids so hard.此处 push 作及物动词，其比喻意思是 ”逼迫（某人）做某事，敦促 ”。例： Dont push him so hard.【拓展】 push的基本意思为 “推动，移动，按 ”，可作及物动词，也可作不及物

31、动词。例： I pushed the car but it didn t move.词语辨析： push 与 pullPush: 推，指施加给某人或某物一个向前或向后的力，反义词为 pull Pull: 拉，拖，指用手把某物用力地向自己的方向拉并使其移动。9. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child s development.Development 此处作不可数名词，意为 “发育，发展，成长 ”。例： These vegetables are good for the healthy development of children.【拓展】 a.develop意为 “发展，发展，发达 ”，可作及物或不及物动词。例： Swimming will develop many different muscles.b.dev