高考英语阅读理解综合练习题含答案解析.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解综合练习题含答案解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 A typical child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible thinking, according to new research from Duke University. Better problem-solving was just one pos

2、itive finding of the study, said lead author Sarah Gaither, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke. After thinking about their own various identities, children also showed more flexible thinking about race and other social groupingsa behavior that could be valuable in an incre

3、asingly diverse society. In a series of experiments, Gaither and her colleagues looked at 196 children, ages 6 and 7. In an experiment, one group of children was reminded that they had various identities, such as son, daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their multi

4、ple physical attributes, such as a mouth, arms and legs. All the children then needed to handle a few tasks Children who were reminded of their various identities showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. When shown pictures of a bear staring at honey-filled beehive(蜂窝)high up in

5、 a tree, these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl so that it became a stool(凳子). In other words, they saw a new use for the bowl. Children who were reminded of their multiple roles also showed more flexible thinking about social groupin

6、gs. When asked to categorize different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to Spso. They identified smiling faces such as unsmiling ones, and old and young faces. The other children, meanwhile, primarily grouped peoples faces by race and gender(性别). The-study suggests ways to promote flexible

7、thinking for the young, which could be especially valuable for teachers. Gaither said. We have this tendency in our society to only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time, Gaither said. When kids think that they have various identities, they show greater abilities.（1）

8、What are all the kids asked to do in the experiments? A.Play different kinds of roles.B.Remind others of their roles.C.Approach several tasks.D.Classify a group of tasks.（2）How does the author mainly clarify the conclusions of the study in paragraph 4? A.By giving examples.B.By using experts words.C

9、.By listing a few figures.D.By showing cause and effect.（3）What can we learn from Sarah Gaithers words? A.Improving 5 kids flexible thinking ability is important teaching.B.Kids tend to behave selflessly after thinking about their roles.C.Kids creative thinking ability is easy to discover and develo

10、p.D.Teachers are supposed to make the most of the kids flexibility.（4）What is the best title for the text? A.Kids Social Abilities Are Consistent with. Their Education.B.Considering Their Various Roles Improves Kids Abilities.C.Kids Have a Variety of Identities in Their Daily Life.D.Problem-solving

11、Ability Is Necessary for Most Kids.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了让孩子知道自己有不同的角色可以提高孩子解决问题的能力和创造性思维能力。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“All the children then needed to handle a few tasks. ”可知，所有的孩子都被要求处理一些任务。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第四段可推断，第四段主要使用了两个例子来阐明实验得出的结论。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The study suggests simple w

12、ays to promote flexible thinking for the young,which could be especially valuable for teachers,，Gather sad. ”可知,提高孩子的灵活思维的方法对于老师是有价值的。 由此可推断,提高孩子的灵活性思维能力 在教育中是很重要的事。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文呢绍了孩子考虑自己的不同的角色可以提高孩子解决问题的能力和创造性思维能力。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括

13、归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isnt flat. Nope, your hair and nails dont grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and wont choke to death. Its debatable whether

14、 that last one there is common knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a question, shows articles addressing this point going back several years, with the latest (re)appearing just this week over on ScienceAlert. We suppose its one of those things that come up from time to

15、time, like what would happen if you attack Yellowstone with a nuclear weapon (not much, as it turns out). If you jump over to Bics website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly states: The reason that some BIC pens have a hole in their cap is to prevent the cap from comple

16、tely obstructing the airway if accidentally breathed in. This is requested by the international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large to be a choking risk. Thats rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy cust

17、omers, we thought wed share a few more random facts about Bic that are probably going to come up in a pub quiz one day. Did you know, for example, that each Bic ballpoint pen can produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 m

18、iles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard. The best part of the Bic site, however, is this rather curious fact: 100 percent of pen balls are made through a highly-controlled process. As opposed

19、to a highly uncontrolled process, involving explosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.（1）Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone? A.To list the facts.B.To prove his point.C.To compare the two situations.D.To emphasize the importance of safety.（2）What does the underlined w

20、ord obstructing in paragraph 2 mean? A.Block.B.Open.C.Transform.D.Narrow.（3）Why were the writing tests on pens carried out? A.To work out their lifespan.B.To assure their good quality.C.To prove some random facts.D.To compare different pens with each other.（4）In what tone does the author develop the

21、 text? A.Critical.B.Acid.C.Humorous.D.Serious.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。 （1）考查推理判断。毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观点，故选B。 （2）考查词义猜测。此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的In fa

22、ct, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能够达到最高的标准，故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth is

23、nt flat. Nope, your hair and nails dont grow after you die. 和第三段中的Thats rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 A science teacher from ru

24、ral Kenya who gives away most of his salary to help poorer students has been awarded the worlds best teacher and $ 1 million, beating 10,000 nominations from 179 countries. Peter Tabichi, 36, a maths and physics teacher at Keriko secondary school in Pwani Village, has won the Varkey Foundation Globa

25、l Teacher Prize 2019. Tabichi gives away 80% of his income to help the poorest students at the poorly-equipped and overcrowded school who could not otherwise afford uniforms and books. More than 90% of his students are from poor families and almost a third are orphans or have only one parent. Drug a

26、buse, teenage pregnancies, leaving off their studies, young marriages and suicide are common. Students have to walk 7 km along roads that can become impassable in the rainy season to reach the school and the area can be affected by drought and starvation. Despite only having one computer, a poor Int

27、ernet connection and a student-teacher ratio of 58:1, Tabichi started a talent nurturing club and expanded the schools science club, helping students design research projects of such quality that many now qualify for national competitions. His students have taken part in international science compet

28、itions and won an award from the Royal Society of Chemistry after using local plant life to generate electricity. Tabichi and four colleagues also give struggling students one-to-one tuition in maths and science, visiting students homes and meeting their families to identify the challenges they face

29、. Accepting the prize, Tabichi said Africas young people would no longer be held back by low expectations. Africa will produce scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs whose names will be one day famous in every corner of the world. he said.（1）What made Peter Tabichi win the prize in 2019? A.Giving a

30、way $ 1 million to education.B.Teaching in secondary schools for 36 years.C.Fighting drought and starvation in Africa.D.Helping the poorer students in rural Kenya.（2）Why did Tabichi start the talent nurturing club? A.To contribute most of his income.B.To expand national competitions.C.To guide stude

31、nts to design research projects.D.To encourage students to grasp opportunities.（3）Which of the following best describes Peter Tabichi as a teacher? A.Independent.B.Caring.C.Humorous.D.Interesting.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.African education cost is expected to get lower.B.Africa