课后阅读训练 Unit 4 Period 4.docx

1、课后阅读训练 Unit 4 Period 4课后阅读训练Unit 4Period 4. 阅读理解AWhen you meet someone for the first time, do you put across a good impression? And what do we mean by“good”in the context? According to Presence, a new book by Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy, people assess you on two main criteria when th

2、ey first meet you: 1. Can I trust this person? 2. Can I respect this person? Your level of trustworthiness, or warmth, is the most important factor in how people initially admire you, Cuddy says-yet many mistakenly believe that the second factor, characterized as competence, is more important. “From

3、 an evolutionary aspect, ”Cuddy writes, “it is more important to our survival to know whether a person deserves our trust. ”While displaying competence is certainly beneficial, particularly in a work setting, Cuddy warns that focusing on winning peoples respect, while failing to win their trust, can

4、 backfirea common problem for young professionals attempting to make a good impression early on in their careers. “If someone youre trying to influence doesnt trust you, youre not going to get very far”, Cuddy says, “A warm, trustworthy person who is also strong elicits(博得)admiration, but only after

5、 youve established trust does your strength become a gift rather than a threat. ”In Cuddys book she also explains some of the science that can help you spot a liar. When a person is lying there are likely to be differences between what they are saying and what they are doing, she suggests. “Lying is

6、 hard work, ”she writes, “Were telling one story while suppressing another, and most of us are experiencing psychological guilt about doing this, which were also trying to suppress. We just dont have the brainpower to manage it all without letting something go-without leaking. ”“Its about how well o

7、r poorly our multiple channels of communicationsfacial expressions, posture, movement, vocal qualities, speechco-operate, ”she adds. “When were consciously looking for signs of cheat or truth, we pay too much attention to words and not enough to the external body language, ”the professor adds. “Trut

8、h reveals itself more clearly through actions than it does through our words. ”【语篇概述】本文主要讲述与人相处时, 第一印象是要赢得他人信任, 而不是显示能力或赢得别人的尊重。1. According to Amy Cuddy, which is the most significant in putting across a good impression? A. Level of knowledge. B. Level of reliability. C. Level of competence. D. Lev

9、el of flexibility. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。按照Amy Cuddy的说法, 给人好印象最重要的是信任感。2. What is the meaning of the underlined word“backfire”in the passage? A. Cause something unpleasant to happen. B. Add more fuel to make a bigger fire. C. Have an unexpected and undesired effect. D. Walk backwards and make a fire. 【解析】选C。

10、词义猜测题。Amy Cuddy说“只注重赢得别人的尊重而不能赢得别人的信任, 结果会适得其反, 事与愿违”, 故选C。3. Which of the following is NOT true of Professor Cuddys concepts? A. Trust is more important than respect to win a good impression in meeting people for the first time. B. Young people tend to win peoples respect instead of winning peoples

11、 trust early on in their careers. C. How far away a person goes depends on whether he or she establishes trust among people around. D. Liars are unlikely to be identified in that their words match their actions well. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章中说说谎者很容易被人发现, 因为语言和行动总会有不一致的地方, 会露出马脚的, 所以D项描述不正确。4. What can be lea

12、rned according to the passage? A. Some people tend to think displaying competence to gain respect makes a good impression. B. A liar always experiences a feeling of guilt when a lie is leaked. C. When multiple channels of communication co-operate poorly, a liar can hardly be spotted. D. Words and ac

13、tions are equally significant in deciding whether a person is trustworthy. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。认为通过展示自己的能力而赢得别人的尊重就会给人好印象, 这是一部分人的观点, 所以选项A正确。不是所有说谎者都会有愧疚感, 故B不正确。如果交流的多种方式相互之间不能很好配合, 说谎者就很容易被发现, 故C不正确。行动比语言更能明确一个人是否值得信赖, 故D不正确。BFor many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go

14、 by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do? Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is w

15、illing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parentspoint of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped. In this article, Ill describe three no-win s

16、ituations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teens hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the childs failure to eat

17、 a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesnt matter what the topic ispolitics, the laws o

18、f physics, or the proper way to break an eggthe point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authoritysomeone who actually knows somethingand therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue

19、 to assume that they know more than the other, theyll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress. 【语篇概述】本文介绍了家长与孩子发生冲突的三种情况, 对家长与孩子的交流有直接的启示作用。5. Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict? A. Both can continue for generations. B. Both are abou

20、t where to draw the line. C. Neither has any clear winner. D. Neither can be put to an end. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段可直接判断答案为B项。6. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict. B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict

21、. C. The teens accuse their parents of misleading them. D. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents. 【解析】选A。句意理解题。由上文From the parents point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents complete unreasonableness. 可知父母在责备孩子的无理, 当然他们就以同样的方式回敬, 从而责备父母挑起冲突。7. Parents an

22、d teens want to be right because they want to_. A. give orders to the otherB. know more than the otherC. gain respect from the otherD. get the other to behave properly【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文中Third, needing to be right. It doesnt. . . and therefore to command respect. 可推断出C项符合题意。8. What will the author most

23、probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. Causes for the parent-teen conflicts. B. Examples of the parent-teen war. C. Solutions for the parent-teen problems. D. Future of the parent-teen relationship. 【解析】选C。篇章结构题。纵观全文得知本文只是提出了问题三种冲突情况, 接下来自然要解决问题; 重点关注最后一段第一句话中的“. . . and then suggest som

24、e ways out of the trap. ”, 所以C项最佳。. 完形填空Today, I was phoning at an ATM that was situated inside a petrol bunk. The security guard who was a 72-year-old man1reminded me that I could not2my cell phone inside the ATM. When I came outside, I had a strong3to talk with him. At first, I felt a little sympa

25、thetic(同情的). In my4, he seemed like a poor, elderly man who was still working at this ATM. I ended up5him. He spoke to me about his family, and6about his son and daughter. He told me that his7always cared for him, even though she was married herself. Then he8his boy, who“has a heart of stone”. He ad

26、vised me to save9for my old age, and I10him for his advice. As we11, he opened up quite a bit. He12loved telling me about his lifehis family, his limited income, and how the family were still13in spite of all the difficulties. I had nothing to give except time. I thought about giving him money, 14it

27、 didnt feel quite right. I had made the mistake in the past, and as we spoke, it became15that he wanted my time. Not my money. I did not want to take away his dignity(尊严)16giving him money. By the time the conversation17, I was close to tears. Ordinary peoplewhen given the opportunity to18their stor

28、yare real gems(难能可贵的人). Sometimes, time and presence are the best19you can give. It certainly made me20listening and be in the presence of this elderly man. 【语篇概述】本文是记叙文。在谈话中, 贫穷的老人谈论他的家人、有限的收入和快乐的日子, 作者一直在耐心地倾听。在作者看来, 倾听是给予老人最好的礼物。1. A. kindlyB. rudelyC. quietlyD. secretly【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。联系下文中作者和老人所进行

29、的友好交谈可以推知, 老人友好地(kindly)提醒作者。2. A. buy B. find C. hide D. use【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据上文中的I was phoning. . . 可知, 老人提醒作者不要在里面使用(use)手机。3. A. surprise B. methodC. wish D. order【解析】选C。词义辨析题。下文中作者介绍了他们谈话的内容, 由此可知作者有和他谈话的愿望(wish)。4. A. suggestion B. impressionC. attitude D. dream【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句中. . . he seemed like

30、 a poor, elderly man的语境说明此处指作者的印象(impression)。5. A. quarreling with B. listening toC. hearing from D. laughing at【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由文章最后一句It certainly made me. . . listening. . . 可知, 作者倾听(listening to)老人说话。6. A. immediately B. actuallyC. finally D. especially【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下文老人提到了自己的两个孩子, 所以这里指老人特别地(especi

31、ally)谈到他的儿子和女儿。7. A. boss B. friendC. daughter D. mother【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文中的Then he. . . his boy. . . 可知此处老人说到他的女儿(daughter)。8. A. described B. praisedC. introduced D. rescued【解析】选A。背景常识题。说完女儿之后, 老人又描述(described)他的儿子。9. A. time B. money C. energy D. life【解析】选B。词义辨析题。老人建议作者攒钱(money)养老。10. A. helped B.

32、 showedC. called D. thanked【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。作者感谢了(thanked)老人的建议。11. A. played B. worked C. spoke D. left【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。文中叙述了作者和老人的谈话, 所以此处是“当我们谈话(spoke)的时候”。12. A. simply B. hardlyC. nearly D. widely【解析】选A。词义辨析题。他只是(simply)喜欢谈论他的生活, 包括家人、收入等。13. A. busy B. nervous C. poor D. happy【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。联系in spite of al