专业八级 3Word下载.docx

1、ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. ANSWER SHEET ONE Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word（s） you fill in is （are） both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes. B How Interpreters

2、 Work?/B . Understanding A. About words and expressions （1） _ words may be left out: （1） _ If not knowing a key word or expression, a） admit or clarify the question if necessary, with the delegates. b） deduce from （2） _ （2） _ B. About ideas/concepts （3） _ of different kinds of texts that （3） _ a） pr

3、esent logical arguments b） present a sequence of （4） _ （4） _ c） are descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation identification of the main ideas analysis of ideas linked by （5） _ （5） _ . Memorization of a speech A. Objective to create a telegraphic version of the discourse to link its

4、different parts through its semantic-logical connections B. Means of memorization concentrating on the ideas connecting main ideas to a series of （6） _ （6） _ focusing on the links among the main ideas . （7） _ of the content in another language （7） _ A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the spe

5、ech. B. Suggestions:enriching ones general vocabulary and style following the press in ones native language watching TV, see movies, etc. in the （8） _ language （8） _ . Conclusion A. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication:make their own speech （9） _ the speeches they interpret （

6、9） _ be faithful to the original speech as accurate as possible B. Interpreters should take advantage of all the possible （10） _ available in their working languages. （10） _ be faithful to the original speech （分数：（1）. 1.00） 填空项1:_ （正确答案：Unimportant/Less important） 解析：听力原文1-10 B How Interpreters Work

7、/B Good morning. Today Id like to give you a brief introduction to an interpreters work. Generally speaking, an interpreter has to fulfill three stages during his work: the understanding of the speakers original message, the memorization of a speech and the re-expression of the same content in anoth

8、er language, with the help of some notes the interpreter writes down upon hearing the original message. The first stage is the understanding. The understanding we refer to here is not of words but of ideas, since an interpreter has to convey concepts. But what happens if an interpreter doesnt know o

9、ne word or an expression that he or she hears in a speech? First of all we can underline that an interpreter can understand a speakers meaning without actually understanding every single word and expression used. There are other occasions, however, where 1 a word is too important to be left out. ff

10、the interpreter does not know a key word, there can be problems. But after hearing the whole speech, he or she should be able to deduce the meaning of it from the context, given the numbers of clues they have. Moreover, interpreters cannot be expected to be encyclopaedic dictionaries, and they must

11、accept that there are times when they do not know a word or an idiomatic expression. In a situation of direct contact with the delegates, the interpreter must admit his or her ignorance and, if necessary, clarify the question with the delegates. On the other hand, the interpreter does not have the r

12、ight to guess at meanings in order to hide a normally possible, even if embarrassing, situation. Furthermore, in order to understand meaning without knowing all the lexical items, 2 and to be able to deduce from context, interpreters must in any case have a thorough knowledge of their working langua

13、ges. 3 in order to understand the ideas of a speech, an interpreter needs to get familiar with different kinds of texts. They can present logical arguments showing both points of view on a question before arriving at a synthetic conclusion, 4 they can be a sequence of logical deductions leading to a

14、n obvious conclusion according to the speakers point of view, and they may simply be descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation. What follows is the identification of the main ideas. In order to understand a message, an interpreter has to identify the main ideas and give them their pr

15、oper relevance in the interpretation. And, owing to the intrinsic difficulty of a speech or to the speakers speed, he or she might be forced to omit one or more elements of the original. It is clear that if the interpreter doesnt translate some details, the interpretation will not be perfect but sti

16、ll adequate, whereas, if he or she misses out significant points of the discourse, the result will be a seriously flawed performance. Indeed, interpreters should be capable of providing a summary of a speech, since delegates often dont want a detailed interpretation but only an exhaustive and precis

17、e summary of what has been said. Whats going on next in understanding phase is the analysis of links of the main ideas. A speech is not only a sequence of ideas, but also a series of ideas related to one another in a particular way. 5 Ideas may be linked by logical consequences, logical causes, put

18、together without cause-effect relations, and may also be expressed by a series of opposing concepts. The second stage of interpreting is the memorization of a speech. The objective is to create a telegraphic version of the discourse, and to link its different parts through its semantic-logical conne

19、ctions. We have different means to remember a speech. One possibility is that of internally visualizing the content of a speech and creating images in ones mind. Specifically speaking, an interpreter needs to concentrate on ideas, not on single words, 6 connect the main ideas to a series of numbers,

20、 and then concentrate on the links among the main ideas so as to reproduce the structure of the speech as a kind of skeleton. 7 The third stage of interpreting is re-expression. After understanding, analyzing and memorizing, interpreters have to re-express the speech they have just heard. It must be

21、 clear that they are not required to give an academically perfect translation. Their role is to make sure the speaker is understood by the audience so real interpreters have to continue to work on their working languages, including their mother tongue, with the aim of keeping them rich, lively, effe

22、ctive and up-to-date. Therefore, they must be informed about the latest national or international events with the purpose of learning new terminology and also of grabbing the spirit of the era were living in. To this end, it is possible to suggest the following advice: First, constantly enrich ones general vocabulary and style, through regular reading of a broad range of well-written publications in all working languages; Second, follow the press in ones native language too, which is of particular importance for i