专业八级 3Word下载.docx

专业八级 3Word下载.docx

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ANSWERSHEETONE.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

ANSWERSHEETONE

Completethegap-fillingtask.SomeofthegapsbelowmayrequireamaximumofTHREEwords.Make

suretheword（s）youfillinis（are）bothgrammatically&

semanticallyacceptable.Youmayrefer

toyournotes.

{{B}}HowInterpretersWork?

{{/B}}

Ⅰ.Understanding

A.Aboutwordsandexpressions

—

（1）______wordsmaybeleftout:

（1）______

—Ifnotknowingakeywordorexpression,

a）admitorclarifythequestionifnecessary,withthedelegates.

b）deducefrom

（2）______

（2）______

B.Aboutideas/concepts

—（3）______ofdifferentkindsoftextsthat（3）______

a）presentlogicalarguments

b）presentasequenceof（4）______（4）______

c）aredescriptive,focusingonanevent,asceneorasituation

—identificationofthemainideas

—analysisofideaslinkedby（5）______（5）______

Ⅱ.Memorizationofaspeech

A.Objective

—tocreateatelegraphicversionofthediscourse

—tolinkitsdifferentpartsthroughitssemantic-logicalconnections

B.Meansofmemorization

—concentratingontheideas

—connectingmainideastoaseriesof（6）______（6）______

—focusingonthelinksamongthemainideas

Ⅲ.（7）______ofthecontentinanotherlanguage（7）______

A.Goal:

makesuretheaudienceunderstandthespeech.

B.Suggestions:

—enrichingone'

sgeneralvocabularyandstyle

—followingthepressinone'

snativelanguage

—watchingTV,seemovies,etc.inthe（8）______language（8）______

Ⅳ.Conclusion

A.Interpretingisaprofessionthatisallaboutcommunication:

—maketheirownspeech（9）______thespeechestheyinterpret（9）______

befaithfultotheoriginalspeech

—．

—asaccurateaspossible

B.Interpretersshouldtakeadvantageof

allthepossible（10）______availableintheirworkinglanguages.（10）______

—befaithfultotheoriginalspeech

（分数：

（1）.

1.00）

填空项1:

__________________（正确答案：

Unimportant/Lessimportant）

解析：

[听力原文]1-10{{B}}HowInterpretersWork{{/B}}Goodmorning.TodayI'

dliketogiveyou

abriefintroductiontoaninterpreter'

swork.Generallyspeaking,aninterpreterhastofulfill

threestagesduringhiswork:

theunderstandingofthespeaker'

soriginalmessage,the

memorizationofaspeechandthere-expressionofthesamecontentinanotherlanguage,withthe

helpofsomenotestheinterpreterwritesdownuponhearingtheoriginalmessage.Thefirststage

istheunderstanding.Theunderstandingwerefertohereisnotofwordsbutofideas,sincean

interpreterhastoconveyconcepts.Butwhathappensifaninterpreterdoesn'

tknowonewordor

anexpressionthatheorshehearsinaspeech?

Firstofallwecanunderlinethataninterpreter

canunderstandaspeaker'

smeaningwithoutactuallyunderstandingeverysinglewordandexpression

used.Thereareotheroccasions,however,where[1]awordistooimportanttobeleftout.ff

theinterpreterdoesnotknowakeyword,therecanbeproblems.Butafterhearingthewholespeech,

heorsheshouldbeabletodeducethemeaningofitfromthecontext,giventhenumbersofclues

theyhave.Moreover,interpreterscannotbeexpectedtobeencyclopaedicdictionaries,andthey

mustacceptthattherearetimeswhentheydonotknowawordoranidiomaticexpression.Ina

situationofdirectcontactwiththedelegates,theinterpretermustadmithisorherignorance

and,ifnecessary,clarifythequestionwiththedelegates.Ontheotherhand,theinterpreter

doesnothavetherighttoguessatmeaningsinordertohideanormallypossible,evenif

embarrassing,situation.Furthermore,inordertounderstandmeaningwithoutknowingallthe

lexicalitems,[2]andtobeabletodeducefromcontext,interpretersmustinanycasehavea

thoroughknowledgeoftheirworkinglanguages.[3]inordertounderstandtheideasofaspeech,

aninterpreterneedstogetfamiliarwithdifferentkindsoftexts.Theycanpresentlogical

argumentsshowingbothpointsofviewonaquestionbeforearrivingatasyntheticconclusion,

[4]theycanbeasequenceoflogicaldeductionsleadingtoanobviousconclusionaccordingto

thespeaker'

spointofview,andtheymaysimplybedescriptive,focusingonanevent,ascene

orasituation.Whatfollowsistheidentificationofthemainideas.Inordertounderstanda

message,aninterpreterhastoidentifythemainideasandgivethemtheirproperrelevancein

theinterpretation.And,owingtotheintrinsicdifficultyofaspeechortothespeaker'

sspeed,

heorshemightbeforcedtoomitoneormoreelementsoftheoriginal.Itisclearthatifthe

interpreterdoesn'

ttranslatesomedetails,theinterpretationwillnotbeperfectbutstill

adequate,whereas,ifheorshemissesoutsignificantpointsofthediscourse,theresultwill

beaseriouslyflawedperformance.Indeed,interpretersshouldbecapableofprovidingasummary

ofaspeech,sincedelegatesoftendon'

twantadetailedinterpretationbutonlyanexhaustive

andprecisesummaryofwhathasbeensaid.What'

sgoingonnextinunderstandingphaseisthe

analysisoflinksofthemainideas.Aspeechisnotonlyasequenceofideas,butalsoaseries

ofideasrelatedtooneanotherinaparticularway.[5]Ideasmaybelinkedbylogicalconsequences,

logicalcauses,puttogetherwithoutcause-effectrelations,andmayalsobeexpressedbyaseries

ofopposingconcepts.Thesecondstageofinterpretingisthememorizationofaspeech.The

objectiveistocreateatelegraphicversionofthediscourse,andtolinkitsdifferentparts

throughitssemantic-logicalconnections.Wehavedifferentmeanstorememberaspeech.One

possibilityisthatofinternallyvisualizingthecontentofaspeechandcreatingimagesinone'

s

mind.Specificallyspeaking,aninterpreterneedstoconcentrateonideas,notonsinglewords,

[6]connectthemainideastoaseriesofnumbers,andthenconcentrateonthelinksamongthe

mainideassoastoreproducethestructureofthespeechasakindofskeleton.[7]Thethird

stageofinterpretingisre-expression.Afterunderstanding,analyzingandmemorizing,

interpretershavetore-expressthespeechtheyhavejustheard.Itmustbeclearthattheyare

notrequiredtogiveanacademicallyperfecttranslation.Theirroleistomakesurethespeaker

isunderstoodbytheaudiencesorealinterpretershavetocontinuetoworkontheirworking

languages,includingtheirmothertongue,withtheaimofkeepingthemrich,lively,effective

andup-to-date.Therefore,theymustbeinformedaboutthelatestnationalorinternationalevents

withthepurposeoflearningnewterminologyandalsoofgrabbingthespiritoftheerawe'

re

livingin.Tothisend,itispossibletosuggestthefollowingadvice:

First,constantlyenrich

one'

sgeneralvocabularyandstyle,throughregularreadingofabroadrangeofwell-written

publicationsinallworkinglanguages;

Second,followthepressinone'

snativelanguagetoo,

whichisofparticularimportancefori