英语语言学试卷精粹12套题.doc

1、第一部分 选择题 1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is said to be _. A、 prescriptive B、 sociolinguistic C、 descriptive D、 psycholinguistic 2、Of all the speech organs, the _ is/are the most flexi

2、ble. A、 mouth B、 lips C、 tongue D、 vocal cords 3、The morpheme vision in the common word television is a(n) _. A、 bound morpheme B、 bound form C、 inflectional morpheme D、 free morpheme 4、A _ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause. A、 coordinator B、

3、particle C、 preposition D、 subordinator主从连词 5、Can I borrow your bike? _ You have a bike. A、 is synonymous with B、 is inconsistent with C、 entails D、 presupposes 6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called _. A、 semantics B、 pragmatic

4、s C、 sociolinguistics D、 psycholinguistics 7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are _ or generalization泛化. A、 elaboration B、 simplification精简 C、 external borrowing D、 internal borrowing 8、_ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward

5、grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication. A、 Lingua franca通用语 B、 Creole C、 Pidgin D、 Standard language标准语言9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left b

6、rain are vital to language, namely, _ . A、 Brocas area, Wernickes area and the angular gyrus角回 B、 Brocas area, Wernickes area and cerebral cortex C、 Brocas area, Wernickes area and neurons D、 Brocas area, Wernickes area and Exners area 10、According to Krashen, _ refers to the gradual and subconcious

7、 development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. A、 learning B、 competence C、 performance D、 acquisition第二部分 非选择题 11、Chomsky defines competence as the ideal users k of the rules of his language. 12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feat

8、ure in common, i.e, they are all b . 13、M is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 14、A s is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a completestatement, question or command. 15、Synonyms tha

9、t are mutually substitutable under allcircumstances are called c synonyms. 16、The illocutionary point of r is to commit the speaker to somethings being the case, to the truth of what has been said. 17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known

10、as word c . 18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+ishes), Black English can d the form of be. 19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which is called the c period for first language acquisition. 20、As a type

11、of linguistic system in 12 learning, i is a product of L2 training, mother tongue intereference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner. III. Directions: true or false. explain why you think so and give the correct version.()21、In mo

12、dern linguistic studies, the written form of language is given more emphasis than the spoken form for a number of reasons. ()22、Voicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in both Chinese and English. ()23、The compound word bookstore is the place where books are sold. This indicates

13、 that the meaning of acompound is the sum total of the meanings of its components. ()24、Syntactic categories refer to sentences (S) and clauses (C) only. ()25、Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but cannot be found within

14、the variety itself, for example, within British English or American English.()26、Only when a maxim under Cooperative Principle is blatantly violated and the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversational implicatures arise. ()27、The territory in which the Indo-European languages are mainly

15、 spoken today also includes languages that are not Indo-European. ()28、In most bilingual communities, two languages have the same in speech situations known as domains. ()29、According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, speakers perceptions determine language and pattern their way o

16、f life. ()30、All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language. IV. Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration. (3%10=30%) 31、duality32、diachronic linguistics33、broad transcription34、morphological rules35、phrase structure rule36、relationa

17、l opposites37、componential analysis38、context39、euphemism40、brain lateralizationV. Answer the following questions. (10%2=20%) 41、Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples in English for illustration. 42、Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of

18、 a second language.英语语言学试题（2）一、单项选择题1.The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are _.( ) A.gradable opposites B.relational opposites C.co-hyponyms D.synonyms2.The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar .( ) A.Jacob Grimm B.Rasmus Rask C.Franz Bopp D.Sir Will

19、iam Jones3.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as _.( ) A.unusual B.something to be feared C.abnormal D.natural4._produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often

20、as unintelligible.( ) A.Brocas aphasic B.The linguistic deprivation C.The damage on the angular gyrusD.Wernickes aphasic5.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night” as “light”.This shows: .( ) A.They cannot pronounce/n/ B.Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/

21、in their mother tongue C.The teachers do not have a good teaching method D.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds6.A word with several meanings is called _word.( ) A.a polysemous B.a synonymousC.an abnormal D.a multiple7.The function of the sentence “A nice day, isnt it?”is _.( ) A.informative B

22、.phatic C.directive D.performative8.The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in _ and vocabulary.( ) A.usage B.grammar C.pronunciation D.structure9._deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.( ) A.Linguistic geography B.Lexicol

23、ogy C.Lexicography D.Sociolinguistics10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as _.( ) A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult二、填空题(每空1分，共10分)11.A sentence is a structurally independent uni

24、t that usually comprises a number of w_ to form a complete statement,q_or command.12.In sociolinguistic studies,speakers are treated as members of s_g_.13.Utterance is based on _ _ ;it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication,or simply in a contex

25、t.14.To many people,a linguist is the same as a _,one who can speak several languages fluently.15.Consonant sounds can be either v _or v_,while all vowel sounds are v_.三、判断说明题16.All words may be said to contain a root morpheme.( )17.Tense and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of

26、 meaning.( )18.Linguistics is the course of language.( )19.The part of a sentence which compriese comprises an infinite verb or a verb phrase is grammatically called predicate.( )20.Historical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study.( )21.The term dialect,as a technical term in linguisti

27、cs,carries value judgement and not simply refers to a distinct form of language.( )22.Morphology is translated as 形态学。( )23.The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.( )24.The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.( )25.Semantics is the main part of linguistics.( )四、名词解释(每小题3

28、分，共30分)26.general linguistics27.suprasegmental features28.root and stem29.hierarchical structure30.naming theory and conceptualist view31.maxims of quality and manner32.blending33.sociolect34.subvocal speech35.contrastive analysis五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)36.Paraphrase each of the following sentences in two

29、 different ways to show the syntactic rules account for the ambiguity of sentences. (1)The shooting of the hunters might be terrible. (2)He saw young men and women present. (3)They were surprised at the presidents appointment.37.Decide the meaning of the following affixes and give each affix two exa

30、mples. re- un- anti- super- -wise -itis -ize -age英语语言学试题（3）第一部分 选择题.Directions: 1.The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is good proof that human language is _. A. arbitrary B.non-arbitrary C. logical D.non-productive2.All the back vowels in English are pronounced with rounded-lips,i.e. rounded, EXCEPT _.3.The level of syntactic representation that exists before movement takes place