土木工程专业英语论文文档格式.doc

1、In a college students majoring in civil engineering, to have a deep understanding of civil engineering is a must.In this paper, with the historical development of civil engineering and the main content of the civil engineering and the important role, and for the future development prospects of civil

2、 engineering on my knowledge of civil engineering.【Keywords】The content of the civil engineering The development direction classification The main content【introduction】around time past the blink, civil engineering professional English course of study is over,Look back the short the four Weeks, throu

3、gh learning this course, I am from Have the professional and industry in the future is in the further Know, at the same time also stimulated interest in civil engineering.That no matter from which Perspective are very significant. In the future Lesson to learn, We will be right here On the basis of

4、work harder to learn Xi. Below is I through the study of this course in civil engineering A little knowledge.The future development direction of civil engineering1 to the high altitudeNow polish Gabin227kHz artificial highest building is 646 m long steel tower, consists of 15 cordelle root steel anc

5、hor.Japan plans to build a 800.7 m high of one thousand in Tokyo tower, it is about 1.25 miles from the sea, will work, leisure, entertainment, business, shopping and so on into the integration of seismic vertical cities, residents of up to 50000 people.China proposed in Shanghai near 1.6 km wide, 2

6、00 m deep on the island to build a 1250 m of the bionic tower, residents of 100000.India is also proposed to invested $5 billion to build super skyscrapers, its the earth 202 layers, up to 710 m.Will still be visible in the 21st century high-rise building is an important development direction of civ

7、il engineering.2 to the development of undergroundHeld in Tokyo in 1991 the urban underground space of the international academic conference passed the declaration of the east, proposed the 21st century is the century of human development and utilization of underground space.Construction of undergro

8、und construction will effectively improve urban congestion, saving energy and reducing noise pollution, etc.Japan in the late 1950 s to 70 s, large-scale exploitation and utilization of shallow underground space by the end of the 80 s have started to study 50 100 m deep underground space development

9、 and utilization of the problem.The future urban underground space development mainly has the following trends:（1） integration.Integration is the main trend of foreign underground space development, the first is the emergence of underground complex, become a symbol of city modernization construction

10、 type one.Second integrated performance in underground pedestrian system and underground rapid rail system, the combination of high-speed road system, and the combination of underground complex and the underground transport hub.Third comprehensive performance on the ground, underground space functio

11、n distinguished, and the coordinated development of combination mode.（2） layering and deep.For comprehensive utilization of underground space resources, underground space development and gradually to the deep development.Art such as the United States at the university of Minnesota and mineral engine

12、ering of underground building as many as seven layers, vancouver, Canada to build an underground garage up to the 14th floor, with a total area of 72324 m2.（3） the micro tunnel project will speed up development.Micro tunnel is people cant get into tunnel, in 25 - 30 cm in diameter, and up to 2 m.At

13、the entrance of the tunnel surface is excavation and supporting with the remote control.This method is rapid, accurate, economic and security.So is appropriate under the high-rise building, under the historical and cultural monuments, expressway, subway and channel to install the pipe.（4） the role o

14、f 3 S technology in underground space development would be strengthened, 3 S GPS （global positioning satellite）, RS （remote sensing） and GIS （geographic information system）.3 to the sea to broadenIn order to prevent the airport noise influence on urban residents, also in order to save the use of lan

15、d, on August 4, 2000, Osaka, Japan use 1.8 billion cubic sea around 1000 m long kansai international airport flight a success.Capital, seven star hotel in dubai, united Arab emirates also built at sea, maritime city will be built in Honduras cruise ship, the ship will be 804.5 m long, 228.6 m wide,

16、with 28 floors, the ship is equipped with small jet runway, hospitals, hotels, supermarkets, restaurants, barber shops, casinos and so on.In recent years, our country has made gratifying achievements in this field, such as the Shanghai nanhui beach reclamation reclamation success, success and chongm

17、ing dongtan has recently in the huangpu river, the bund, shore engineering.Reclamation, Rio shore have similar engineering and construction of artificial islands, like Shanghai big coastal cities for the future construction of artificial islands have accumulated experience of science and technology

18、and ready to power.4 March to desertAbout one-third of the land to desert, around the world each year about 6 million hectares of arable land, erosion, this will affect hundreds of millions of peoples life.The world future society on early in the 21st century is one of the worlds top ten engineering

19、 idea turned into desert oasis to west Asia and Africa.Desert must have water first, and then to afforestation and sand.Now the Libyan desert area has built a large water pipe, and the in benghazi, built a diameter of 1 km, 16 kilometers deep reservoir irrigation to the desert.In the absence of the

20、desert areas of groundwater, the research and development on the international use of desert solar desalination feasible solution, once implemented, the scheme will start offshore the large-scale construction engineering in desert areas.Desert test for the water conveyance project success in our cou

21、ntry, to build the first long distance water conveyance project has been built across the desert, the Yellow River into the desert smoothly.5 to spaceDue to the rapid development of modern astronomy, aerospace industry and the successful implementation of human landing on the moon, it was found that

22、 the moon has a lot of ilmenite, under 800 high temperature, ilmenite and hydride synthesis of iron, titanium and oxygen and moisture, which can make human survival required oxygen and water.The government has decided to build a moon base on the moon, and Mars by the base of action.Chinese-american

23、copper column, Dr. Lin in 1985 found that needed to build the concrete materials are on the moon, so it can be made of reinforced concrete parts assembly station on the moon.Since the 2050 s, is expected to space commercialization, industrialization and space space travel, outer space humanization,

24、etc may get bigger development.The definition of civil engineering：What is a civil engineering?Civil engineering is to build all kinds of engineering facilities of science and technology of the total, according to which refers to the application of materials, equipment and conducted the survey, desi

25、gn, construction, maintenance and other technical activities;Also refers to the object of engineering construction, building on the ground or underground, on the road or water, directly or indirectly for human life, production, military, scientific research services of all kinds of engineering facil

26、ities, such as houses, roads, railways, pipelines, tunnels, Bridges, canals, DAMS, ports, power stations, the offshore platform, water supply and drainage, and protective engineering, etc.The classification of civil engineeringTo build a project facilities generally go through survey, design and con

27、struction of the three phase, need to use engineering geological survey and hydrogeological survey, engineering surveying, soil mechanics, engineering mechanics, engineering design, construction materials, construction equipment, engineering machinery, building economic disciplines and knowledge in

28、the field of construction technology, construction organization, as well as the electronic computer and mechanical testing techniques.So wide in civil engineering is a comprehensive discipline.With the progress of science and technology and the development of engineering practice, the civil engineer

29、ing discipline connotation also has developed into a broad category, large, complex integrated system.Civil engineering technology are mainly relies on the development of engineering practice rather than relying on scientific experiments and theoretical studies, for two reasons: one is some objectiv

30、e conditions are too complex, difficult to faithfully indoor experiment or field testing and theoretical analysis.Foundation, tunnel and underground engineering, for example, the stress and deformation state and its change with time, the engineering experience analysis judgment still need reference.

31、2 it is only for new engineering practice, to reveal new problems.Built high-rise buildings, for example, high tower mast and long-span Bridges, engineering of wind and earthquake resistant problem highlights, to develop this aspect of the new theory and technology.After the industrial revolution, e

32、specially in the 20th century, on the one hand, society puts forward new demand to the civil engineering;On the other hand, social each domain to move forward to create a good condition of civil engineering.Therefore this period of civil engineering get the development by leaps and bounds.Have sprung up all over the world of modern large-scale industrial buildings, skyscrapers, nuclear power plants, h