土木工程专业英语论文文档格式.doc

土木工程专业英语论文文档格式.doc

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Inacollegestudentsmajoringincivilengineering,tohaveadeepunderstandingofcivilengineeringisamust 

. 

Inthispaper,withthehistoricaldevelopmentofcivilengineeringandthemaincontentofthecivilengineeringandtheimportantrole,andforthefuturedevelopmentprospectsofcivilengineeringonmyknowledgeofcivilengineering.

【Keywords】

ThecontentofthecivilengineeringThedevelopmentdirectionclassificationThemaincontent

【introduction】

aroundtimepasttheblink,civilengineeringprofessionalEnglishcourseofstudyisover,LookbacktheshortthefourWeeks,throughlearningthiscourse,IamfromHavetheprofessionalandindustryinthefutureisinthefurtherKnow,atthesametimealsostimulatedinterestincivilengineering.ThatnomatterfromwhichPerspectiveareverysignificant.InthefutureLessontolearn,WewillberighthereOnthebasisofworkhardertolearnXi.BelowisIthroughthestudyofthiscourseincivilengineeringAlittleknowledge.

Thefuturedevelopmentdirectionofcivilengineering

1tothehighaltitude

NowpolishGabin227kHzartificialhighestbuildingis646mlongsteeltower,consistsof15cordellerootsteelanchor.Japanplanstobuilda800.7mhighofonethousandinTokyotower,itisabout1.25milesfromthesea,willwork,leisure,entertainment,business,shoppingandsoonintotheintegrationofseismicverticalcities,residentsofupto50000people.ChinaproposedinShanghainear1.6kmwide,200mdeepontheislandtobuilda1250mofthebionictower,residentsof100000.Indiaisalsoproposedtoinvested$5billiontobuildsuperskyscrapers,itstheearth202layers,upto710m.Willstillbevisibleinthe21stcenturyhigh-risebuildingisanimportantdevelopmentdirectionofcivilengineering.

2tothedevelopmentofunderground

HeldinTokyoin1991theurbanundergroundspaceoftheinternationalacademicconferencepassedthedeclarationoftheeast,proposed"

the21stcenturyisthecenturyofhumandevelopmentandutilizationofundergroundspace"

.Constructionofundergroundconstructionwilleffectivelyimproveurbancongestion,savingenergyandreducingnoisepollution,etc.Japaninthelate1950sto70s,large-scaleexploitationandutilizationofshallowundergroundspacebytheendofthe80shavestartedtostudy50~100mdeepundergroundspacedevelopmentandutilizationoftheproblem.

Thefutureurbanundergroundspacedevelopmentmainlyhasthefollowingtrends:

（1）integration.Integrationisthemaintrendofforeignundergroundspacedevelopment,thefirstistheemergenceofundergroundcomplex,becomeasymbolofcitymodernizationconstructiontypeone.Secondintegratedperformanceinundergroundpedestriansystemandundergroundrapidrailsystem,thecombinationofhigh-speedroadsystem,andthecombinationofundergroundcomplexandtheundergroundtransporthub.Thirdcomprehensiveperformanceontheground,undergroundspacefunctiondistinguished,andthecoordinateddevelopmentofcombinationmode.

（2）layeringanddeep.Forcomprehensiveutilizationofundergroundspaceresources,undergroundspacedevelopmentandgraduallytothedeepdevelopment.ArtsuchastheUnitedStatesattheuniversityofMinnesotaandmineralengineeringofundergroundbuildingasmanyassevenlayers,vancouver,Canadatobuildanundergroundgarageuptothe14thfloor,withatotalareaof72324m2.

（3）themicrotunnelprojectwillspeedupdevelopment.Microtunnelispeoplecan'

tgetintotunnel,in25--30cmindiameter,andupto2m.Attheentranceofthetunnelsurfaceisexcavationandsupportingwiththeremotecontrol.Thismethodisrapid,accurate,economicandsecurity.Soisappropriateunderthehigh-risebuilding,underthehistoricalandculturalmonuments,expressway,subwayandchanneltoinstallthepipe.

（4）theroleof3Stechnologyinundergroundspacedevelopmentwouldbestrengthened,3SGPS（globalpositioningsatellite）,RS（remotesensing）andGIS（geographicinformationsystem）.

3totheseatobroaden

Inordertopreventtheairportnoiseinfluenceonurbanresidents,alsoinordertosavetheuseofland,onAugust4,2000,Osaka,Japanuse1.8billioncubicseaaround1000mlongkansaiinternationalairportflightasuccess.Capital,sevenstarhotelindubai,unitedArabemiratesalsobuiltatsea,maritimecitywillbebuiltinHondurascruiseship,theshipwillbe804.5mlong,228.6mwide,with28floors,theshipisequippedwithsmalljetrunway,hospitals,hotels,supermarkets,restaurants,barbershops,casinosandsoon.Inrecentyears,ourcountryhasmadegratifyingachievementsinthisfield,suchastheShanghainanhuibeachreclamationreclamationsuccess,successandchongmingdongtanhasrecentlyinthehuangpuriver,thebund,shoreengineering.Reclamation,Rioshorehavesimilarengineeringandconstructionofartificialislands,likeShanghaibigcoastalcitiesforthefutureconstructionofartificialislandshaveaccumulatedexperienceofscienceandtechnologyandreadytopower.

4Marchtodesert

Aboutone-thirdofthelandtodesert,aroundtheworldeachyearabout6millionhectaresofarableland,erosion,thiswillaffecthundredsofmillionsofpeople'

slife.Theworldfuturesocietyonearlyinthe21stcenturyisoneoftheworld'

stoptenengineeringideaturnedintodesertoasistowestAsiaandAfrica.Desertmusthavewaterfirst,andthentoafforestationandsand.NowtheLibyandesertareahasbuiltalargewaterpipe,andtheinbenghazi,builtadiameterof1km,16kilometersdeepreservoirirrigationtothedesert.Intheabsenceofthedesertareasofgroundwater,theresearchanddevelopmentontheinternationaluseofdesertsolardesalinationfeasiblesolution,onceimplemented,theschemewillstartoffshorethelarge-scaleconstructionengineeringindesertareas.Deserttestforthewaterconveyanceprojectsuccessinourcountry,tobuildthefirstlongdistancewaterconveyanceprojecthasbeenbuiltacrossthedesert,theYellowRiverintothedesertsmoothly.

5tospace

Duetotherapiddevelopmentofmodernastronomy,aerospaceindustryandthesuccessfulimplementationofhumanlandingonthemoon,itwasfoundthatthemoonhasalotofilmenite,under800℃hightemperature,ilmeniteandhydridesynthesisofiron,titaniumandoxygenandmoisture,whichcanmakehumansurvivalrequiredoxygenandwater.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtobuildamoonbaseonthemoon,andMarsbythebaseofaction.Chinese-americancoppercolumn,Dr.Linin1985foundthatneededtobuildtheconcretematerialsareonthemoon,soitcanbemadeofreinforcedconcretepartsassemblystationonthemoon.Sincethe2050s,isexpectedtospacecommercialization,industrializationandspacespacetravel,outerspacehumanization,etcmaygetbiggerdevelopment.

Thedefinitionofcivilengineering：

Whatisa"

civilengineering"

?

Civilengineeringistobuildallkindsofengineeringfacilitiesofscienceandtechnologyofthetotal,accordingtowhichreferstotheapplicationofmaterials,equipmentandconductedthesurvey,design,construction,maintenanceandothertechnicalactivities;

Alsoreferstotheobjectofengineeringconstruction,buildingonthegroundorunderground,ontheroadorwater,directlyorindirectlyforhumanlife,production,military,scientificresearchservicesofallkindsofengineeringfacilities,suchashouses,roads,railways,pipelines,tunnels,Bridges,canals,DAMS,ports,powerstations,theoffshoreplatform,watersupplyanddrainage,andprotectiveengineering,etc.

Theclassificationofcivilengineering

Tobuildaprojectfacilitiesgenerallygothroughsurvey,designandconstructionofthethreephase,needtouseengineeringgeologicalsurveyandhydrogeologicalsurvey,engineeringsurveying,soilmechanics,engineeringmechanics,engineeringdesign,constructionmaterials,constructionequipment,engineeringmachinery,buildingeconomicdisciplinesandknowledgeinthefieldofconstructiontechnology,constructionorganization,aswellastheelectroniccomputerandmechanicaltestingtechniques.Sowideincivilengineeringisacomprehensivediscipline.Withtheprogressofscienceandtechnologyandthedevelopmentofengineeringpractice,thecivilengineeringdisciplineconnotationalsohasdevelopedintoabroadcategory,large,complexintegratedsystem.

Civilengineeringtechnologyaremainlyreliesonthedevelopmentofengineeringpracticeratherthanrelyingonscientificexperimentsandtheoreticalstudies,fortworeasons:

oneissomeobjectiveconditionsaretoocomplex,difficulttofaithfullyindoorexperimentorfieldtestingandtheoreticalanalysis.Foundation,tunnelandundergroundengineering,forexample,thestressanddeformationstateanditschangewithtime,theengineeringexperienceanalysisjudgmentstillneedreference.2itisonlyfornewengineeringpractice,torevealnewproblems.Builthigh-risebuildings,forexample,hightowermastandlong-spanBridges,engineeringofwindandearthquakeresistantproblemhighlights,todevelopthisaspectofthenewtheoryandtechnology.

Aftertheindustrialrevolution,especiallyinthe20thcentury,ontheonehand,societyputsforwardnewdemandtothecivilengineering;

Ontheotherhand,socialeachdomaintomoveforwardtocreateagoodconditionofcivilengineering.Thereforethisperiodofcivilengineeringgetthedevelopmentbyleapsandbounds.Havesprungupallovertheworldofmodernlarge-scaleindustrialbuildings,skyscrapers,nuclearpowerplants,h