顾家北100句练习完美整理版.docx

1、顾家北100句练习完美整理版使用方法： 自己先翻译一下，对照准确的句子 记住句子中出现的词伙，熟悉其用法和语境 熟悉基本的句型(里面不少句子是十大基本句子)，确保自己在不同语境下可以迅速选择和写出准确的单句 注意观察错误的句子，因为这些句子一般都是常见错误，可以提高你对语法错误的敏感 最后，如果有兴趣，可以通过复杂句的中文口头翻译一下，不仅熟悉这句话，也可以提高口语表达的能力NB： 基础差的同学经常会死背，那样是不会提高的。最好通过翻译提高语法（譬如说分析句子的成分，熟悉单词的词性）翻译1：经常做运动会提高人的自信错误的句子：Exercise regularly can rise ones c

2、onfidence.错误1 Exercise 如果这里是动词，应该用动名词，如果是名词，不能用副词修饰错误2 rise 不及物动词正确的句子：Regular exercise can increase ones self-confidence.句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语(confidence)可以用定语从句扩充：Participating in sports frequently can boost peoples confidence, which is important not only to the youth but also to the elderly.注： 不可以说“reg

3、ular doing exercise”，因为形容词regular 不可以修饰doing中文翻译：经常参加体育活动能够提高人们的自信心，这不但对年轻人而且对老人很重要。翻译2： 依赖计算器会影响人的心算能力（mental arithmetic）。错误的句子：Rely heavily on calculators will have negative impact on human beings mental arithmetic.错误1 rely 是动词，不能充当主语错误2 impact 可数名词，要有冠词。错误3 human beings 多余，不是人类莫非是动物么？正确的句子： Relyi

4、ng heavily on calculators will have a negative impact on mental arithmetic.句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语(impact)也可以用现在分词扩充：The excessive reliance on calculators is likely to have an adverse impact on childrens mental arithmetic and pose a threat to their intellectual development.中文翻译：过度依赖计算器可能会对人们的心算能力有负面影响，对孩子的智

5、力发展有威胁。翻译 3： 很多女孩都不愿意在男人居多的行业里（male-dominated world）找工作。错误的句子：A number of girks are not willing to hunting jobs in the male-dominated world错误 1 willing to do something 固定搭配错误 2 a number of 在这里感觉是在某个地方，有一些女孩不愿意做什么。错误 3 定冠词不恰当，因为世界上男人居多的行业有很多，不可能特指正确的句子：Many girls are not willing to seek employment in

6、 a male-dominated world. 句子结构：主语+系动词+表语(willing)也可以用状语从句扩充：Numerous women are unwilling to find employment in a male-dominated world because theycan face barriers to top-level promotion.中文翻译： 很多女孩不愿意在男人为大多数的行业找工作，因为她们会面临在高职位升迁中的阻碍。翻译4：环境问题已经成为公众关心的焦点。错误的句子：environmental problem has been the focus of

7、 public concern.错误1 problem 可数名词，要加冠词或者复数错误2 be 是表示“是”的意思，强调状态，要用“become”，强调变化正确的句子：The environmental problem has become the focus of public concern.句子结构：主语+系动词（become）+表语（the focus）拓展的句子：The environmental problems has become the focus of public concern, forexample, greenhouse emissions. That is why

8、 the government limits people to use private cars in urban areas.错误1：同位语“greenhouse emissions”离所修饰名词太远错误2：主谓不一致修改：Environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions have become the focus ofpublic concern and some regulations can be enforced to tackle these problems.中文翻译：环境问题比如温室气体的发放已经成为公共关注的焦点

9、，因此一些规则应该被实施来处理这些问题。翻译5：家长和老师应该努力去减少小孩看电视的时间。错误的句子：parents and teachers should do their efforts to curb the time of watching TV on children.错误1 make an effort to 固定表达错误2 curb 一般是抑制某种行为，而不是接time.错误3 “watching TV on children”也不通。正确的句子：parents and teachers should make an effort to limit childrens scree

10、n time.句子结构：主语（parents and teachers）+及物动词(make)+宾语(effort)拓展的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit childrens screen time,thereby protecting childrens eyesight and encourage them to do more out-door activities.错误：protecting 和encourage 不对称正确的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effo

11、rt to limit childrens screen time,thereby protecting childrens eyesight and encouraging them to do more outdoor activities.注：这句话的分词最好不要改成定语从句，因为前面不知道是修饰“screen time”还是“limit screen time”中文翻译：家长和老师应该努力去减少孩子看电视的时间，这样会保护孩子的视力，鼓励他们做户外运动。翻译6：艺术不属于学校的主科。错误的句子：Arts is not regarded as a core curriculum at s

12、chool.错误1 主谓不一致错误2 curriculum 是所有课程的总称正确的句子： The arts are not among core subject areas at school.句子结构： 主语（The arts）+系动词（are）+表语 （介词among+宾语充当表语）拓展的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school. However, we should learn them at school . Because they could add spice of our life.错误1：because 是从

13、属连词，要连接两个句子。错误2：add spice to life 才是固定搭配错误3： them 有点指代不清楚.正确的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school but deserve a place in the curriculum, for these subjects add spice to life.中文翻译：虽然艺术不属于学校的主要课程，但是它们在课程大纲里值得拥有一席之地，因为这些科目能够给生活添色彩。翻译7 农村的失业问题在某种程度上可以通过城乡转移 （rural-to-urban shift）解决。错误的

14、句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be address by rural-to-urban shift.错误1 被动语态没有过去分词错误2 shift 是可数名词，最好要有冠词正确的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift.句子结构：（主语+及物动词+宾语）的被动语态拓展的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urbans

15、hift, because rural areas are lack of industry and services, which causes high unemployment rate.错误1：because 后面的内容只是解释了为什么乡村的失业率很高，但是没有解释为什么城乡转移可以解决这个问题。错误2：rate 可数名词错误3：一般不要lack of 充当表语正确的句子：The lack of infrastructure and government funding in rural areas is the main cause of unemployment, which ca

16、n be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift.中文翻译：农村失业问题的主要原因是缺少基础建设和政府资助，这个问题在某种程度可以通过城乡转移解决。翻译8 经济的下滑（economic slowdown）导致失业率的上升错误的句子：Economic slowdown made the climbing unemployment rate.错误1 不要用过去时错误2 用不定冠词好一点，因为正在上升的失业率一般不可能是唯一的。正确的句子：Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment

17、rate.句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语拓展的句子： Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate, in view of the fact that employers are reluctant to recruit new employees so as to cut overhead.错误：可能产生歧义，” recruit new employees” 是雇佣，“reluctant to recruit new employees”是不愿意雇用。到底是哪个事情导致“cut overhead”?正确的句子：Econom

18、ic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate because employers intend to cut overheads and refuse to recruit new employees.中文翻译：经济下滑已经导致失业率上升，因为雇主打算裁员而且拒绝雇用新员工。另外一个豆瓣的学生写的句子也不错，我发出来：Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate, as people balk at starting up new businesses and a n

19、umber of giant companies downsize their workforce.中文翻译：经济下滑已经导致失业率上升，因为人们对开展新失业犹豫不决，而且很多大公司裁员。翻译9 因为不够明朗的经济前景（economic outlook），很多公司不可能招聘新的职员。错误的句子： Because of unclear/ambiguous economic outlook, many companies are unlikelyto recruit new employments.错误1 ambiguous 一般不修饰OUTLOOK错误2 应该是employees正确的句子：Be

20、cause of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new employees.句子结构：主语+系动词+表语Because of 是介词词组引导原因状语拓展的句子：Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new employers, so a considerable number of graduates will

21、face the problem of unemployment.错误：”because of”和“so” 一般避免连用错误2： employees 雇员正确的句子：Because of the uncertainty about the economic outlook, many companies are unlikely to recruit new employees and a considerable number of graduates fail to find employment.中文翻译：因为经济前景的不确定，很多公司不可能招聘新人，因此大量的毕业生找不到工作。翻译10

22、 高层建筑有时候被认为是城市的eyesore。错误的句子（4.5 分）：Occasionally，highrise buildings are tend to be regarded as the eyesore of a city.错误1 Occasionally 表示的意思是“偶尔地，很少地”错误2 “be + do”永远是错的正确的句子：High-rise buildings are sometimes regarded as eyesores of the city.注：这句话里如果说“the eyesore”就是特指，意思就是城市只有一处难看的地方，事实上未必如此。句子结构：“som

23、ebody regards something as something”是“主语+ +宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。而这句话是这个结构的被动语态。翻译11：经济的发展需要年轻的劳动者错误的句子：The economic development requires a great number of fresh working forces错误1 working force 没有这个表达正确的句子：A countrys economic development relies on a supply of young workers句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语也可以用分句扩充，“the proble

24、m is that”是表语从句A countrys economic development relies on a supply of young workers, but the problem is that the aging society has an adverse impact on the labour force.中文翻译：一个国家的经济发展依靠一定量的年轻劳动力，但是问题是老龄化的社会对劳动力有负面影响。翻译12：工作很多的人没有时间去休息，去充电（recharge batteries）错误的句子：People do with heavy workload cannot

25、have adequate times to rest and recharge batteries错误1 do 不知道功能是干嘛的。错误2 time 不可数错误5 cannot 是表示不可能，这里应该是do not正确的句子：People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to rest and recharge batteries.句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语，“to rest and recharge batteries”不定式充当的后置定语也可以用定语从句扩充People with a heavy workload do

26、not have adequate time to rest and recharge batteries, which can be harmful to their fitness.中文翻译：工作很多的人没有足够的时间去休息和充电，这样对他们的健康有害。翻译13 : 送贵重的礼物（lavish gifts）是中国的习惯错误的句子：It is a custom for Chinese to send lavish gifts to others.错误 custom 是习惯或者传统的意思，最好用动名词，而不是 “to send .”这个不定式正确的句子：It is customary for

27、Chinese people to exchange lavish gifts.句子结构： 主语+系动词+表语；it 是形式主语，“to exchange lavish gifts”不定式是真正的主语。其他选择：Exchanging lavish gifts is a tradition in China句子结构： 主语+系动词+表语也可以用并列句+状语从句来扩充Exchanging lavish gifts is a tradition in China and many people feel they lose face when giving or receiving inexpens

28、ive gifts.中文翻译：送贵重礼物是一种中国传统，当收到或者送便宜礼物的时候许多人觉得没面子。翻译14 : 在中国，很多学生晚上都要自习错误的句子：Large number of students in China have to study at night.错误1 “a large number of ” 固定搭配正确的句子：A large number of students in China have to do self-study at night.句子结构： 主语+及物动词+ 宾语也可以用状语从句来扩充A large number of students in China

29、have to do self-study at night, so extra curricular activities have to give way to studies.中文翻译：在中国，许多学生都要在晚上自学，所以课外活动不得不给学习让路。翻译15 : 空运产生很多的温室气体错误的句子：Air freight is likely to exhaust a large number of greenhouse gases.错误1 exhaust 这个词动词的时候，没有排放的意思（这个是很常见的错误！）错误2 a large number of 很少形容gases, goods 这种

30、强调数量的东西。正确的句子：Air freight is likely to create enormous greenhouse gases.注：这句话也可以使用完成时态：Air freight has produced enormous greenhouse gases. 完成时在这里最大的问题是把air freight 变成了一个持续的完整的事物，而我们都知道空运是有次数的分别。句子结构：主语+ 系动词+ 表语也可以用比较状语从句扩充Air freight is likely to create more greenhouse gases than other modes of tran

31、sport.中文翻译：空运可能比其他运输方式产生更多的温室气体。翻译16 : 未来几十年我们很难保护植物多样性错误的句子：We will find it difficult for us to protect the biodiversity of vegetation in thecoming decades.错误1 we. for us 重复错误2 vegetaion 略显重复正确的句子：We will find it difficult to preserve biodiversity in the coming decades.句子结构: 主语+ 谓语+宾语（it，形式宾语） + 宾语补足语（difficult），而不定式是真正的宾语还可以扩充为状语从句Unless local authorities reduce the impact of city expansion on vegetation, we will find it difficult to preserve biodiversity in the coming decades.中文翻译：除非当地政府减少城市扩张对植物的影响，否则在未来几十年里我们会发现保护物种多样性很困难。翻译17: heritage sites 因为城市发展而受到威胁错误的句子：The developme