中考英语备课指导一般现在时和一般过去时讲解+练习.docx

1、中考英语备课指导一般现在时和一般过去时讲解+练习中考一般现在时和一般过去时讲解+练习一般现在时 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。常和频度副词、频度短语。连用如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 Always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/month/Sunday3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成

2、1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No. 2】一般现在时的句型变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它 。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No

3、, Im not. 注意： 一般疑问句中this和that，回答用it代替，these/those 用they代替Are these your books? Yes, they are. Is that a basketball? No, it isnt 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如： I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如： He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +

4、主语+动词原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 【No. 3】动词+s的变化规则 1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：g

5、uess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时练习题 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be)

6、in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _ (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _ (take) a walk together every evenin

7、g.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _ _(like) cooking. 12. They _ (have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _ _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not l

8、ike PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday 三、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_ 3. She likes milk.(改为否定句)_ 4. Amy likes playi

9、ng computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_ 5. We go to school every morning(对划线部分提问)_ 6. They are Americans. (改为否定句)_ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_ 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_ 10. He goes to school by bus. (对划线部分提问)_ 四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确

10、的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _ 一般过去时 A结构 be动词（is，am, are） was/were 主语 + 谓语 实义动词相应的动词过去式 B. 用法 表示过去的事实或状态。 例：He was very busy an hour ago.他在过去的一小

11、时非常忙碌。 I was eight years old last year. 我去年8岁。 表示在过去某个时间内所作的事情，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例：She bought many books yesterday .昨天她买了很多书。 I played table tennis with my friend last Monday. 上周一我和一个朋友打了乒乓球。 表示过去的时间状语，有：yesterday，last week ,last year, two days ago,. C. 动词的过去式 动词有规则动词和不规则动词之分。规则动词的过去式都是以-ed结尾，而不规则动词的过去式

12、是没有规则。 一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。 如：wanted，played。 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。 如：hoped，lived。 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped, shipped。 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。 如：studied，worried。 有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆一般过去时练习题 一、句型转换 1. The children played football in the park. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 对划线部分提问：_ 2. There were six students in th

13、e classroom. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 对划线部分提问：_ 3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 对划线部分提问：_ 4. Last week I read an English book. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 对划线部分提问：_5. My brother was in the park just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 对划线部分提问：_ 二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式 go _ _ enjoy _ _ buy _ _ eat _ _ get _ _ walk _

14、_ take _ _ dance _ _ write _ _ run _ _ swim _ _ find _ _ begin _ _ eat _ _ play _ _ study _ _ 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 2. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. 3. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 5.

15、My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 6. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 7. -When _ you _ (come) to china? -Last year. 8. _ (be) it cold in your city yesterday? 9. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term(学期)? 10. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening,

16、 but I _ (have) no time to watch it. 四、改错题(请改正每个句子中的一个错误) 1How is Jane yesterday? _ 2He go to school by bus last week. _ 3He goes home at 6:00 last month. _ 4I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5Did you saw him just now. _ 6Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _ 7I did not my homework yesterday. _ 8He wait

17、 for you three hours ago. _ 9Who find it just now? _ 二、英语书面表达专项训练2安全对每个人都很重要。请根据以下信息内容提示，写一篇关于校园安全的英语小短文。提示：1. 体育锻炼2. 上下楼梯3. 交朋结友4. 食品卫生要求： 1. 语句通顺，表达准确，内容连贯；2短文可以适当发挥；但要包含以上要点。3词数：80100词。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。Safety has become the focus to us all. How to be safe at school is especially important to us stu

18、dents._ _【答案】Safety has become the focus to us all. How to be safe at school is especially important to us students. First, we should take care not to get ourselves injured while we are having sports. Second, There are too many students at school, and our hallways are too narrow. So dont crowd with

19、each other especially when we go upstairs or downstairs. Or there may be an accident. Besides, we should be friendly and get on well with others, dont quarrel or even fight. Last but not least , We should be careful to eat healthy food and keep away from junk food, which is harmful to our health.In

20、a word, its important to remember these for us all.【解析】这是一篇给材料作文。结合要点提示，可知本文主要从三个方面进行叙述，注意围绕要点组织材料，适当发挥。根据材料内容确定主要句子的时态，及句式等重要内容。写作中注意语义通顺，符合逻辑关系。上下文之间可以适当使用连接词。3书面表达为了配合“足球进校园”活动，你们班开展了一次主题班会。请你以足球迷的身份，根据下列表格中的要点提示，用英语向同学们介绍足球这项运动并谈谈自己的梦想。常 识历史悠久，深受喜爱世界杯4年举行一次好 处男生女生皆可参加利于培养团队精神考生自拟(至少1点)偶 像梅西，有足球天

21、赋梦 想考生自拟(至少1点)注意：1. 词数90左右。短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；1.短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；2.短文中不得真实的人名、校名等相关信息。参考词汇：梅西 MessiDear classmates,Im very excited to hear that China will build 20,000 football-themed schools by 2020. Thank you for your attention.【答案】Dear classmates，Im very excited to hear that China w

22、ill build 20，000 football-themed schools by 2020Football has a very long historyIt is liked by people all over the worldThe World Cup takes place every four yearsPlaying football has lots of advantagesFirst，both boys and girls can take part in itSecond，it helps develop team spiritWhats more，playing

23、football is good for our healthIm a football fanMessi is my heroHe has a gift for playing footballMy dream is to become a famous football player like MessiI hope China will hold the World Cup some dayThank you for your attention【解析】【详解】试题分析：本题要求按提纲的提示，介绍足球运动并谈谈自己的梦想。要求仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确本文主要从三个方

24、面来写：介绍足球运动及其好处；说说自己的偶像；谈谈自己的梦想。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。写作亮点：本文语言精炼，像第二自然段的Football has a very long history. It is liked by people all over the world. The World Cup takes place every four years. it helps develop team spirit. Whats more, playing football is good for our health. 等等句子，简洁，但是句意表达清楚；同时，本文用了被动语态、动名词作主语、不定式作表语等等语法形式，使表达生动；用了first, second等使得短文层次清楚。4初中生活即将结束，学校英语俱乐部特邀你写一篇英语短文,给七年级新生的学习生活提几点建议。内容要点如下：1. 初中科目更多，好的学习方法很重要；2. 锻炼身体，保持健康；3. 参加社团活动，使学校生活丰富；4. 多读书，多交朋友；5. 补充一两点个人想法。注意：1. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；2. 词数：