全新版大学英语阅读教程二Lesson4翻译语法点练习题精华整理.docx

1、全新版大学英语阅读教程二Lesson4翻译语法点练习题精华整理Lesson 4 (Book 2)Background Information 1. Gerald F. Kreyche Gerald F. Kreyche (1927-2007) was the professor emeritus of philosophy at DePaul University, Chicago. He was also American Thought editor of USA Today, writing the magazines Parting Thoughts column. 2. Born T

2、o Lose LyricsBorn to lose, Ive lived my life in vainEvery dream has only brought me painAll my life, Ive always been so blueBorn to lose, and now Im losing you Born to lose, it seems so hard to bearHow I long to always have you nearYouve grown tired, and now you say were thruBorn to lose, and now Im

3、 losing you Born to lose, my every hope is goneIts so hard to face an empty dawnYou were all the happiness I knewBorn to lose, and now Im losing you Theres no use to dream of happinessAll I see is only lonelinessAll my life, Ive always been so blueBorn to lose, and now Im losing you 3. Country and W

4、estern SongCountry and western song is a type of American popular song that developed in the Southern United States during the 1800s. It combines elements of British and Anglo-American folk songs, the blues, religious songs and popular songs. 4. Johnny Cash Johnny Cash (1932-2003) was a popular Amer

5、ican country and western singer and song writer, known for his very deep voice. His style combines traditional country music with folk, gospel, blues, and rock and roll. Most of his songs deal compassionately with the hard lives of poor rural people. Many describe outsiders such as prisoners, outlaw

6、s, and other luckless people.Johnny Cash was born in Kingsland, Ark., to a poor sharecropper family. He taught himself to play the guitar during the 1950s and soon began to compose his own songs. He made his first record in 1955. His signature songs include Hey Porter(1955), I Walk the Line(1956), D

7、ont Take Your Guns to Town(1959), and Folsom Prison Blues(1955). 5. CrapsIn most gambling games, two dice are used. Players roll the dice on a craps table. When the dice stop rolling, the total number of dots on the top side of both dice determines the number used for that particular turn. Random ch

8、ance, not skill, decides which numbers appear on the dice. Craps is a popular gambling game played with two dice in which a first throw of 7 or 11 wins, a first throw of 2, 3, or 12 loses the bet, and a first throw of any other number (a point) must be repeated to win before a 7 is thrown, which los

9、es both the bet and the dice.6. Palmer HousePalmer House hotel is located in a place close to Chicagos business, shopping, and entertainment districts. It offers modern conveniences while maintaining historical elegance. 7. Native AmericanNative American, equivalent in some instances to the term Ame

10、rican Indian, is a member of any of the original peoples of America, especially of the US and Canada, who lived there before white people arrived. 8. The Pacific NorthwestThe Pacific Northwest is the area of the US which includes Washington State, Oregon, and northern California, especially along th

11、e Pacific coast. 9. Cheyenne IndiansCheyenne Indians are a group of American Indians separated geographically into two groups, the Northern Cheyenne and the Southern Cheyenne. Northern Cheyenne now live on a reservation(印第安人保留地)in Montana, and Southern Cheyenne live in Oklahoma. 10. The Battle of Be

12、echer Island (September 17-19, 1868) The Battle of Beecher Island was a fierce struggle between the United States Army and several of the Indian tribes. Although the Indian forces were numbered about 700, much more than 52 Army soldiers, they finally lose the battle.11. Roman Nose (1835-1868)Roman N

13、ose was born in about 1830. He was a Cheyenne war chief and was originally given the name Woquini. As he was young, a medicine man called White Bull made him a special war bonnet with eagle feathers. White Bull told him that the bonnet would protect him from his enemies arrows and bullets provided t

14、hat he obeyed strict taboos and carried out certain rituals. For example, he was warned that if he ate anything touched by metal, a lengthy purification ceremony was required to restore the war bonnets medicine; otherwise he would be killed in his next battle. During September 1868, Roman Nose accid

15、entally ate food touched by iron utensils (unknown to him, what he ate was made by his wife with an iron fork!). A day or two later, Indian allies came to summon Roman Nose to battle against a group of fifty-two soldiers headed by Colonel G. A. Forsyth. This was too soon for the required purificatio

16、n of his war bonnet. Roman Nose, who had declined to go into battle until his warriors urged him, put on his war bonnet and prepared to die. He rode into battle at Beechers Island, Colorado, and was quickly shot from his horse. He died the evening of September 17, 1868.12. Lucky CharmsLucky Charms i

17、s a type of sweet breakfast cereal with soft sweets in different colors and shapes including pink hearts and orange stars, eaten especially by children in the US(吉佳早餐麦片).13. Powerball LotteryPowerball is an American lottery game sold in 44 jurisdictions as a shared jackpot（累积奖金）game. It is coordinat

18、ed by the Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL), a non-profit organization formed by an agreement with lotteries. Powerball is a game whose advertised jackpot starts at $20 million (annuity) and can roll into the hundreds of millions over many drawings. The jackpot is paid as a 30-payment annuity （

19、年金）; players may choose cash instead. Powerball drawings are held Wednesdays and Saturdays at 10:59 p.m. Eastern time. The game currently uses a 5/59 (white balls) + 1/39 (Powerballs) matrix to select its winning numbers. The official cutoff time for ticket sales is one hour before drawings; some ju

20、risdictions cut sales earlier. The drawings usually are held at Universal Studios in Orlando, Florida. Occasionally, drawings are held on location, often to promote the games expansion to a new jurisdiction. The results of drawings are not official until they are audited by the accounting firm. Powe

21、rball holds the record for the largest prize awarded for one set of numbers drawn in a US lottery game; on February 18, 2006, one ticket won the $365 million jackpot. The eight people sharing the ticket chose the cash option, splitting $177,270,519.67 before withholdings.14. Fortune Cookie(签饼)Fortun

22、e cookie is a biscuit which contains a piece of paper telling what is going to happen in the future or a humorous statement. They are typically provided at the end of a meal in Chinese restaurants. 15. Horse BettingIn the United States, horse racing attracts millions of racing fans in over 100 race

23、tracks throughout the country. In the horse betting, all the money wagered on horses to win a race is combined in a fund called a pool. The odds are based on the proportion of the amount of money in the pool to the amount of bet on each horse. The horse on which the most money is wagered is the favo

24、rite. Horses with little backing are called long shots. The odds on a favorite may be 3 to 1, but the odds on a long shot may be 20 to 1. Such odds mean that if the favorite wins, people receive $3 for every $1 that they bet on it to win. If the long shot wins, they receive $20 for every $1 that the

25、y bet on it to win. The minimum wager is $1. A person wagers on a horse to win (finish first), place (finish second), or show (finish third) by purchasing one of three major types of tickets. The owner of a win ticket collects only if the horse wins the race. A person with a place ticket wins if the

26、 horse finishes first or second. People who purchase show tickets collect if the horse runs first, second, or third. Usually, a win ticket pays the most money, and a show ticket pays the least.16. Horace Walpole (1717-1797)Horace Walpole was an English letter writer and author. Even at a time when p

27、ersonal letters were considered a minor art form, Walpoles huge correspondence is remarkable. His witty letters provide an entertaining documentary of life in English high society. His most influential literary work is The Castle of Otranto (1764). This tale of terror and the supernatural was the fi

28、rst of what became known as Gothic novels. 17. Story of the Three Princes of SerendipityIn ancient times there existed in the country of Serendippo, in the Far East, a great and powerful king by the name of Giaffer. He had three sons who were very dear to him. And being a good father and very concer

29、ned about their education, he decided that he had to leave them endowed not only with great power, but also with all kinds of virtues of which princes are particularly in need. The father searches out the best possible tutors. And to them he entrusted the training of his sons, with the understanding

30、 that the best they could do for him was to teach them in such a way that they could be immediately recognized as his very own.When the tutors are pleased with the excellent progress the three princes make in arts and sciences they report it to the king. He however still doubts their training and su

31、mmoning each in turn, declares that he will retire to the contemplative life leaving them as king. Each politely declines, affirming the fathers superior wisdom and fitness to rule.The king is pleased, but fearing that his sons education may have been too sheltered and privileged, feigns anger at th

32、em for refusing the throne and sends them away from the land.No sooner do the three princes arrive abroad than they trace clues to precisely identify a camel they have never seen. They conclude that the camel is lame, blind in one eye, missing a tooth, carrying a pregnant woman, and bearing honey on one side and butter on the other. When they later encounter the merchant who has lost the camel, they report their observations to him. He accuses them of stealing the camel and takes them to the Empero