Literal Translation and Free Translation直译和意译探析文档格式.docx

1、 1.1 The definition of Literal translation and free translation 1 1.2 Analysis the main differences between Literal translation and free translation 1.3 Misunderstanding points of Literal translation and free translation 1.3.1 Literal translation is not word for word translation 1.3.2 Literal transl

2、ation is not dead translation1.3.3 Free translation is not Translation freely or do not add personal emotion to the original works1.3.4 Free translation needs extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language Chapter Two The application of Literal translation and free trans

3、lation 8 2.1 The application of Literal translation and free translation in literature 8 2.2 The application of Literal translation and free translation in proverb 2.3 The application of Literal translation and free translation in idiom Chapter Three Combination of literal and liberal translation 24

4、Conclusion 32Notes Bibliography内容摘要本文的题目是论直译和意译，讲的是直译与字译，意译与乱译及直译与意译的区别。说到直译、字译和乱译、意译，有人也许会认为这是一个老掉牙的话题，早已跟不上时代的潮流了。殊不知，以“直译”和“意译”为幌子，字字对译，死译、硬译、胡译、乱译的人仍不在少数;不懂直译、意译兼用之妙，只信奉直译一种方法，或意译一种方法,一条路走到黑的译者也大有人在。本文正是要还直译、意译一个本来面目，不仅论其长，而且论其短，旨在说明如何选择正确的翻译方法，不断提高翻译作品的质量。 直译和意译作为一种翻译流派或曰翻译方法，在中国翻译界可以说是源远流长。人们认

5、为直译既忠实于原文又可以“输入新的表现法”，是一种理想的翻译方法;有的人则认为直译太过拘泥于原文，缺乏变通，实际上无异于逐字翻译，应予以排斥。这些观点往往只集中于直译的某个侧面，见木不见林，未免失之偏颇。本文试图对直译进行全面而公正的评述，既肯定直译从本质上区别于字字对译、字比句次的逐字翻译或曰字译，又强调直译的适用有其局限性，必须引入一种与之互补的翻译方法即意译，二者交相为用，扬长避短，方能产生好的译文。本文的第章谈的直译与意译的概念，由此来说明直译与意译的本质区别和误区。直译不等与字字对译、死译、硬译，意译不等于胡译、乱译。本文的第章谈的便是直译与意译的应用，说明并不是在任何情况都可以使用

6、直译或意译的。本文的第章谈的直译与意译的兼用。俗话说，“实践出真知。”本文正是从翻译实践出发，译本大量翻译实例为基础，发现问题并试图解决问题，进行分析、总结、归纳。对拘泥于原文形式，亦步亦趋，逐字死译、硬译和胡译乱译译者敲一下警钟。关键词直译，意译，兼用Abstract The title of this article is the literal and free translation。It introduces literal and free translation free translation and，the differences between literal and fr

7、ee translation。When we talk about literal translation, word for word translation, translation freely and free translation, some people may think it is an outdated topic which could not follow the trend of time. However, taking the he literal and free translation as the shop sign, many people do word

8、 for word translation, died translation, translation freely without some rules. Some people do not know how to use literal and free translation together, only believe in one way: literal translation or free translation without any changes. The article will give the real condition of literal and free

9、 translation, not only talk about their advantage, but also disadvantage, aiming to explain how to choose the correct way of translation, and improve the quality of translation works.The literal and free translation as a kind of translation school or translation method, has a long history in the tra

10、nslation field. People think that the literal translation is loyal to the original text with the input of new way to express, so it is an ideal way of translation. Other people think literal translation is bounded to the original text without changes. Actually it has no differences with word for wor

11、d translation, so should be rejected. These views only focus on one aspect of literal translation, and lack completed consideration. The article tried to give a completed and fair explanation. It makes sure that literal translation is different from word for word translation, translation freely, and

12、 emphasizes the limitation of literal translation. We should introduce another way of translation- free translation. Only when we make a good use of the two the literal and free translation, can we produce the good versions.Chapter one introduced the concept of literal and free translation, to expla

13、in the essential differences between literal and free translation and the habited mistakes. literal translation does not equal to word for word translation, died translation, and free translation does not equal to translate freely without any rules.Chapter two talked the usages of literal and free t

14、ranslation, concluded that literal or free translation could not be used in any condition.Chapter three talked about the combination of literal and free translation.As an saying goes:“only by practice, the real knowledge can be acquired.”This thesis started from the translation practice, listed many

15、 translation examples as the basic to find the questions and try to settle them, and made the analysis summarization and conclusion. The author hopes the article can give some warnings to those translators who are only bounded to the form of the original text, word for word translating without chang

16、es and translating causally as they like.Key words: literal translating, free translation, combination IntroductionTalking about translation approaches, one may naturally think about the two terms popular among Chinese translators, namely literal translation and free translation which made their app

17、earances almost simultaneously in Chinese translation history, Among other things, literal translation is regarded as equal to“word-for-word translation”by a considerable number of translators, However, literal translation is actually different from word-for-word translation, which will be clarified

18、 in detail afterwards. As is known to all, literal translation or free translation has been generally acknowledged as a principal and effective translation approach handed down from generation to generation. However, different viewpoints, complimentary or derogatory have never ceased. Just take the

19、great debate launched by Lu Xun and Liang Shiqiu as an example, as a steadfast advocate and defender of literal translation, Lu Xun had truly believed that the method of literal translation could not only convey fresh ideas but more importantly bring in new ways of expression; whereas Liang Shiqiu a

20、nd later his follower Zhao Jingshen, both are enthusiastic supporters of free translation, labeled literal translation as“rigid translation”and went so far as to allege “expressiveness rather than faithfulness”. Although theorists afterwards gradually developed a more moderate attitude toward litera

21、l translation., some of them still mistook word-for-word translation for literal translation or at least regarded word-for-word translation as one type of literal translation, and some of them, while talking of literal translation in contrast with free translation, concentrated mainly on culture-spe

22、cific expressions such as idioms, proverb, concluded that free translation is better than literal translation.In this thesis, The author goes on to give in-depth descriptions of both literal translation and free translation which are certainly one step further than the definitions offered by previou

23、s theorists and critics who touched the subject but failed to give a full-view-picture. While differentiating literal translation and free translation, the author did not choose to prove her views through argumentation and she would rather give descriptions to communicate her opinions regarding lite

24、ral translation and free translation. The author tries to give a complete and just assessment of literal translation by comparing it respectively with word-for-word translation and free translation. In the first chapter is devoted to the definition of literal translation and free translation. From d

25、efinitions we analyze the main differences between Literal translation and free translation and point out misunderstanding points of literal translation and free translation. In the second chapter is to explain of the application of Literal translation and free translation in literature, proverb, an

26、d idiom.In the third chapter, however, weaknesses or limitations of literal translation will be revealed through contrast with free translation in areas and the necessity of combining literal translation with free translation thus emerges.Throughout the thesis, the author has employed a large number

27、 of examples to explain literal translation and free translation.Chapter One Literal Translation and Free TranslationPeople often discuss literal translation and free translation. Literal translation and free translation are two methods of translation. Literal translation is a good choice to use; it

28、 keeps the original message form. Free translation is a translation skill which is flexible; it expresses general idea of the original. More details are given below. 1.1 The Definition of Literal Translation and Free TranslationLiteral translation and free translation are two basic skills of transla

29、tion. Literal translation refers to translate a sentence originally, keep the original message form, including construction of sentence, meaning of the original words, and metaphor of the original and so on. Translation would be fluent and easy to comprehend by target language readers. Free translat

30、ion refers to, according to the meaning of the original, without paying attention to the details but translation would also be fluent and natural. Free translation need not pay attention to the form of the original, including construction of the original sentences, meaning of the original works, and

31、 metaphor of the original and so on. But free translation does not mean to delete or add content to the original and translators must consider the original carefully, know its stress, translate it naturally, and express the meaning of the original. Free translation is a skill which translators must know the culture of both source language and target language, and must have extensive knowledge. When translating, should not use literal translation completely or use free translation completely. According to the passage which you are translating, you should use literal translation freq