职称英语理工A真题及答案文档格式.docx

1、BroyalCsincereDgenuine4Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.AsimplicityBattractionCpowerDrigor5Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzle.AmistBfogCsecretDmystery6John was irritated by the necessity for polite conversation,AtroubledBannoyedCthreatenedDarous

2、ed7Academic records cannot be duplicated.AborrowedBpurchasedCcopiedDrewritten8The emphasis on the importance of education has spurred scientific researchAencouragedBfastenedCraisedDinitiated9We have ample money for the journeyAsomeBlittleCenoughDextra10 The doctors pills worked marvels for me.Amirac

3、lesBpatientsCillnessDrecovery11 Marys perpetual moaning nearly drove me mad.AendlessBmonotonousCseriousDbitter12 It was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatmentAoldBunforgettableCunfairDfunny13 You didnt adhere to these principles.AorderBfollowCproveDhandle14 The farmers also want to u

4、se the water to irrigate the barren land.AemptyBhairlessCsmoothDbare15 Anyone who wants to apply for a loan need read the following specifications.AexpressionsBwarningsCadvertisementsDinstructions第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没

5、有提及，请选择C。Water-the Issue of This CenturyThe world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and Thirstier（渴的）, with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce （缺乏）. Half the worlds wetlands have disappeared during the last century, while estimates suggest that w

6、ater use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the worlds population, concentrated in Africa, the Middle East and south Asia, will face severe water shortages by 2025. Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in

7、some regions.A similar picture emerges from the globes salt water regions. Three-quarters of the worlds people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025, putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries （渔业） are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and h

8、alf the worlds coral reefs （珊瑚礁） may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficien

9、tly.Fresh water consumption is rising quickly, and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.A third of the worlds population - around two billion people - live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages

10、. That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions （制度） change to ensure better conservation and allocation of water.China is one country where the portents （征兆） are gloomy. The most water-stressed country in East Asia, China is exploiting 44% of its usable water,

11、a figure projected to rise to 60% by 2020. Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60% is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although Chinas total use appears still to be reasonable, it has several basins that are severely stres

12、sed environmentally.Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and will exceed them in India by 2020. In the Middle East and North Africa, only Morocco has unexploited water resources. The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层） - bodies o

13、f water-bearing rock - the report says.16It is estimated that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned17Most developed countries will face water shortages in 20 years.18Most of the worlds population may live within 100km of the sea in 2025.19Almost all coral reefs m

14、ay disappear in 100 years.20Some species of fish in the Atlantic are at dangerously low levels.21The World Bank report implies that urgent action should be taken to protect water supplies.22India exceeds environmental limits for water use.第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6

15、个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Chimpanzees1Chimpanzees （黑猩猩） will soon be extinct （灭绝）. If the present rate of hunting and habitat （栖息地） destruction continues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or mora

16、l tragedy （悲剧）. Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications （含意） for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings.2In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes （基因组） match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse, use

17、d as model for human disease in lab tests, which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should b

18、e enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority （优先）. But there is another, more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.3The chimpanzees trump card （王牌） comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians （兽医） often refer to human medical textbooks

19、when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting.4For example, chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV, the virus that causes AI

20、DS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant.5By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing （找到） the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic cod

21、e gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration （改变） of the human genetic sequence. The re

22、cently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.23Paragraph 1 .24Paragraph 2 .25Paragraph 3 .26Paragraph 4 .AGenetic differences between chimps and humansBReasons for HIV resistanceCImplications of chimpanzee extinction for humansDEffective

23、 AIDS treatmentEGenetic similarities between chimps and humansFChimps resistance to HIV27Chimpanzee extinction may affect28There is a difference of less than 2% between the chimp and29Scientists suspect that genes play a significant role in protecting chimps from getting30The discovery of the geneti

24、c code of chimps will be helpful toAhealthier lifestyleBsome human disease treatmentsCsome diseasesDhuman survivalEhuman genomesFkey areas第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adul

25、ts still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.Around 55 percent of people aged 18-34 in Spain still sleep in their parents homes, says the latest report from the countrys state-run Institute of Youth.To coax （劝诱） young people from their homes, the Institute start

26、ed a Youth Emancipation （解放） program this month. The program offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.Economists blame young peoples family dependence on the precarious （不稳定的） labor market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.Cultural reasons also co

27、ntribute to the problem, say sociologists （社会学家）. Family ties in south Europe - Italy, Portugal and Greece - are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding.In general, yo

28、ung people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized, said Minguez.In Spain - especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews （外侄/侄子） all living on the same street. They re

29、gularly get together for Sunday dinner.Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late-night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules.A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain hell put up a fight and call the father a fascist, said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos III University in Madrid.Mothers willingness to do childrens household chores （家务） worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60-year-old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s. The eldest, 28, has a girlf