2牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习.docx

1、2牛津高中英语模块一至四语法总结及练习 牛津英语模块1至模块4语法总结及练习第一单元一 定语从句：定语从句的介绍1. 就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。形容词： The green team介词短语：The team in green定语从句：The team who were wearing green2. 定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which, that, who, whom, whose,或关系副词来引导，如when, where, why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语从句中担当

2、状语。如：做主语The trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves.做宾语The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school.做表语Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.做定语She has a brother whose name I cant remember.做状语The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.二 定语从句：关系代词：

3、that，which，who，whom，和whose1. 在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。eg：This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest.2. 在定语从句中，who 用来指代人。eg：I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UK.3. 当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。eg：I dont know the name of the teacher who/whom I

4、saw in the computer room the other day.4. 当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。eg：He likes all the birthday presents(that/which)his friends gave him.5. Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。eg：I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturda

5、y afternoon.第二单元一 定语从句：介词提前的定语从句（prepositionwhich; prepositionwhom）1. 当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的前面。eg：We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions.2. 在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。eg：Art is the subject which I know little about.3. 如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which 可以被that取代，whom可以

6、被that和who取代。eg：Dad is a person whom/that/who I can easily talk to.4. 当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常省略关系代词who和that。eg：The topic (which) Eric is interested in is Physics.Daniel is the person (whom) I want to make friends with.5. 当先行词是way时，我们用in which或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，in which或that 可以被省略。eg：I d

7、idnt like the way (that /in which) she talked to me.二 定语从句：关系副词：when，where，why1 我们通常用关系副词when 引导先行词是time，moment，day，season，year 等的定语从句。eg：Do you remember the day when we left you in charge?I often think of the moment when I saw the UFO.2 我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world等的定语从句。

8、eg：The police searched the house where the thief had stayed.This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished.3 我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。eg：I dont know the reason why the house is so dirty.4 在更加正式的英语中，where，when和why能够被介词which 所替代。eg：The study is the place where/in which I often have talks

9、 with my father.This is the reason why/for which my parents got home earlier.It rained the whole day when/on which he traveled with his family.第三单元一 定语从句：非限制性定语从句1 非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句，在非限制性定语从句前通常有个逗号。eg：Amy, who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important.My pills are in the b

10、athroom, where I always keep them.2 当先行词是整个主句时，可以用which来引导定语从句。eg：He missed the show, which was a great pity.3 我们可以用allwhom/which 来表示全部数量，用some ofwhom/which来表示部分数量。eg：I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health.Many people, some of whom are not overweight, ar

11、e going on diet.定语从句练习1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one4.

12、 The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that5. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what6. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whe

13、ther7. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which8. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which9. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what10. Were talking about the piano and

14、 the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that11. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that againsts B. that against C. who is against D. who are against12. Didnt you see the man _?I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now

15、D. I nodded to just now13. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs14. - “How do you like the book?” - “Its quite different from _ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what15. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils e

16、xcept _ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others16. The train _ she was travelling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that17. Its the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived18. May the f

17、ourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which19. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A. in which B. where C. which D. that20. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what21. He has two sons,

18、_ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom22. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is23. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which24. The two th

19、ings _they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which25. Do you know which hotel _? A. she is staying B. she is staying in C. is she staying D. is she staying in26. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C

20、. where D. in that27. The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, _much help for knowing space.which we think it is B. which we think are of C. of which we think is D. I think which is of28. The great day we looked forward to _ at last A. come B. came C. coming D. comes29. I like the second

21、 football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /30. This is the very film _ Ive long wished to see. A. which B. that C. who D. whom31.The house _the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery. A. that B. where C. what D. when32.The doctor did all_ to save the wounded boy.A. what h

22、e could B. he could C. everything which he could D. for which he could do33. _you know, he is a famous musician. A. As B. which C. That D.34.He is the only one of the three_ got the new idea. A. who have B. whom have C. who has D. whose had35.This is the baby_ tomorrow. A. after whom I shall look B.

23、 whom I shall look after C. whose I shall look after D. after whom I shall look after36. These students will graduate from the university next summer, _ they will have studied here for four years. A. by then B. by that time C. by what time D. by which time37. This is the house the window _ faces the

24、 south. A. of which B. which C. of it D. whose38. It is five oclock in the afternoon _ they arrived at the hotel. A. since B. before C. when D. that39. In some countries, _is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people. A. which B. what C. that D. one40. - How about the games?

25、-Very interesting, and the ones _the young men competed were really exciting A. what B. for whom C. where D. in which二 附加疑问句1 附加疑问句是放在陈述句后面的短问句。它们通常被用在口语中来引出一段对话，以一个更加礼貌的方式来询问信息，温柔的发号施令或要求某人做某事。我们用附加疑问句来询问意见或征求同意。当我们用附加疑问句来询问意见时，为了期待对方能同意我们的观点，附加疑问句会用降调来表达。当我们用附加疑问句来征求同意时，我们实际上是在询问我们自己也不太能确信的事情，这时候附

26、加疑问句会用升调来表达。2 附加疑问句的构成有以下几种：1） 在肯定的陈述句之后，我们会用否定的附加疑问句。在否定的陈述句之后，我们会用肯定的附加疑问句。eg：We can still be friends, cant we?He doesnt like ice cream, does he?当主句中有像neither，none，nobody，nothing，few，little，never，hardly或seldom这类词时，它们被认为是否定的，因此后面会跟个肯定的附加疑问句。eg：Neither of you will have coffee, will you?No one has fo

27、und my CD, have they?Nobody understood his speech, did they?His sister seldom argues with people, does she?人称代词如I，we，you，he，she，it或they会放在附加疑问句中。eg：I was pretty silly, wasnt I?Everyone has advises you not to go on a diet, havent you?助动词，情态动词或be动词会放在附加疑问句中。eg：You like traveling, dont you?There is som

28、ething wrong, isnt there?You cant speak Italian, can you?祁使句后用will you， Lets后用shall weeg：Post a letter for me, will you?Lets have a break, shall we?反意疑问句1 He hurt his leg when playing football. He is very unlucky, _ he?A is B didnt C isnt D does2 John is a diligent student who spends most of his tim

29、e studying, _ he?A hadnt B had C does D isnt3 They dont answer the phone when I call. -There isnt any one at home then, _?A isnt there B is there C is it D isnt it4 It seldom snows in winter in Shanghai, _?A doesnt it B isnt it C is it D does it5 She has already plans for the summer holidays, _?A ha

30、snt she B isnt she C doesnt she D hadnt it6 Mother loves reading. She never spends time watching TV, _?A does she B will she C have she D doesnt she7 It is the first time that she has been to the United States, _?A isnt she B isnt it C hasnt she D hasnt it8 I dont think he is right, _?A do I B dont I C is he D isnt he第一单元一 现在完成时态1 我们用现在完成时态来表示在最近的过去发生的但跟现在有联系的事情。eg：The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy.2 我们也用现在完成时态来表示在过去刚开始，并且现在还没结束的事情。eg：I have not seen Justin since las