必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela关系副词引导的定语从句Word文档格式.docx

1、The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.我们住的旅馆很不干净。The house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now.=The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired now.鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在正在修葺。2. 若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句，而不用where来引导。The library where st

2、udents often study was on fire last night.学生们经常在那学习的图书馆昨天晚上失火了。The library, which was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.那所建于20世纪30年代的图书馆该修葺一下了。The library that/ which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.你昨天参观的图书馆建于1990年。3. 如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, stage, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思

3、是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。但并非所有的情况都如此。until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.直到今天我们已到了几乎没有任何权利的地步。The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.我已到了无法忍受他的地步。Do you have anything to say

4、for yourself?Yes, theres one point that we must insist on . 你有没有什么要说的？是的，有一点我们必须要坚持。【典型例题】1. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where2. Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A. why B. what C

5、. that D. where3. I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A. which B. where C. how D. why 4. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days.A. where B. there C. which D. when 答案：D D B A（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。The time wh

6、en I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。We will put off the outing until next week, when we wont be so busy.我们的外出游玩将推迟到下一周， 那时我们就不那么忙了。1. 关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为介词+which引导的定语从句。I still remember the time when （during which ） I lived in the countr

7、yside.我还记得我住在乡下的时候。I will never forget the days when （ on which ） we worked together.我永远忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。2. 若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。Ill never forget the time that / which I spent on campus.我永远不会忘记我在校园里度过的那一段时光。Ill never forget the time that/ which was spent with you.我永远不会忘记我和你共度的那段时

8、光。1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since2. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A. which B. whose C. in which D. with whichB C （三）关系副词why 引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其

9、先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：excuse ; explanation; reason等。The reason why he didnt come to the party is that he didnt want to see Jane.他没有来参加宴会的原因是他不想见到简。We cant accept the excuse why you were absent.我们无法接受你缺席的借口。This is the explanation why they put off the meeting.这就是他们推迟会议的解释。1. 关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为for +which 引

10、导的定语从句。This is the reason why （ = for which ） I didnt come here.这就是我不来这儿的原因。2. 若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。The reason that/ which she gave was not true.她给的原因不是真的。即学即用1） The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill.2） The reason _he explained is not true. 1） why 2） that/ which （四

11、）判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词；而不及物动词则要用关系副词。1. This is the mountain village _I visited last year.2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.3. This is the mountain village _ I stayed in last year.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。1. Is this mu

12、seum _ you visited a few days ago?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?解题思路：题干句如果是疑问句式，要将其转化为陈述句式。方法二中的第一个句子变为肯定句：This museum is _ you visited a few days ago.第二个句子变为肯定句：This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 归纳：关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定

13、、宾语时，选择关系代词 （who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。（五）定语从句与其他从句的比较1. 非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较He has two sons. Both of_ are teachers. He has two sons, and both of _are teachers.He has two sons; both of _are teachers.He has two sons, both of _are teachers.A. th

14、em B. whom分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子The earth is round, and _is known to all._is known to all, the earth is round._is known to all that the earth is round. A. it B. A（a）s AB 3. 定语从句和状语从句（1） This is such a big stone _no one can lift it.This is such a big stone _no o

15、ne can lift.从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。（2） Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find it.Please put the letter where he can easily find it.where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。4. when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。It was October _we met in Beijing for the first time.

16、It was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.强调句句型：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who +其它部分，去掉It is/wasthat/who, 句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。解题技巧：1. 通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。2. 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。3. 分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and, but等。即学即用：1） Yesterday my physics t

17、eacher set such a difficult exam problem _ none of us worked out. A. that B. as C. so that D. which2） Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends.A. which B. that C. whom D. them3） It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.A. which B. that C. when D. on whichB C C【模拟试题】（答题时间：

18、60分钟）一、单项选择1. He made up his mind to devote his life to _pollution from _again.A. preventing ; happening B. prevent ; happen C. preventing ; happens D. preventing ; will happen 2. The October ,2008_another successful launch of the manned spaceship in China.A. have seen B. had seen C. saw D. was seei

19、ng *3. In order to compete with others , a factory should aim at _rather than _.A. quantity ; quality B. quality ; quantity C. quantities ; qualities D. quality ; quantities*4. It is said that terrorists will still take action to attack the United States and the UK although _attack on Englishs airpl

20、ane in August,2006 was _failure.A. the; the B. the; a C. an; the D. an ; a *5. I will remember the trouble you have taken _me with my English.A. help B. helped C. to help D. helps6. All the neighbors admire this family _the parents are treating their child like a friend.A. why B. where C. which D. t

21、hat 7. Fitness is important in sport , but of at least _importance are skills.A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper*8. The students didnt pay attention to the use _the computer lab,_ made teachers so angry.A. which they made of ; it B. they made use of; it C. which they made use; that D. they mad

22、e of ;which9. The US government announced a US $5 million _last Wednesday for information leading to the arrest （逮捕）of the murder.A. award B. reward C. prize D. praise *10. It was in the garden of his old house _he grew up _he dug out a pot of gold.A. that; that B. where; where C. where; that D. tha

23、t ; where*11. Mrs. Black took the police back to _place _she witnessed the accident.A. same; as B. the same ; where C. same ; that D. the same ; when 12. Finally they arrived at a place _sold cigarettes and other small things.A. where B. which C. in which D. what *13. The time he has devoted in the

24、past ten years _the disabled is now considered _of great value.A. to help; being B. to helping ; to be C. to help ; to be D. helping ;being *14. The murder was _prison and before long _.A. put in the ; sentenced to death B. sent to ; sentenced to deathC. put into ;sentenced death D. put in ; sentenc

25、ed to die15. He has some trouble _his classmates, but he has no trouble _doing his lesson.A. with ; with B. in; in C. with; in D. in ; with 二、完形填空Henry Ford was the first one to build cars which were fast, reliable（可靠的）and cheap. He was able to 16 millions of them 17 he “massproduced（大批量生产）” them; 1

26、8 , he had made a great many cars of 19 the same type. Henry Fords 20had hoped that his son would become a 21 , but the young man did not like the 22 and went to Detroit where he 23 as a mechanic. 24 the time he was twentynine，in 1892, he 25 his first car. The 26 massproduced car in the world, the f

27、amous” Model T”27 in 1908five years 28 Henry had started his great Ford Motor Company. This car 29 to be so popular 30 it remained 31 for twenty years. 32 Henry Fords time, massproduction techniques（技术） have become 33 in industry（工业）and 34 the price of a great many products which 35 would be very ex

28、pensive. 16. A. sell B. buy C. invent D. discover17. A. though B. unless C. because D. if18. A. which is B. that is C. what is D. it is19. A. perhaps B. almost C. somewhat D. exactly20. A. uncle B. father C. brother D. neighbor21. A. mechanic B. engineer C. editor D. farmer22. A. wish B. hope C. idea D. think23. A. worked B. learned C. taught D. drove24. A. By B. Until C. For D. In25. A. build B.