论《白鲸》中白鲸的象征意义论文(修改后).doc

1、 On Symbolism of the White Whale in Moby Dick Zhao Cuiting赵萃婷AcknowledgementsI would like to take this chance to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Shu Jingwei, who is the lecturer in the Foreign Languages and Literature Department for her kindly assistance and valuable suggestions durin

2、g the process of my thesis writing. His willingness to give his time so generously has been very much appreciated. My gratitude also extends to all the teachers who taught me during my undergraduate years for their kind encouragement and patient instructions.Last but not the least; I would like to o

3、ffer my particular thanks to my friends and family, for their encouragement and support for the completion of this thesis.First and foremost, I appreciate my country who gives me a comfortable learning atmosphere. Second, I would like to show my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Shu Jingwei, who h

4、as walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his illuminating instruction and patience, this thesis could not have reached its present form. I am also greatly indebted to all my teachers who have helped me to develop the fundamental and essential academic competence. My

5、 sincere appreciation also goes to all my classmates, who are my proud of my life. Last but not least, I want to thank all my friends, especially my three lovely roommates, for their encouragement and support.The white whale likes a symbol of the labyrinth. From the people, macro features, small sta

6、tionary objects almost always have multiple layers of symbolism. This paper begins with a brief introduction to the life of Melville and his writing style and content of the white whale, pave the way for the in-depth analysis of the context. The second part, the writer focus on symbolism from a gene

7、ral angle and narrow angle analysis, and proposed a theory of symbolism, revealing the function of symbolism in literature. The next three parts the writer has an in-depth analysis of the symbolism of the white whale: Beluga incarnation of evil, all-powerful all-knowing God and not to resist nature.

8、 Finally, the article has once stressed the importance of the application of symbolismContentsAbstract (English)iAbstract (Chinese)iiIntroduction1A. Introduction to Herman Melville (1819-1891)31. His great success as a writer can be attributed to many factors.32. Nathaniel Hawthorne exerts a profoun

9、d influence on him.33. His writing is consciously literary.44. His style is highly symbolic and metaphorical.4B. Introduction to Moby Dick51. Symbolism makes Moby Dick a great success52. Herman Melville was the celebrated author of several big 19th-century novels about the sea.5.Extended meaning of

10、Moby Dick6A. Symbolism61. Symbol62. Symbolism63. Functions of Symbolism7B. Symbolism of Evil71. Transcendentalism and Anti-transcendentalism72. The Nature of Evil73. Symbols of Evil8II. Symbolism of God8A. View of God in Anti- transcendentalism8B. The Symbol of God9III. Symbolism of Nature9A. View o

11、f Nature9B. symbol of nature9Conclusion10Bibliography11Graduation Thesis of University of Science and Technology，Liaoning Zhao 12 AbstractHerman Melville has been considered as one of the greatest writers in American literature of the19th century. The success of this masterpiece is largely attribute

12、d to its adoption of symbolism. In light of this, it is both penetrating and comprehensive to study symbolism and to explore the symbolic elements in Moby Dick so as to bring about a deeper understanding of the authors penetration into humanity and liberalism. At the beginning of the thesis, a brief

13、 introduction to the author, Herman Melville and Moby Dick is presented so as to pave the way for further exploration. In the following part, the focus is put on the analysis of symbolism in both broad sense and narrow sense. It begins with the analysis of symbol, which is an important means of symb

14、olism. Furthermore, theories concerning symbolism are put forward, and in the end, the functions of symbolism in literature are displayed to full. The next three parts bring the thesis to highlight by probing into the symbolism of Moby Dick, the white whale, who stands for evil, God and nature from

15、different perspectives. The thesis ends with reiterating the significance of symbolism adopted in Moby Dick.The white whale likes a symbol of the labyrinth. From the people, macro features, small stationary objects almost always have multiple layers of symbolism. This paper begins with a brief intro

16、duction to the life of Melville and his writing style and content of the white whale, pave the way for the in-depth analysis of the context. The second part, the writer focus on symbolism from a general angle and narrow angle analysis, and proposed a theory of symbolism, revealing the function of sy

17、mbolism in literature. The next three parts the writer has a in-depth analysis of the symbolism of the white whale: Beluga incarnation of evil, all-powerful all-knowing God and not to resist nature. Finally, the article has once stressed the importance of the application of symbolismKey words: Moby

18、Dick symbolism evil God nature摘要白鲸作者赫尔曼尔维麦尔被公认为19世纪美国最伟大的作家之一，白鲸这部杰作的成功在很大程度上归功于象征主义手法的应用。鉴于此，笔者认为剖析白鲸中的象征主义元素，意义深远，有助于我们更加深入的解读麦尔维尔对于人性和自由主义的理解。白鲸真的给了我很多的启示，你对待他人怎样，他人就会对待你怎样。你不去招惹别人，别人更不会冒犯你的。对待什么事物，可以不要过分的认真，当然我是指一些无意义的认真，也许就是那些你所认为的执着会害了你自己。白鲸是一部融戏剧、冒险、哲理、研究于一体的鸿篇巨制。依托美国资本主义上升时期工业发达、物质进步的时代背景,作者

19、将艺术视角伸向了艰辛险阻、财源丰厚的捕鲸业,以沉郁瑰奇的笔触讲述了亚哈船长指挥下的“裴廓德号”捕鲸船远航追杀白鲸最后与之同归于尽的海洋历险故事。在与现实生活的相互映照中,作者寓事于理,寄托深意,或讲历史,谈宗教,或赞自然,论哲学,闲聊中透射深刻哲理,平叙中揭示人生真谛,不但为航海、鲸鱼、捕鲸业的科学研究提供了丰富的材料,而且展现了作家对人类文明和命运的独特反思。难怪这部表面看似杂乱无章、结构松散的皇皇巨著被冠以各种形式的名字:游记、航海故事、寓言、捕鲸传说、有关鲸鱼与捕鲸业的百科全书、美国史诗、莎士比亚式的悲剧、抒情散文长诗、塞万提斯式的浪漫体小说它就像一座深邃神奇的艺术迷宫,呈现出异彩纷繁的

20、多维性、开放性和衍生性,具有开掘不尽的恒久艺术价值。白鲸像一座象征主义的迷宫。这里大到典型人物、宏观景物,小到静止的物体几乎都具有多层次的象征意义。本文首先简要介绍了麦尔维尔的生平和他的创作风格以及白鲸的相关内容，为下文的深入分析铺平道路。第二部分，笔者着重从广义角度和狭义角度分析了象征主义，并提出了象征主义的相关理论，揭示象征主义在文学创作方面的作用。接下来三部分笔者深入剖析白鲸的象征意义：白鲸邪恶的化身、全能全知的上帝及不可反抗的自然。最后，本文再次强调了象征主义手法的应用的重要性。关键词： 白鲸 象征主义 邪恶 上帝 自然On Symbolism of the White Whale i

21、n Moby DickIntroductionI am the narrator, announces his intent to ship aboard a whaling vessel. He has made several voyages as a sailor but none as a whaler. He travels to New Bedford, Massachusetts, where he stays in a whalers inn. Since the inn is rather full, he has to share a bed with a harpoone

22、r from the South Pacific named Queequeg. At first repulsed by Queequegs strange habits and shocking appearance (Queequeg is covered with tattoos), Ishmael eventually comes to appreciate the mans generosity and kind spirit, and the two decide to seek work on a whaling vessel together. They take a fer

23、ry to Nantucket, the traditional capital of the whaling industry. There they secure berths on the Pequod, a savage-looking ship adorned with the bones and teeth of sperm whales. Peleg and Bildad, the Pequods Quaker owners, drive a hard bargain in terms of salary. They also mention the ships mysterio

24、us captain, Ahab, who is still recovering from losing his leg in an encounter with a sperm whale on his last voyage.The Pequod leaves Nantucket on a cold Christmas Day with a crew made up of men from many different countries and races. Soon the ship is in warmer waters, and Ahab makes his first appe

25、arance on deck, balancing gingerly on his false leg, which is made from a sperm whales jaw. He announces his desire to pursue and kill Moby Dick, the legendary great white whale who took his leg, because he sees this whale as the embodiment of evil. Ahab nails a gold doubloon to the mast and declare

26、s that it will be the prize for the first man to sight the whale. As the Pequod sails toward the southern tip of Africa, whales are sighted and unsuccessfully hunted. During the hunt, a group of men, none of whom anyone on the ships crew has seen before on the voyage, emerges from the hold. The mens

27、 leader is an exotic-looking man named Fedallah. These men constitute Ahabs private harpoon crew, smuggled aboard in defiance of Bildad and Peleg. Ahab hopes that their skills and Fedallahs prophetic abilities will help him in his hunt for Moby Dick.The Pequod rounds Africa and enters the Indian Oce

28、an. A few whales are successfully caught and processed for their oil. From time to time, the ship encounters other whaling vessels. Ahab always demands information about Moby Dick from their captains. One of the ships, the Jeroboam, carries Gabriel, a crazed prophet who predicts doom for anyone who

29、threatens Moby Dick. His predictions seem to carry some weight, as those aboard his ship who have hunted the whale have met disaster. While trying to drain the oil from the head of a captured sperm whale, Tashtego, one of the Pequods harpooners, falls into the whales voluminous head, which then rips

30、 free of the ship and begins to sink. Queequeg saves Tashtego by diving into the ocean and cutting into the slowly sinking head.During another whale hunt, Pip, the Pequods black cabin boy, jumps from a whaleboat and is left behind in the middle of the ocean. He goes insane as the result of the exper

31、ience and becomes a crazy but prophetic jester for the ship. Soon after, the Pequod meets the Samuel Enderby, whaling ship whose skipper, Captain Boomer, has lost an arm in an encounter with Moby Dick. The two captains discuss the whale; Boomer, happy simply to have survived his encounter, cannot un

32、derstand Ahabs lust for vengeance. Not long after, Queequeg falls ill and has the ships carpenter make him a coffin in anticipation of his death. He recovers, however, and the coffin eventually becomes the Pequods replacement life buoy.Ahab orders a harpoon forged in the expectation that he will soon encounter Moby Dick. He baptizes the harpoon with the blood of the Pequods three harpooners. The Pequod