英语专业四级考试阅读理解冲刺题文档格式.docx

1、In an interview with Readers Digest， he said that the United States has “lost its bearings” by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society“An ethical society，” he said， “is one which matches human rights with responsibilities”1What characterizes Singapores advancement is its_Acomputer mo

2、nitoringBwork efficiencyChigh productivityDvalue on ethics2From Nixons perspective， Lee is_Aalmost as great as ChurchillBnot as great as ChurchillConly second to Churchill in being a leaderDjust as great as Churchill3In the last paragraph， “lost its bearings” may mean_Abecome impatientBfailed to fin

3、d the right positionClost its foundationDgrown band-mannered4“You can be anything here”（Paragraph 5） may be paraphrased as_AYou can hope for a very bright prospectBYou may be able to do anything neededCYou can choose any job as you likeDYou will become an outstanding worker5In Singapore， the concept

4、 of efficiency_Ahas been emphasized throughout the countryBhas become an essential quality for citizens to aim atCis brought forward by the government in order to compete with AmericaDis known as the basis for building the “Intelligent Island”答案：DDBAB英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题（2）（附答案）Before the mid 1860s， the

5、impact of the railroads in the United States was limited， in the sense that the tracks ended at this Missouri River， approximately the center of the country. At the point the trains turned their freight， mail， and passengers over to steamboats， wagons， and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freight

6、ing， stagecoaching， and steamboating did not come to an end when the first train appeared; rather they became supplements or feeders. Each new “end of track” became a center for animal drawn or waterborne transportation. The major effect of the railroad was to shorten the distance that had to be cov

7、ered by the older， slower， and more costly means. Wagon freighters continued operating throughout the 1870s and 1880s and into the 1890s. Although over constantly shrinking routes， and coaches and wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid. The beginning of a ma

8、jor change was foreshadowed in the later 1860s， when the Union Pacific Railroad at last began to build westward from the Central Plains city of Omaha to meet the Central Pacific Railroad advancing eastward from California through the formidable barrier of the Sierra Nevada. Although President Abraha

9、m Lincoln signed the original Pacific Railroad bill in 1862 and a revised， financially much more generous version in 1864， little construction was completed until 1865 on the Central Pacific and 1866 on the Union Pacific. The primary reason was skepticism that a Railroad built through so challenging

10、 and thinly settled a stretch of desert， mountain， and semiarid plain could pay a profit. In the words of an economist， this was a case of “premature enterprise”， where not only the cost of construction but also the very high risk deterred private investment. In discussing the Pacific Railroad bill，

11、 the chair of the congressional committee bluntly stated that without government subsidy no one would undertake so unpromising a venture; yet it was a national necessity to link East and West together. 1. The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860s as “limited” because _ A. th

12、e track did not take the direct route from one city to the nextB. passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinationsC. passengers preferred stagecoachesD. railroad travel was quite expensive2. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters

13、as the railroad expanded？A. They developed competing routes.B. Their drivers refused to work for the railroads.C. They began to specialize in private investment.D. There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them.3. Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada in line 17？A. To argu

14、e that a more direct route to the West could have been taken. B. To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West.C. To point out the location of a serious train accident.D. To give an example of an obstacle faced by the central pacific.4. The word “subsidy” in line 27 is closest in

15、 meaning to _ 。A. persuasion B. financing C. explanation D. penalty答案解析 1. B）根据文章前五句可知，在十九世纪六十年代晚期前铁路在美国的影响是有限的“limited”，当时铁路只从美国东部修到了美国中部，运到美国西部地区的货物只有在铁路的尽头“end of track”改用其他的运输方式，比如：汽船、马车等，它们的运输效率可想而知。故选项B为正确答案。 2. D）这是一道推论题。可用排除法做此题。根据文章第六行至第七行“rather they became supplements or feeders”和第十行至第十三行

16、“Wagon freighters continued operating throughout the 1870s and 1880s and into the 1890s. Although over constantly shrinking routes， and coaches and wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid.”可知随着铁路线的不断延伸，马车货运的路线日益减少，虽然马车货运经营者们继续在西部发展货运线路，但是它们只是铁路运输的补充。因此选项A“他们发

17、展了有竞争性的线路”可以排除。而选项B、C文中根本没有提及。故只有选项D为正确答案。3. D）根据“the Sierra Nevada”所在句可知作者提到它是因为它是修建横跨东西铁路的一个巨大的障碍，故D为正确答案。4. B）Subsidy意为“补助金，津贴”，与financing意义相符。英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题（3）（附答案）Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature， especially human beings， have their pe

18、culiarities， but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that， among other eccentricities， eats mud， feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods， and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edi

19、ble by gourmets？ For some fifty million years， despite all its eccentricities， the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet， under rocks in shallow water， or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and

20、 Pacific shores， it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present. Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors， ranging from black to reddish brown to sand color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber shapedhenc

21、e their nameand because they are typically rock inhabitants， this shape， combined with flexibility， enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents. Although they have voracious appetites， eating day and night， sea cucumbers have the capacity to become qui

22、escent and live at a low metabolic ratefeeding sparingly or not at all for long periods， so that the marine organisms that provid their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty， they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out o

23、f existence.But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs， when attacked， it squirts all its internal organs into water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate

24、 itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted. 1. According to the passage， why is the shape of sea cucumbers important？A. It helps them to digest their food. B. It helps them to protect themselves

25、 from danger. C. It makes it easier for them to move through the mud. D. It makes them attractive to fish. 2. The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses _ 。A. the reproduction of sea cucumbers B. the food sources of sea cucumbers C. the eating habits of sea cucumbers D. threats to sea cucumbers existence 3. What can be inferred about the defence mechanisms of the sea cucumber？A. They are