英语专业四级考试阅读理解冲刺题文档格式.docx

英语专业四级考试阅读理解冲刺题文档格式.docx

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InaninterviewwithReader’sDigest，hesaidthattheUnitedStateshas“lostitsbearings”byemphasizingindividualrightsattheexpenseofsociety．“Anethicalsociety，”hesaid，“isonewhichmatcheshumanrightswithresponsibilities．”

1．WhatcharacterizesSingapore‘sadvancementisits___．

A．computermonitoring．

B．workefficiency．

C．highproductivity．

D．valueonethics．

2．FromNixon’sperspective，Leeis___．

A．almostasgreatasChurchill．

B．notasgreatasChurchill．

C．onlysecondtoChurchillinbeingaleader．

D．justasgreatasChurchill．

3．Inthelastparagraph，“lostitsbearings”maymean___．

A．becomeimpatient．

B．failedtofindtherightposition．

C．lostitsfoundation．

D．grownband-mannered．

4．“Youcanbeanythinghere”（Paragraph5）maybeparaphrasedas___．

A．Youcanhopeforaverybrightprospect．

B．Youmaybeabletodoanythingneeded．

C．Youcanchooseanyjobasyoulike．

D．Youwillbecomeanoutstandingworker．

5．InSingapore，theconceptofefficiency___．

A．hasbeenemphasizedthroughoutthecountry．

B．hasbecomeanessentialqualityforcitizenstoaimat．

C．isbroughtforwardbythegovernmentinordertocompetewithAmerica．

D．isknownasthebasisforbuildingthe“IntelligentIsland．”

答案：

DDBAB

英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题

（2）（附答案）

Beforethemid1860’s，theimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedStateswaslimited，inthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiver，approximatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreight，mail，andpassengersovertosteamboats，wagons，andstagecoaches.Thismeantthatwagonfreighting，stagecoaching，andsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhenthefirsttrainappeared;

rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders.Eachnew“endoftrack”becameacenterforanimaldrawnorwaterbornetransportation.Themajoreffectoftherailroadwastoshortenthedistancethathadtobecoveredbytheolder，slower，andmorecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedoperatingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.Althoughoverconstantlyshrinkingroutes，andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWestwherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.Thebeginningofamajorchangewasforeshadowedinthelater1860’s，whentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegantobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPacificRailroadadvancingeastwardfromCaliforniathroughtheformidablebarrieroftheSierraNevada.AlthoughPresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedtheoriginalPacificRailroadbillin1862andarevised，financiallymuchmoregenerousversionin1864，littleconstructionwascompleteduntil1865ontheCentralPacificand1866ontheUnionPacific.TheprimaryreasonwasskepticismthataRailroadbuiltthroughsochallengingandthinlysettledastretchofdesert，mountain，andsemiaridplaincouldpayaprofit.Inthewordsofaneconomist，thiswasacaseof“prematureenterprise”，wherenotonlythecostofconstructionbutalsotheveryhighriskdeterredprivateinvestment.IndiscussingthePacificRailroadbill，thechairofthecongressionalcommitteebluntlystatedthatwithoutgovernmentsubsidynoonewouldundertakesounpromisingaventure;

yetitwasanationalnecessitytolinkEastandWesttogether.

1.Theauthorreferstotheimpactofrailroadsbeforethelate1860’sas“limited”because____

A.thetrackdidnottakethedirectroutefromonecitytothenext

B.passengersandfreighthadtotransfertoothermodesoftransportationtoreachwesterndestinations

C.passengerspreferredstagecoaches

D.railroadtravelwasquiteexpensive

2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcoachesandwagonfreightersastherailroadexpanded？

A.Theydevelopedcompetingroutes.

B.Theirdriversrefusedtoworkfortherailroads.

C.Theybegantospecializeinprivateinvestment.

D.Therewereinsufficientnumbersoftrainedpeopletooperatethem.

3.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSierraNevadainline17？

A.ToarguethatamoredirectroutetotheWestcouldhavebeentaken.

B.ToidentifyahistoricallysignificantmountainrangeintheWest.

C.Topointoutthelocationofaserioustrainaccident.

D.Togiveanexampleofanobstaclefacedbythecentralpacific.

4.Theword“subsidy”inline27isclosestinmeaningto_____。

A.persuasionB.financingC.explanationD.penalty

答案解析

1.B）根据文章前五句可知，在十九世纪六十年代晚期前铁路在美国的影响是有限的“limited”，当时铁路只从美国东部修到了美国中部，运到美国西部地区的货物只有在铁路的尽头“endoftrack”改用其他的运输方式，比如：

汽船、马车等，它们的运输效率可想而知。

故选项B为正确答案。

2.D）这是一道推论题。

可用排除法做此题。

根据文章第六行至第七行“rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders”和第十行至第十三行“Wagonfreighterscontinuedoperatingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.Althoughoverconstantlyshrinkingroutes，andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWestwherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.”可知随着铁路线的不断延伸，马车货运的路线日益减少，虽然马车货运经营者们继续在西部发展货运线路，但是它们只是铁路运输的补充。

因此选项A“他们发展了有竞争性的线路”可以排除。

而选项B、C文中根本没有提及。

故只有选项D为正确答案。

3.D）根据“theSierraNevada”所在句可知作者提到它是因为它是修建横跨东西铁路的一个巨大的障碍，故D为正确答案。

4.B）Subsidy意为“补助金，津贴”，与financing意义相符。

英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题（3）（附答案）

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreature，especiallyhumanbeings，havetheirpeculiarities，buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat，amongothereccentricities，eatsmud，feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods，andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets？

Forsomefiftymillionyears，despiteallitseccentricities，theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet，underrocksinshallowwater，oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores，ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors，rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumbershaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants，thisshape，combinedwithflexibility，enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites，eatingdayandnight，seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods，sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidtheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty，theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs，whenattacked，itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;

itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage，whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant？

A.Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.

B.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.

D.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses____。

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers’existence

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber？

A.Theyare