初中英语语法倒装句和虚拟语气讲解和练习.docx

1、初中英语语法倒装句和虚拟语气讲解和练习倒装句讲解和练习英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序，按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：1、部分倒装就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。常见于下列几种情况：(一). only所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用： only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他Only when he told me the news did I know what had happe

2、ned.Only in this way can you make progress in your English.注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。1.Only in this way _to make improvement in the operating system. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope(2).含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。如：never, little, seldom, not, not only, not until, no sooner (than), har

3、dly (when), rarely, scarcely, in no way等。We seldom get up at four in the morning.= Seldom do we get up at four in the morning.Not a single word from him could the enemy drag.Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing.(1)hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when did 或用倒装句式Ha

4、rdly had + 主语+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.(2)not only but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。Not only was everything that he had taken away

5、from him, but also his German citizenship.Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.2I finally got the work I dreamed about. Never in all my life_ so happy! A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt3Not

6、 until I began to work _how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized 4No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B.has the game begunC. did the game begin D.had the game begun(3).在sothat, suchthat句型中，若把so, such引导的结构放在句首时。So frighten

7、ed was he that he did not dare to move an inch.5So difficult _it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well. A. Ive felt B have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel(4).省略了if的虚拟条件句中，把were, had或should放在句首时。If I were you, I would take the job. = Were I you, I would

8、 take the job.6_it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Yangpu Bridge.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will(5).把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。I like reading English, so does he. (6).把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。 If you wont go, neither will I.7.-I dont think I can walk any furth

9、er. -_, lets stop here for a rest. A. Neither and I B. Neither can I C. I dont think so D. I think so7)用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as (though)引导的让步状语从句中。注意：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词；主谓并不倒装。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.Child as he is, he knows a lot.8_, I have never seen anyone

10、whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much(八).由however, no matter how引导的让步状语从句中，把however+形容词/副词，no matter how+形容词/副词放在句首时。9_, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is h

11、e B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is2、全部倒装就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于几种情况：(1).用于地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里，以示强调。There goes the bell. Look! Here they come. 这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Here it is.Away he went.这类倒装句式一般只用一

12、般现在时和一般过去时。Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boys.(二).当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物动词；倒装时不需要助动词。Under the table are three white cats. In front of the tower flews a stream.10Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat manB. a fat man satC. did a fat man satD. sat a fa

13、t man(3)there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似存在观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.(4).表语置于句首时，倒装结构为表语+

14、系动词+主语。(1)形容词+系动词+主语Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster. (2)过去分词+系动词+主语Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.(3)介词短语+系动词+主语In front of the playground is a newly-built house. (5).有时由于主语较长，谓语很短，为保持句子平衡

15、，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.(6).在一些表示祝愿的句子里。Long live the Communist Party of China!May you all be happy.答案 15 CDBDD 610 BBCDD 中考复习倒装句专项练习1-Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday.-_. Lets go together.A. Nor do I B. I will do C. So will I D. So

16、 can I2 Im not going swimming tomorrow afternoon. _. I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am I B. Neither am I C. Neither I am D. So I am3Only when the work is done _ be able to go back home.A. you have B. you will C. will you D. have you4-Would you like to go to the amusement park? -If Jack does, _.

17、 A. I go, too B. so will I C. neither will I D. so do I 5I cant play the piano, and _. A. neither can my sister B. my sister cant, tooC. so cant my sister D. can my sister, either6Attention, please! There _a basketball game between our class and Class 5.A. has B. is going to be C. will have D. is go

18、ing to have7There _some juice and some cakes on the table.A. is B. are C. am D. be8 All the students are working hard now._. Because all of them want to go to good colleges.A. So are they B. Neither they are C. So they are D. So they do9My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. . Shall we go

19、 together?A. So do I B. So I do C. So will I D. So I will10I have never been to Hawaii. What about Mike? .A. So has he B. So he does C. Neither has he D. Neither he has11-My mother and I will go to Shanghai this summer. -_. Shall we go together?A. So do I B. So can I C. So am I D. So will I12He swam

20、 in the river this summer. _A. So did he. B. So she did. C. So did she13 My mother hardly watches any sports shows. _.A. So do I B. So does mine C. Neither do I D. Neither does mine14-I dont know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather.-_. I cant stand all this rain.A. I dont care B. Its ha

21、rd to say C. So am I D. I hope not15Tom likes English ,_A .Neither does Paul B. So does PaulC. So has Paul D. Neither has Paula16There _an old clock, a computer and some books on the desk.A. have B. are C. is D. has17Not only , but I learned some knowledge.A. did I help other people B. do I helped o

22、ther peopleC. I helped other people D. helping other people18-Peter knows many people here. -_ A. So do I B. So am I C. Neither am I D. Neither do I19My sister has never visited Eiffel Tower. How about you? _.A. So have I B. So did I C. Neither I have D. Neither have I20-David will never _ though he

23、 fails again and again. -_. So I believe both of you will succeed one day.A. give up, Neither will you B. give off, Neither you willC. take up, So will you D. take off, So you will21-If you dont go to Lucys birthday party this evening,_.-What a pity! She must be very sad if you dont appear.A. so do

24、I B. neither will I C. so will I D. neither do I22- I will go to visit the Great Wall. - _A. So do I B. So I do C. So will I D. So I will23Here _ the results _ the students activity survey.A. is; with B. are; of C. is; of24 Jim went swimming with his parents yesterday afternoon. _.A. So Mary did B.

25、So Mary does C. So Mary was D. So did Mary 25I havent seen the interesting movie Let the Bullet（子弹）Fly. _ .A. Neither have I B. So have IC. Neither I have D. So I have26-In recent years，more and more Americans like traveling during holidays-_.ASo do we Chinese BSo will we Chinese CSo we Chinese do D

26、So We Chinese will27-John likes walking in the countryside.-_. They enjoy a good time together every time.A. So does his wifeB. So his wife doesC. Neither does his wifeD. His wife does so28- I have changed my job. - . A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have29He has many books on science ._.A

27、. So I have B. So I do C. So do I30Tom does well in skating, and _.A. so does Jim B. so Jim doesC. so is Jim D. So Jim is（虚拟语气）虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：一、与现在事实相反 连接词条件从句结果从句If1.动词过去式(或were)2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形Should Would +动词原形couldmightIf had the time, John would mak

28、e a trip to China to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.二.与将来事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1. should+动词原形2. 动词过去式3、were to+动词原形ShouldWould +动词原形couldmightIf you should lose, what would you do?If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.If you went there next time

29、, you would see what I mean.三、与过去事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句Ifhad+过去分词Should Would + have+过去分词couldmightIf Id known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法省掉if的条件从句结构：Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A true friend would not do such a thing.(=If he were a true friend, he.)(=If there were no water,)(=If you hadnt helped me,)3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：If he had followed the doctors advice, he would be quite all