The Rebirth of Chinese Traditional Rural Architecture窑洞的新生.docx

1、The Rebirth of Chinese Traditional Rural Architecture窑洞的新生The Rebirth of Chinese Traditional Rural ArchitectureAbstractChinese traditional rural architectures have regional suitability, but it is necessary to find a new mode of resident building. As the environment impact of urban sprawl becomes inc

2、reasingly evident, architects and designers are turning more and more toward green design. Constructing green building consists of regional suitability, low-energy consumption and feasibility. And then analyzing two cases show how to build architectures of regional suitability. In a word, only build

3、 a building of regional sustainability, can Chinese traditional architecture give a rebirth.Keywords: regional suitability, green building, low-energy, feasibility, rebirthContent1 Introduction 11.1 Characteristics of Chinese traditional vernacular architecture 11.2 Defects of traditional vernacular

4、 architecture 32 The Advantages and Problems of New Rural Construction 32.1 The advantages of new rural construction 42.2 The problems of new rural construction 53 Green Buildings in the Construction of Traditional Rural Areas 63.1 Definition of Greening Building 63.2 Three Elements of Constructing

5、Green Buildings 64 Cases study 84.1 Case 1: New Cave Dwellings with low-energy in Loess Plateau 84.1.1 Build a building having regional suitability 84.1.2 Technologies and materials 84.1.3 The feasibility of design scheme 114.2 Case 2: Earth dwellings with low-energy in the headwaters of Yangtze Riv

6、ers 114.2.1 Transformation of functional space 114.2.2 Ventilation and lighting 124.2.3 Simple sewage treatment system 134.2.4 The feasibility of design scheme 145 Conclusions 146 References 151 Introduction1.1 Characteristics of Chinese traditional vernacular architectureChinese traditional rural b

7、uildings reflect the traditional Chinese culture, such as the Culture of Feudal Ethics and Clan concepts, as well as the characteristics of self-sufficient economy of the farming community. Housing as a culture is not only an important part of human civilization, but also mapping the entire track of

8、 all the development of civilization 1.The basic characteristics of Chinese traditional rural buildings show strong regionalism, due to different geographical environment throughout the country, such as climate, geography, cultural traditions, materials and construction techniques. There have the cl

9、imatic and geographical classification, the Settlement classification, the Structural classification and the Plane classification, etc .Chinese traditional architecture has a strong ecological character, ecological spirit dominated by the traditional Philosophy. The most important feature of Chinese

10、 traditional houses is in harmony with nature, The Chinese ancient plain ecological spirit and the organic links and unity of traditional philosophical concepts and ecological concepts reflect in its construction site, building layout, construction technology, architectural decoration and other aspe

11、cts. Traditional houses ecological characteristics, for todays new socialist countryside construction still learn. The village is compact, saving land. Full use of natural resources, integration both of the construction and the natural environment, complement each other, harmony and unity. And use o

12、f natural lighting, ventilation, energy conservation. Full use of local native materials, natural materials to play their performance. Architectural decoration reflects local customs, aesthetic ideas and historical cultural traditions, to reflect regional characteristics, etc. All with todays sustai

13、nable building system is same in many ways, worth for contemporary harmonious society livable community planning and construction to learn.Traditional houses not only have a strong regional and ecological characteristics, but also has a strong landscape features, including the natural landscape and

14、cultural landscape. Which the natural landscape is the natural environment for the survival of the nation, Building relying on environment, according to the natural conditions put the building into the environment, reflecting a strong ecological consciousness. At the same time, traditional houses sh

15、ow a strong cultural landscape, such as different combinations of garden space sequences and construction group; criss-cross the roof and the interior patio, roadway; distinctive slot door (entrance gate house); the plaza, stage, bridge, water, wellhead, ancestral, totems in the villages. Highlight

16、the cultural connotation by the cultural landscape around the residential areas, it is the key factors of the identification and protection of traditional houses in different regions.Chinese Traditional Ethics created a content-rich, unique style Chinese traditional architecture system. In the histo

17、rical development of thousands of years, Chinese Traditional Ethics as a moral norms exist, it regulates the responsibility and obligations of members of the society in a complex social relationships. The universal and normative Chinese Traditional Ethics affected and restricted deeply the types of

18、traditional Chinese architecture, groups layout and single building size, body mass, building color, architectural style and decoration and so on. Traditional houses as an important type of traditional architecture, also reflects the family ethics, religious beliefs and behavioral norms from differe

19、nt aspects of a nation.The northern Shaanxi cave , for example , show the ancient Chinese people are good at employ the local geography, climate, environment, the wisdom of making full use of limited natural resources and the ability to adapt to the harsh environment when they in the creation of thi

20、s residential form. Local residents dug in the natural soils wall to transverse hole in Shaanxi loess areas, and often link to the holes and plus brick stone in the cave to built cave. Cave can defend fire, defend noise, cool in summer and warm in winter, save land, economic labor, combine natural p

21、icture and picture of life. It is a perfect architectural form local conditions, permeate with the love and attachment of the people in loess areas. The characteristics of Chinas northwest: low annual rainfall, very dry, barren land, the lack of trees. Generally, local residents lack sufficient econ

22、omic resources to purchase high-quality building materials from other place, loess - the material of construction of cave is inexhaustible. Cost to build cave-style houses, the equivalent of only a quarter of the ground type dwellings. And due to the local natural environment, the building mainly to

23、 soil structure built below ground level, person can not only live and it can be maintained for a long time. Typical and traditional cave-style houses, is basically a pattern of imitation courtyard, there is the main room, bedroom, kitchen, barn, pigsty, even garden, and walls sometimes.1.2 Defects

24、of traditional vernacular architectureTraditional vernacular architecture is based on agricultural production, through the way of constant trial and error, improved gradually accumulated experiment. The basic characteristics:It has a production and lifestyle of particular area corresponding architec

25、tural pattern (shape, spatial composition, building construction, etc.) and Style and features (the monotony and Hundred Flowers properties);The indoor thermal environment quality and low power consumption low carbon property compatible with the regional climate; construction technique is simple, re

26、latively low cost.However, the traditional vernacular architecture has some fatal flaws:The interior features is difficult to meet the needs of modern lifestyles;A general lack of sanitation facilities; Indoor thermal environment is poor, low air quality; If the use of modern heating and air conditi

27、oning equipment, high energy consumption.Thus, increasingly affluent rural residents have been seeking a new residential building mode.2 The Advantages and Problems of New Rural ConstructionDevelopment of new rural construction，it is an objective and realistic policy. Our countrys national condition

28、s and resource conditions are difficult to support the development of large and medium cities in the urbanization of the road, Objectively, Farmers migrate to cities come with a series of problems, there are customs, employment, purchase, cost of living, and many other constraints. To adopt the smal

29、l town life style that the farmer is familiar with and can bear, is a right choice at a particular time. Currently, actively promoting the new rural construction, especially promoting the new rural construction in central and western, is a right choice in this specific period.2.1 The advantages of n

30、ew rural constructionSome advantages of new rural construction:(1) More construction funds will be invested in rural areas(2) Can increase the supply of public goods in rural areas(3) Stimulating domestic demand in rural areas to change the growth mode(4) Achieve a virtuous cycle of population resou

31、rces and environment(5) Can effectively reduce the difference between urban and rural areasThe author thinks to promote the new rural construction will be a choice of many birds with one stone. Firstly, To cool the real estate investment in large and medium cities, Attract capital to small towns in

32、rural areas. not only can promote the construction of small towns, and can continue to play a role in stimulating the growth of real estate GDP utilization in urban construction, Play a large number of real estate industry characteristics of association to maintain stable economic growth. In other side can also solve the problem of the real estate bubble in big cities. Secondly, Can improve the income of farmers，Increase the supply of public goods in rural areas，let some rich farmers to move to the small town can make the land circulation and scale management rea