浙江大学考博真题和参考答案.docx

1、浙江大学考博真题和参考答案2014年浙江大学考博真题和参考答案1.听力 Part A 原文： In my opinion, technology has become too advanced. I am 17-years-old, and I can still remember a time when I did not have a computer in my home, and if you did, it was uncommon. Not until the mid-1990s was it common for（middle class families） to have co

2、mputers. In our society today, almost every single family has at least one computer if not more, and these computers are incredibly advanced compared to what youd have had in your home a short ten years ago. Over the years, I have seen technology bloom; all I have known my entire lifetime, is that t

3、here is going to be something bigger, I should really say smaller, and better （out on the market） in no time. I cant believe how fast manufacturers are coming out with new technology. What will happen in the future, will technology become so advanced is changes the course of our humanity? You can do

4、 everything you want from a computer, work, play,（talk to friends）, research, and even order food! A person could live their entire life jammed up in a room with a computer, and they would have access to everything they need! It is insane! The advances in communication technology are blowing up all

5、over the place as well. I, myself just bought a new camera phone, and this phone is amazing. The picture quality is superb, and not only that but I （have access to the） internet on my PHONE! I cant believe how the cell phone market has so drastically increased. The first phone I ever had was five ye

6、ars ago, when I was 12 years old. That phone today would be considered huge, clunky, heavy, and old. I personally couldnt even imagine myself walking around with that phone （without being embarrassed）. It just goes to show how much things have changed in five years, and people just keep on taking it

7、 all in. Every time I have bought a new phone since that point, six months later, I have wanted a new one because my phone was not up to date. Can you believe it, after not even a year a phone can completely go off the market because it is not advanced enough? The manufacturers are putting these thi

8、ngs out faster than people can buy them.2. 听力 Part B 原文括号内为答案It is an honor to speak with you today on the issue of（ public health disparities）. I would first like to thank the organizations that made this event possible. This has truly been a collaborative effort among a diverse group of constituen

9、ts. I think this sets a positive tone and precedent for a healthy and spirited discussion. As many of you may know, reforming and improving our health care system is an issue that is close to my heart. I believe that in the richest and most powerful country in the world, we ought to be able to provi

10、de （basic health care）to all of our citizens. It is vitally important that we lessen the impact and burden of illness on all people in communities, regardless of race, gender, or religions. Our discussions today are critically important to rectify the injustices that many people face in our current

11、health care system. Todays sessions have a greater purpose than mere discussions and networking opportunities-todays conference signifies an increased and （necessary call for action） among our regions top health professionals. Public health is directly connected to poverty, income, education, and co

12、mmunity. We cant look at health care in a silo and assume it is only a luxury for the well off. Health care needs to be provided to all people of all color. We are morally responsible for （improving the disparities in health care） because a healthy society is the foundation on which we build our sch

13、ools, our neighborhoods, and our economy. Health care is not a privilege-it is a right. I know we have along road to travel in achieving equality in health status. I know that everyone here knows this. And I am hopeful that perhaps more people than ever are （finally waking up to this reality）.Part C

14、1 原文 3个选择题There were very few places in the world that Jules Verne, the writer, did not visit. He went round the world a hundred times or more. Once he did it in eighty days, unheard of in the nineteenth century. He voyaged sixty thousand miles under the sea, toured around the moon, exploded the cen

15、ter of the earth, and chatted with natives in Australia. Jules Verne, the man, was a stay-at-home. He was more likely to be tired from writing than from traveling. He did make a few visits to Europe and North Africa. And he made one six-week tour of New York State. But that was all. He spent less th

16、an one of his seventy-seven years really traveling. Yet he was the worlds most extraordinary tourist. His books are crowded with hunting and fishing expeditions. Jules actually went hunting only once. Then he raised his gun and shot off the guards hat! He never held a test tube in his hand. But he w

17、as an inspiration to the scientist in the laboratory. Long before radio was invented, he had TV working in his books. His name for it was phono-telephoto. He had helicopters fifty years before the Wright brothers flew their first plane at Kitty Hawk. In fact, there were few wonders of the twentieth

18、century that this man of the nineteenth century did not foresee. In his stories you can read about neon lights, moving sidewalks, air-conditioners, sky-scrapers, guided missiles, tanks, electrically operated submarines, and air-planes,and so on.第一个问题 问这个人是干什么的 选the writerPart C2 原文 第2篇 3个选择题Very old

19、 people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes in contact with them. Their valuesthis cant be repeated too oftenare not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are not necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves fa

20、ced with a flat with decaying food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone in bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the

21、 ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old. Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The body is like a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance as it g

22、ets older. You can carry this comparison right through to the provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results will be. And at what point should you stop to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by seeking th

23、e development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to activate the old body, knowing that it is designed to die? You cant ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try, on the principle that while th

24、eres life, theres hope.第三篇Animals do not possess a language in the true sense of the word. In the higher vertebrates, as also in insects, particularly in the socially living species of both great groups, every individual has a certain number of inmate movements and sounds for expressing feelings. It

25、 has also innate ways of reacting to these signals whenever it sees or hears them in a fellow-member of the species. The highly social species of birds such as the jackdaw or the graylag goose, have a complicated code of such signals which are uttered and understood by every bird without any previou

26、s experience. The perfect co-ordination of social behaviour which is brought about by these actions and reactions conveys to the human observer the impression that the birds are talking and understanding a language of the own. Of course, this purely innate signal code of an animal species differs fu

27、ndamentally from human language, every word of which must be learned laboriously by the human child. Moreover, being a genetically fixed character of the speciesjust as much as any bodily characterthis so-called language is, for every individual animal species, ubiquitous in its distribution. Obviou

28、s though this fact may seem, it was, nevertheless, with something akin to nave surprise that I heard the jackdaws in northern Russia “talk” exactly the same, familiar “dialect” as my birds at home in Altenberg. The superficial similarity between these animal utterances and human languages diminishes

29、 further as it becomes gradually clear to the observer that the animal, in all these sounds and movements expressing its emotions, has in no way the conscious intention of influencing a fellow member of its species. This is proved by the fact that even geese or jackdaws reared and kept singly make a

30、ll these signals as soon as the corresponding mood overtakes them. Under these circumstances the automatic and even mechanical character of these signals becomes strikingly apparent and reveals them as entirely different from human words.二.（15题，15分）单选题（顺序打乱了）The two friends sat in a corner and _B_ a

31、way to each other about the weatheratalkedbchatted cmuttered dwhisperedHe is going to _D_ the meeting on the subject of war and peace in a minuteaspeak btalk cremark daddressAlthough not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the governments _A_ policies.a. economic b. econ

32、omical c. economy d. economicsThere are not many teachers who are strong _C_of traditional methods in English teaching.a. sponsors b. contributors c. advocates d. performersA friendship may be _B_ , casual, situational or deep and lasting.a. identical b. superficial c. critical d. originalNobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _C_ down the economy.a. put b. settle c. drag d. knockWe are _D_ to the idea, but we doubt whether the time is ripe to put it into forc