考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx

1、考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often,

2、 this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active, to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only

3、of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice significa

4、nt changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me

5、to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but Im cons

6、tantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. Im experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh

7、-in. Ive also experiencedaccording to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A2. A3. A4. ABesides helps initiallyrecordingBBBBTherefore cares solelyloweringCCCCOtherwise warns

8、 occasionallyexplainingDDDDHowever reduces formallyaccepting5. AmodifyBsetCreviewDreach6. AdefinitionBdepictionCdistributionDprediction7. Adue toBregardlessofCaside fromDalong with8. AorderlyBrigidCpreciseDimmediate9. AclaimsBjudgmentsCreasonsDmethods10. AinsteadBthoughCagainDindeed11. AtrackBoverlo

9、okCconcealDreport12. Adepend onBapprove ofChold ontoDaccount for13. AshareBadjustCconfirmDprepare14. AresultsBfeaturesCrulesDtests15. AboredBanxiousChungryDsick16. AprincipleBsecretCbeliefDsign17. ArequestBnecessityCdecisionDwish18.A disappointingBsurprisingCrestrictingDconsuming19. A ifBunlessCunti

10、lDbecause20. A obsessingBdominatingCpuzzlingDtriumphingPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerge

11、s a little later, in conjunction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children arent born knowing how to say “Im sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral

12、 guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable its the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking a

13、bout what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binary feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and a

14、nger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative sp

15、ecies together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympa

16、thy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.assessments and the childrens self-observ

17、ations, she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on

18、how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news, ” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”21.Researchers think that guilt can be a g

19、ood thing because it may help .Aregulate a childs basic emotionsBimprove a childs intellectual abilityCfoster a childs moral developmentDintensify a childs positive feelings22.According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be .AdeceptiveBburdensomeCaddictiveDinexcusable23.Vaish holds

20、that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that .Aemotions are context-independentBemotions are socially constructiveCemotional stability can benefit health24.Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing .Amay help correct emotional deficienciesBcan result from either sympat

21、hy or guiltCcan bring about emotional satisfactionDmay be the outcome of impulsive acts25.The word “transgressions” (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to .AteachingsBdiscussionsCrestrictionsDwrongdoingsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against clima

22、te change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this tra

23、p but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks” long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The states proposed Forest

24、 Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forests capacity to pull carbon from th

25、eless easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of ac

26、res.California plans to treat 35, 000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 financed from the proceeds of the states emissions-permit auctions. That s only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas a

27、t greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under wa

28、y.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally theyve focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Californias plan, which is expected to be finalized

29、by the governor next year, should serve as a model.26.By saying “one of the harder challenges,” the author implies that .Aglobal climate change may get out of controlBpeople may misunderstand global warmingCextreme weather conditions may ariseDforests may become a potential threat27.To maintain fore

30、sts as valuable “carbon sinks,” we may need to .Apreserve the diversity of species in themBaccelerate the growth of young treesD lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity28.Californias Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to .Acultivate more drought-resistant treesBreduce the density of some of its forestsCfind more effective ways to kill insectsDrestore its forests quickly after wildfires29.What is essential to Californias plan according to Paragraph 5?ATo handle the areas in serious danger first.BTo carry it out before the year of