高中英语语法定语从句15页Word文档格式.docx

1、 关系代词前介词的使用。 关系代词which和代词it的使用区别。 定语从句和状语从句的区别，关系代词和关系副词的使用区别。 定语从句和名词性从句之间（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）的区别。 正确判断强调句中的定语从句，此类题目出现较少，应该加以注意。【知识网络】用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。一、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句 代替人 代替物代替人或物主语 Who which that主语 Whomwhich that宾语

2、 Whose（=of whom） whose（=of which）This is the detective who came from London.The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.The desk whose leg is broken is very old.This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2.关系代词的用法（1）如果先行词是all，much，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关

3、系代词一般只用that，不用which.例如：All the people that are present burst into tears.（2）如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，mush，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which，who，或whom.例如：（3）非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：There are about seven million people taking part in the election，most of whom、are well edu

4、cated.（4）which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。He succeeded in the competition，which made his parents very happy.（5）hat可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。（6）which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征。品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限

5、制性的。（7）如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which；若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who.（8）先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that.例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.（9）如果先行词是anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用which.例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you？3.“介词关系代词”是一个普遍使用的

6、结构（1）“介词关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词关系代词”结构中的介词可以是 in，on，about，from，for，with，to at，of，without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which，不可用that .（2）from where为“介词关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see the town（3）像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短语动词，在定语

7、从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二、关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间。地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。2. that可引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因That有时可以代替关系副词 when，where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因，在that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1.二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅

8、修饰先行词，可以由关系代词。关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据（1） 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分，作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语。宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。3.先行词与定语从句隔离定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。1）This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about2）He was the only person

9、in this country who was invited四、as在定语从句中的用法1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。（2）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which.例如：The elephants nose is like a snake，as anybody can see.（3）the same- that与 the same -as在意思上是不同的。2.as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面。中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但

10、which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。（1）As is expected，the England team won the football match.（2）The earth runs around the sun，as is known by everyone. 3.as, which的比较1）.在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用They failed in the exam, as/which is natural.She seems a scientist, as/which in fact sh

11、e is.Grammar is not a set of dead rules, which/as I have said before.2）.如从句在主句之前，用asAs we all know, his parents were killed in this war.As is known to all, the earth travels around the sun.3）.如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有“正如”“就象”之意时，用asWe won the match, as we had expected.He agreed to the plan, as was to be expec

12、ted.4）. 当先行项被the same, such, so修饰时，用asThis is the same book as you bought yesterday.同类书 （比较：This is the same book that you bought yesterday.同一本书）Dont believe in such men as praise you to your face.I never give my students so difficult a question as no one can work out.5）. 当从句内容对主句内容起消极作用，则用whichThe

13、young man cheated his friend out of much money, which was disgraced.6）. as 也可以用来引导非限制性定语从句， 用来指待一件事，这时它的位置可以放在句首、句中和句尾。He is an American, as/which we know from his accent.As we know from his accent, he is an American.He, as we know from his accent, is an American.As has been said above, grammar is n

14、ot a set of dead rules.Grammar, as has been said above, is not a set of rules.Grammar is not a set of dead rules, as/which has been said above. 正如: As everyone knows, as you may still remember, as you said, as I can see, as has been mentioned above, as you may have heard, and etc.单项选择 （定语从句）1. In En

15、glish, words are not always spelled _ they sound. A. just same B. the same as C. the way D. by the way2. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world famous? A. its B. its C. whose D. which3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. Tha

16、t D. What4. Im lucky enough to find the same knife _ I lost yesterday. A. which B. what C. like D. as5. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew6. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was tak

17、en good care of in that faraway village. A. Until B. that C. when D. where7. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into university. A. while B. that C. when D. as8. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years t

18、heir team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when9. - Is that the small town you often refer to? - Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what10. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B.

19、which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is11. Franks dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the workings of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how12. That was the only gate _ we could rush out and save those _ were in great danger. A. that; which B. which; who C.

20、 through which; who D. at which; who13. Carl said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which14. The school themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained. A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for

21、which15. He said _ his sister had passed the entrance examination of college, and _ she would go to college in about 20 days. / B. that; that C. /; / D. that; which16. This “designer” salmon（鲑）grows to a marketable size in _ natural salmons grow. A. the half time B. half the time C. the time half D.

22、 half time the17. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who18. _ is known to us all is that America is a developed country _ the First World. A. Which; belonged to B. As; belonged to C. What; belonging to D. It, belonging t

23、o19. This is the third time _ here. A. I had been B. I was C. I have been D. I will be20. These ancient Indians used to live in _ is now a part of the United States. A. where B. the place C. which D. what21. Is there a gas station around _ I can get some petrol? A. which B. what C. where D. that22.

24、I have many friends, _ some are businessmen. A. of them B. from whom C. who of D. of whom23. The captain stood by the window, _ he could see the top of the tower. A. where B. from which C. from where D. which24. “Keep ones word” means you do _ you have told someone _ you would do. that B. that; what

25、 C. what; that D. what; what25. The cost of sales makes up a large part of the prices that _. A. are paid for all products B. all products are paid C. for which all products are paid D. for all products paid26. - Is it high time that we _ on the school building? - Yes, it _. A. do some repairs; is B

26、. do some repair; is C. did some repairs; is D. did some repair; was27. This is the very knife _ I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which28. There are two small rooms in the house, _ serves as a kitchen A. the smaller of which B. the smallest of which C. the smaller

27、 of them D. the smaller one29. Is this watch _ you wish to have _? A. the one; it repaired B. that; repaired it C. the one; repaired D. which; repaired it30. I want to buy a piano of high quality, _ I can practise on every afternoon. A. that B. so that C. what D. one31. He is my father, _ a better f

28、ather does not exist.A. but B. than whom C. than who D. against whom 32. _, the weather turned out to be very hot that day.A. It was said in the newspaper B. As was reported on the radio C. Just like the weather report says D. It so happened as you told me 33. The play went along well until the midd

29、le of Act , _ the excitement began. A. so B. but C. when D. which34. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _ going on in the world. A. it is B. as is C. there is D. what is35. _ could be judged from what he had said, he felt terribly sorry for what he had done. A. Which B. That C. As D. It36. A most funny film _ Ive ever seen is “Modern times”. A. what B. which C. / D. B and C37. The pol