全国硕士研究生考试英语二真题及答案.docx

1、全国硕士研究生考试英语二真题及答案2022全国硕士研究生考试英语二真题及答案Directions:Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global

2、pandemic on June 11, 2022, in the first designation by the World Health Organization of a worldwide pandemic in 41 years.The heightened alert came after an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising numbers in Britain, Japan, Chile

3、 and elsewhere.But the pandemic is “moderate“ in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization”s director general, with the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the absence of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global notice

4、 in late April 2022, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to crop up in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United S

5、tates, new cases seemed to fade as warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2022, officials reported there was significant flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the samples tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. Zov the man looked puzzled and

6、 hurt. “It”s true“ he explained. “When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn”t keep the conversation going we”d spend the whole evening in silence.“This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less

7、 at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late ”70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book “Divorce Talk“ that most of the women she interviewed - but only a few of the men - gave lack of co

8、mmunication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year - a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tang

9、ible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: “He doesn”t listen to me“ “He doesn”t talk to me.“

10、 I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the b

11、reakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.What is most wives” main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27.Judging from the context ,the phrase “wre

12、aking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means _ .A generating motivation.B.exerting influenceC.causing damageDcreating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_A.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach muc

13、h importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and

14、 wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focuson _A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical c

15、artoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors habits among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of

16、 dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peopl

17、es habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to Procter that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied

18、 the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of

19、direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty

20、was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-called el

21、ite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states m

22、ade women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women thro

23、ugh the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the e

24、ntire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered sta

25、tes to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36.From the principles of theUS jury system,welearn that _Aboth litcrate and illiterate people can serve on juriesBdefendants are immune from trial by their peersCno age limit should be imposed for jury serviceDjudgment should consi

26、der the opinion of the public37.The practice of selecting socalled elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_Athe inadcquavy of antidiscrimination lawsBthe prevalent discrimination against certain racesCthe conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures38.Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury lis

27、t in some states because_Athey were automatically banned by state lawsBthey fell far short of the required qualificationsCthey were supposed to perform domestic dutiesDthey tended to evade public engagement39.After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed._Asex discrimination in jury selection

28、was unconstitutional and had to be abolishedBeducational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurorsCjurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire communityDstates ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40.in discussing the US jur

29、y system,the text centers on_Aits nature and problemsBits characteristics and traditionCits problems and their solutionsDits tradition and developmentSection Translation46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15poi

30、nts)“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Nin

31、g recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. Hed been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didint go well. “It was a really had move because thats not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, pre

32、dictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, Just wait, youll trun the corner, give it some time.”翻译参考“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念始终有个人含义，经受了一段苦痛松懈的个人生活，使他清晰面对以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必需贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。Ning回忆起20世纪90年月末期卖保险的那段迷茫时间，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂地找工作，并且与Boulder代理机构签了约。事情进展并不顺当，TedNing说到：“那真是个糟糕的选择，由于我对此没有激情，”可以