高考英语It的用法(专项总结及训练).doc

1、It的用法（专项总结及训练）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt.They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二、.非人称代词 1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气

2、、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： .指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it? .指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.指日期:It is April First today.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou.指价值:It is three dollars.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句 It i

3、s clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that 从句 常译为清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的） It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = Thathes round and tall like a tree is very clear. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that 从句 常译为是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）

4、，should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 从句 常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth sa

5、tellite has been put into orbit. It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. It is time ( about

6、time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)It is time that children went to bed.It is time you bought a new car.It is (high ) time you made up your mind.It is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done ) It was the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用过去完成时had done ) 常译为是第一（二）次。 It is the first

7、 time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been hereIt is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句. that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班 上，真是遗憾！ It

8、is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧,似乎是,看起来” It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 2.作形式主语替代不定式. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒

9、义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 如:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. It is necess

10、ary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant 如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she

11、(should ) come to the party. It takes sb. . to do sth. 常译为做要花费某人。 如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “有好处或没有用” It is no good learning English without speaking English. Its useless trying to argue with Shyloc

12、k.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their

13、work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.六、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用) It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom ye

14、sterday.It was in the street that I met her father. It was yesterday that I met her in the street.It is you that /who are wrong.特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous f

15、ilm star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.Choose the best answer 1.Ittookusoveranhour_alongthestreet.A.walk B.towalkC.walking D.walked2.Ithinkitagreathonour_tovisityourc

16、ountry.A.toinviteB.inviting C.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited3.Manypeoplenowmake_aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.this4._isverycleartoeveryonethathesroundandtalllikeatree.A.ThisB.WhatC.ThatD.It5.IntheUnitedStates,bustraveldoesntcostmuchastraintravel,_?A.donttheyB.does

17、it C.dotheyD.doesntit6.Someoneisatthedoor,whois_?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.Itisrainingcatsanddogs._.A.SoitisB.Soisit C.NeitheritisD.Neitherisit8.Myhomeisinthattallbuildingoverthere._?A.CanitseeB.Canseeit C.CanbeseenitD.Canitbeseen9._raininghardfor3hourswithoutstopping.A.ItisB.ItwasC.IthasbeenD.Ithadbeen

18、10.Hastheboygothisbicyclenow?Yes,thepolicegave_.A.himtohimB.ittoitC.ittohimD.himtoit11.Itsnouse_overspiltmilk.A.cryB.cryingC.thatyoucryD.foryoutocry12.Itisimportant_theiroffer.A.rejectB.rejectsC.torejectD.rejecting13.Has_beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesports-meeting?A.thatB.thisC.itD.what14.DidLiLeica

19、llmewhileIwasout?Yes,itwas_thatcalledyou.A.himB.heC.whoD.whom15.Nothingiswrongwiththeradio_?A.isntitB.isthatC.isitD.isntthat16.Idontknow_makesherafraidofhavingherbusinessdiscussed.A.whatitisaboutMarythat B.thatisitabutMarywhat C.whatisitaboutMarythat D.thatisaboutMarywhat17. .Itwaswith greatjoy_here

20、ceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldreturnhomeA.asB.thatC.soD.for18.Idontthink_difficultforaChinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyearsA.thatB.itC.tooD.very19.Itsthesecondtimeyou_latethisweek.A.arriveB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.hadarrived20.Itwillnotbe_wemeetagain.A.longbeforeB.beforelong C.so

21、onafterD.shortlyafter21.Itsdemandedthatwe_thereonfoot.A.nottogo B.dontgo C.notgo D.wontgo22.“It”isoftenusedto_ababy.A.meantoB.sticktoC.pointtoD.referto23.Itwasnotuntil1936_basketballbecamearegularpartoftheOlympicGames.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.then24._youmettheEnglishman?A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat C.

22、WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat25._thatshehasgonetotheUnitedStates?A.WasittrueB.Isittrue C.ItistrueD.Itwastrue26._certainthathisinventionwillleadtothedevelopmentofproduction.A.ThatsB.ThisisC.ItsD.Whats27._in1914_theFirstWorldWarbrokeout?A.Wasthat,thatB.Wasthat,whenC.Wasit.thatD.Wasit,when28.Itisimporta

23、ntthatshe_withMrWilliamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak29._thattheresanothergoodharvestthisyear.A.ItsaysB.ItissaidD.ItwassaidD.Hewassaid30.It isthefirsttime_theplay.A.IvewatchedB.IllwatchC.IwatchD.Iwouldwatch参考答案B 1.B2.D3.B4.D5.B 6.C7.A8.D9.C10.C 11.B12.C13.C14.B15 C 16.A17.B18.B19.C20.A 21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B 26.C27.C28.A29.B30.A