非谓语动词14 ok 8.docx

1、非谓语动词14 ok 8课题序号非谓语动词1授课班级授课课时2授课形式授课章节名称非谓语动词1使用教具教学目的I.非谓语动词时态、语态形式对照2.非谓语动词在句中可作的语法成份3.非谓语动词的用法区别教学重点非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.动词的用法教学难点不定式和动名词作宾语的区别更新、补充、删节内容课外作业补充作业教学后记非谓语动词是英语语法中的又一重点难点。越是难点，越是要从简单的知识点出发，引导学生从易而难，去理顺弄懂难点。Step 1 Step 1 GreetingsStep 2 Review the old lessons Step 3 Pres

2、entationI.非谓语动词时态、语态形式对照表： 及物与不及物 语态类别 时 态 vt. vi.主动语态被动语态主动语态ing 一般式:(与谓语动词同时发生)makingbeing madegoing完成式:(先与谓语动词之前发生)having made(不作定语）having been made(不作定语）having gone(不作定语）ed只有一般式:(不强调时间先后，只说明原因、条件等) made(表被动）gone(表完成）inf一般式:(与谓语动词(几乎)同时发生)to maketo be madeto go 完成式:(先与谓语动词之前发生)to have madeto have

3、 been madeto have gone进行式:(在谓语动词动作发生时正在进行)to be making to be going2.非谓语动词在句中可作的语法成份 成份类别主语宾语表语定语宾补 状 语时间条件原因目的结果方式让步伴随不定式现在分词过去分词动名词 3.非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.1.To see you is glad. （作主语） =Its glad to see you. 2.I want to see you. (作宾语） 3.I want him to see you. （作宾补）4.My hope is to see you.

4、 (作表语）5.He is the man to see you. （作定语）6.Im glad to see you. （作原因状语）7.I went to see you. （作目的状语）8.He went so early as to see you（作结果状语）9.Swimming is his favourite sport. (作主语）10.He enjoys swimming. (作宾语）11.I found him swimming in the river. (作宾补）12.His favourite sport is swimming. (作表语）13.He is the

5、man swimming in the river just now. (作定语）14. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool. (作状语）15.This cup is broken. （作表语）16.This is a broken cup. (作表语） 17.I found the cup broken. (作宾语补足语）18.Broken by Tom, the cup cant be used. (作状语）过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.分词的用法比较A.在时态上1.China is a developing country =a country whic

6、h is developing.2.Japan is a developed country =a country which has developed.3.I found him gone. =that he had gone.(表完成）B.在语态上，ing分词表“主动”，ed分词表“被动”（多为及物动词）1.I saw him writing a short novel. =that he was writing a short novel.2.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens. =which was written by

7、 Charles Dichens.在概念上，ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶然、将来”. *Swimming (抽象）is my favourite sport and I like swimming(习惯）every day, but I dont like to swim(具体）today, I would like to swim(将来）tomorrow.C.分词的完成式一般不用来作定语，只能用作状语.The platform having been built will be used to perform on. 1.The platform built will be

8、used to perform on. The platform which has been built will be used to perform on. 2. Having given her opinion about the building, she left the meeting. Having been used for a long time, the computer needs repairing. D.ed+主句（不强调时间先后）;Being ed+主句（强调主句和从句动作同时发生）;Having been ed+主句（强调时间先后）如不强调时间先后可用ed,一般

9、式来代替. 1.Used as a means of traffic in China,the bike is very useful. Written in simple English, the book is easy to read2. Being used by me now,the bike cant be lent to you.3. Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing. 4. Having been told several times, he couldnt understand what I m

10、eant. 可以写成=Told several times4.非谓语动词的用法区别不定式和动名词作宾语的区别：.下列动词常用不定式作宾语： aim ,ask, dare ,appear, arrange ,demand, help, hesitate, pay, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, choose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford

11、等。 如：He offered to help us . I didnt expect to find you here They refused to accept his invitation The little boy pretended to be asleep when his mother came in(2)下列动词通常用ing形式作宾语：admit, report, appreciate, deny, explain, mention, resist, stand, stop, imagine, recall, suggest, mind, finish, enjoy, ke

12、ep, practise, miss, avoid, delay, excuse, escape, consider, advise等。如 ：1）Would you mind my smoking here ? 2） The girl was told to practise playing the piano for three hours every day 3）Good news keeps coming. Tina suggested spending the weekend on her farm(3)下列动词接不定式与接ing形式意义相近like，love, hate, disli

13、ke, begin, start, prefer，continue, intend，attempt等. e.g：I prefer making (to make) an outline before I do my oral composition We all like playing (to play) table tennis但也有细微区别：*指具体某次的行为常用不定式，指惯常的行为常用ing形式.如：I like reading books of this kind(惯常行为) I hate to say so，but really I cant go with you(具体某次行为)

14、I prefer to stay at home today(具体某次行为) He prefers walking to cycling(惯常行为)*一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如：realize，know，understand，see，lose等，多用不定式 如：I began to realize I had been wrong.We hate to lose the chance . Now we are beginning to see it more clearly. (4)下列动词接不定式与接ing形式意义不同：stop to do 停下(正在做的事)去做另一件事 / stop

15、doing 停下正在做的事e.g.：Seeing an old man carrying a big bag, I stopped to help him Hearing the bell ,the students stopped playing and ran into the classroomforget to do忘记做某事(此事未做)/ forget doing忘记曾做过某事(此事已做) He forgot to post the letter when he walked past the post office Ill never forget seeing him for t

16、he first timeremember to do记得要做某事(此事未做)/ remember doing记得某事已做过(此事已做) e.g.：I remember seeing her once somewhere You must remember to take your umbrella when you leave homego on to do继续做另一件事 go on doing接着做同一件事e.g. ：She stood up and shook hands with me, and then she went on writing something AfterIfini

17、shedmyhomework,1wentontoreadthenoveltry to do企图想做某事 try doing试着做某事(看看有什么后果发生) e.g. ：We tried to persuade him to go with us, but he wouldnt listen Lets try doing the work some other way.mean to do (意思是) 打算做某事 mean doing意味着做某事 e.g. ：Revolution means librating the productive forceSorry ,I didnt mean to

18、 hurt youregret to do遗憾地做某事(通常后接say ,tell等动词)/ regret doing后悔做了某事e.g. ：I regret to tell that you didnt pass the exam againHe regretted having told her the bad news(5)动词如： (permit ,allow，admit，forbid，imagine，consider) advise sb to do sthadvise doing sthadvise sb to do sthe.g. ：The doctor advised me n

19、ot to go to bed too late. Please permit me to introduce myself to you first You surely cant consider him to be a selfish man My parents forbid me to stay out after mid-night I allowed the children to play in my room for another five minutes.注意：*在imagineconsider后通常用“to be”作宾语补足语。to be有时可省略。e.g.：Youd

20、better imagine yourself (to be) in his placeThe situation was considered (to be) pretty good*在consider后，作宾补不定式主要是to be，行为动词to do则多用to have done 形式。 如:We all considered him to have told a lie .advisepermitallowadmitforbidimagineconsider doing sth.e.g. ：The little boy admitted having broken the glassT

21、hey shouldnt allow parking in the street ; its too narrow.Can you imagine my being so stupid ?I forbid smoking in my houseWe do not permit smoking in the officestep4sum-up不定式和动名词作宾语的区别非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.动词的用法Step 5Homework巩固练习用所给动词的to do 或doing 形式填空：1)Little Tom regretted _(waste) so

22、much time playing computer games .2)They were expecting _(get) the results of the examination.3)Will you advise me which of them _(buy) ?4)On the bus the young man pretended _(not see) the old woman standing beside him.5)We all consider John_ (be) an honest boy.6)Our boss forbids_ (chat) during offi

23、ce hours .7)The rules do not permit players _(step) out of bounds.8)The boy begged to permit him_ (explain).9)The young man imagined _(live) on a lonely island.10) It was useless to forbid children _(play) here.11) Why have they delayed _(open) the new school ?12) She enjoys _(practise) _(dance) bef

24、ore the large mirror.13) By taking the back way, he escaped _(see).14) Id prefer _(stay) here waiting for his arrival.15) As the meeting was beginning , we all stopped _(talk).16) This kind of car is nice but I cant afford _(buy) one.17) Im sorry I forgot _(tell) you about the meeting .18) She tried

25、 _(comfort) me by saying some funny things 19) Going on waiting here means _(waste) our time .20) They went on _(work) in the fields in spite of the heavy rain.课题序号非谓语动词2授课班级授课课时2授课形式授课章节名称非谓语动词2使用教具教学目的I、非谓语动词-现在分词用作表语2、非谓语动词动名词用作表语3、现在分词和动名词作表语的区别4、不定式、分词和动名词作定语的区别5、不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语有时在时态上有区别教学重点现在

26、分词和动名词作表语的区别、不定式、分词和动名词作定语的区别教学难点现在分词和动名词作表语与现在进行时的区别、分词和过去分词作表语在意义上的区别、现在分词和动名词作定语的区别更新、补充、删节内容课外作业补充作业教学后记详细地分项讲解非谓语动词的三种形式。Step 1 Step 1 GreetingsStep 2 Review the old lessons不定式和动名词作宾语的区别动词的用法Step 3 Presentation1、现在分词和动名词作表语的区别：（1）现在分词用来说明主语的性质，可用very 来修饰。如：The news is surprising. (surprising 用来

27、说明The news 的性质.可以说very surprising .)His words were encouraging .(encouraging 用来说明His words 的性质.可以说very encouraging .)*动名词和主语说的是同一件事，不可用very 来修饰。如：My job is teaching English.(My job=teaching English,不可说very teaching English .)Teaching is also learning .(Teaching =learning ,不可说very learning.)(2)注意现在分词

28、和动名词作表语与现在进行时的区别。如：His view is very alarming (现在分词作表语表示主语的性质)What he likes to do is staying at home alone and reading .(动名词作表语表示的是某一件事情)He is watching the football game on TV.(现在进行时表示某动作在进行)*过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。如：My bike is broken .(broken 形容词作表语，表示“状态”)。 My bike was broken by Jim(动词过去分词构成被动语态，表示“动作”)(3

29、)还要注意现在分词和过去分词作表语在意义上的区别。*过去分词作表语表示人的感觉，主语通常是人。现在分词作表语表示事物本身的特点，主语通常是事物。如：Im interested in English(我的感觉，觉得有趣. The film is interesting(电影本身的特点是使人有趣.)类似情况还有：surprising surprised, exciting excited, tiring tired , disappointing disappointed, encouraging encouraged ， interesting interested ，amazed amazing , bored boring , pleasing pleased, astonishing astonished.2、不定式、分词和动名词作定语的区别(1)动词不定式作定语通常放在被修饰的名词后面。如：I have something important to tell you The poor children had little to eat它和被修饰的名词有时有动宾关系。如：There is some books for you to read(可看成：to read some books)Id like to get somethin