中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练.docx

1、中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时arrive at(in)get to/reach come/go/move to.be in /athave been in /atcome back/go back/returnbe backhave been backcome out/go outbe out have been outbecomebe have beenclosebe closedhave been closedopen(v)be open(adj.)have b

2、een openget upbe uphave been updiebe deadhave been deadleavebe away fromhave been away fromfall asleep/get to sleepbe asleephave been asleep finish/endbe overhave been overmarry/get marriedbe married have been marriedbegin/startbe on have been onborrowkeephave keptbuyhavehave hadput onwearcatch/get

3、a coldhave a coldhave had a coldget to knowknowhave knownhave/has gone tohave/has been injoin the league/the Party/the armybe a member/members of; be in have been a member/members of;have been in语法讲解：1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“howlong”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词

4、。例：HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeijingtwoyearsago.Whendidthetrainarrivehere?B.Howlong_thetrain_here?2.在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例：Lucy has come back.Theoldmandied4yearsago.= Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeijing

5、twoyearsago.=ItistwoyearssinceheleftBeijing.=TwoyearshaspassedsinceheleftBeijing.3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如：Shehasntboughtanynewclothessincelastyear. Ihaventborrowedthebookforalongtime.巩固习题：1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeena

6、wayD.hadbeenaway2. I_theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin3.Thefactory_sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened4.MaryandRose_friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Themeeting_foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover6.MissG

7、ao_thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught7.Ben_ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became8.I_homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned9.Howlong_he_?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead10.-HowlongcanI_thebook?-Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep11.He_thecarforaweek.A.

8、boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad12.-Howlong_you_ill?-Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been13.Since2000,he_hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom14.Illlendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take15.Thebus_ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen16.Tomisillinhos

9、pital.He_acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad17.He_for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup二、英语书面表达专项训练2书面表达你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（a boarding school)和走读（a day school)两类学校的选择。请你以“A boarding school or a day school”为题。写一篇短文，内容须包括：读寄宿学校的利和弊；读走读学校的利和弊；你的选择和理由（不得与上述两点内容重复）。注意：1. 词数;100词左右（文章开头结尾已给出，不计

10、入总词数）；2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息；3. 文章必须包含提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥。A hoarding school or a day schoolWe are going to graduate from our middle school, _【答案】We are going to graduate from our middle schools, and we will make a choice to enter a boarding school or a day school. Both kinds of school have their advantag

11、es and disadvantages.If we choose a boarding school, we will save time to study. However, we may have less time to stay with our family. If we choose a day school, parents can know more about our studies. At the same time computer games and TV plays may make a bad influence on us. As for me, I prefe

12、r a boarding school. We should pay attention to our studies to get good grades in the high school.【解析】【分析】整体分析：这是一篇给材料作文。可以分三段写。第一段要写总体交代你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（a boarding school)和走读（a day school)两类学校的选择。第二段要写详细叙述读寄宿学校的利弊；读走读学校的利弊。第三段要表述作者自己的选择和理由。【详解】写作之前要1.审清题目，看看有哪些要求？哪些时态？人称？2.确定文章类型，记叙文？说明文？议论文？看图？还是应用文？3

13、.确定时态，单一还是混合。4.写下关键词、短语、句型。5.列出提纲和段落，并运用适当的句型和过渡词衔接。6.根据提纲和段落结构句型及关键词句完成文章。写完后反复阅读修改推敲润色，人称、时态、单复数一致等。运用自然过渡法和自然衔接法来是文章更为地道、通顺、纯正。用的短语、句型：both kinds of、If we choose a boarding school、At the same time、As for me, I prefer a boarding school、pay attention to、来增加了文章的亮点。【点睛】这类作文的写作方法要注意认真审题，注意过渡性语言的使用。做到：

14、要点要全，表达要清晰明确，使用短语，句型要准确，注意避免拼写和语法错误。3请你根据以下内容提示,为学校广播站英语专栏写一篇短文,介绍发生在你好朋友王强Wang Qiang身上的一件事。1.上周一放学后Wang Qiang骑车回家,在十字路口,看到一位老太太正要过马路。2.当时交通灯坏了,所有车辆都一个接一个通过十字路口。3.老太太犹豫不决,不敢独自穿过十字路口。4.王强看到这种情况,主动上前拦住了车辆领着老人安全过了路口。5.请就此事谈谈你的看法.要求: 1.短文要包括以上所有要点。2.行文连贯,可适当发挥。3.词数:80-100。开头部分已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:十字路口 crossr

15、oads 在犹豫不决 hesitate inLast Monday Wang Qiang rode his bike back home._【答案】Last Monday Wang Qiang rode his bike back home. On his way home, at a crossroads he saw an old lady going across the road. Because the traffic lights didnt work at that time, all the traffic crossed the road without stopping o

16、ne by one. The lady hesitated in whether she should cross it, but she was afraid to do that When Wang Qiang saw that, he offered to stop the traffic with his bike in order to lead her to cross the road safely.In my opinion, Wang Qiang is such a good example that we should learn from him. At the same

17、 time we also suggest that all the drivers should let people cross first and then traffic when this situation happens.【解析】【分析】这是一篇给材料作文，介绍发生在我的好朋友王强身上的一件事。【详解】结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般过去时，人称为第三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：The lady hesitated，but she was afraid，he offered to，Wang Qiang is

18、.等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。【点睛】本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了王强骑车回家的路上看见一位老太太不敢过马路，接下来介绍他主动上前拦住了车辆领着老人安全过了路口，最后我就这件事谈谈我的想法。此处on ones way, see sb doing sth, at that time, without doing sth, offer to do sth, learn from等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。4假如你是李明，5月18日星期六这一天，你与几位同班同学一起参观了水上公园 (Water Park)。请根据下面的内容提示

19、，写一篇日记。(1)乘.坐大巴约一小时后到达目的地，游客多；(2)上午划船，下午看了许多动物，例如：(3)碰到几位外国朋友并与他们交谈：(4)看到了乱扔垃圾、插队等不良现象：(5)你的感想参考词汇：.插队cut in line要求：(1)词数：80100个。(2)短文的开头己给出，不计入总词数(3)要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥May 18, Saturday Fine Today I visited Water Park with several of my classmates._ 【答案】May 18, Saturday FineToday I visited Water Park wi

20、th several of mv classmates. It took us about an hour to get there by bus. When we arrived, there were a lot of visitors.In the morning, we went boating and enjoyed ourselves. We saw many animals, such as pandas, giraffes and monkeys in the afternoon. They are so lovely. We met some foreign guests a

21、nd talked with them happily. However, during our visit we saw some people throwing rubbish and cutting in line.In my opinion, it is our duty to protect the environment and follow the rules in public. And I hope changes will take place in the future.【解析】【详解】这是一篇给材料作文，要求写参观日记。动笔前应根据材料内容组织语言，列出简单提纲，确定句

22、子的时态和关键单词等问题。为了使语言更显亲切，在写作时主语用第一人称，时态以一般过去时为主。同时注意时间状语与时态的搭配及主谓一致问题，适当使用连词，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误，做到语意连贯。【点睛】此类作文首先要做的就是认真阅读题目要求，结合所给材料确定内容，不能跑题偏题。写作中注意一些基础的写作常识，不犯低级错误。只要平时积累足够，就一定能获得满意的分数。另外为了应对考试，可以有选择的背诵一些范文，这样应考时就会有法可依。5书面表达 生活中好友间也会因各种原因闹些小矛盾，当你与朋友间产生不愉快后，你会如何 处理此类问题呢？请根据以下提示点谈谈你的想法。1. 上周日，你的好友

23、Lisa，弄丢了你最心爱的图书，这是妈妈送给你的生日礼物；2. 但是Lisa并没有因此而道歉，你很难过；3. 你喜欢阅读，认为读书可以开阔眼界，所以你很珍惜自己的每一本书籍；4. 接下来你打算参考词汇：cherish珍惜open up ones eyes开阔眼界 要求：1. 字数80-100个；2. 开头已经给出不计入总词数；3. 要点齐全，行为连贯，适当发挥。When I have trouble with my best friendThere are always problems around us, even between close friends. Let me tell you something about myself. Last Sunday. _【答案】When I have trouble with my bes