1、 Besides the obvious potential for spreading diseases to humans, animals and crops, there are also hidden dangers. Microorganisms are invisible to the naked eye, so we tend to ignore them and dont necessarily appreciate their role in how the planet operates. Bacteria are very important to biogeochem
2、istrythe cycling of nutrition and other chemicals through ecosystems. For instance, before humans invented a way to make fertilizer industrially, every single nitrogen(氮)atom in our proteins and DNA had to be chemically caught by a bacterial cell before it could be taken in by plants and then enter
3、the human food chain. The oxygen we breathe is largely made by microorganisms in the oceans rather than mainly by rainforests, as is opposite to common belief. Our effects on bacteria have the potential to change these basic bacterial functions. It is vital to gain a better understanding of how huma
4、ns are affecting microorganisms distribution, their abundance, and their life-keeping processes. Although bacteria are invisible, we overlook them at our own risk. 【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲了细菌的作用, 以及很多细菌成了濒危物种。1. What can be learned about the bacteria according to the text? A. Their population is becoming large
5、r. B. Some of them may become endangered species. C. They only cause great threat to other creatures. D. Much attention has been drawn to their researches. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知一些细菌也成为了濒危物种。2. What was the first step of the cycling of a nitrogen atom before entering our body?A. Being caught by a ba
6、cterial cell. B. Entering the human food chain. C. Being transported by humans. D. Being taken in by plants. 【解析】选A。由第五段every single nitrogen atom in our proteins and DNA had to be chemically caught by a bacterial cell before it could be taken in by plants and then enter the human food chain. 可知氮原子在
7、进入我们的身体之前, 首先要被细菌细胞抓住。3. Where is the majority of oxygen produced according to the text?A. In the human food chain. B. In the rainforest. C. In the mountains. D. In the oceans. 【解析】选D。由第五段The oxygen we breathe is largely made by microorganisms in the oceans rather than mainly by rainforests, as is o
8、pposite to common belief. 可知大部分氧气是由海洋中的微生物产生的。4. Which part of the newspaper is the text probably taken from?A. Science and technology. B. Health and medicine. C. Agriculture and animals. D. Environment and energy. 推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了细菌的作用, 以及很多细菌成了濒危物种, 所以这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的科技板块。【知识拓展】长难句分析Despite their vast
9、numbers, little research has been done to understand the impact that modern human practices have on these tiny organisms, which have an important influence on many aspects of our lives. 翻译: 尽管它们数目众多, 但是很少有调查去研究现在人们的行为会对这些微小的生物的影响, 而这会对我们人类生活的很多方面起着至关重要的作用。分析: 本句的主干是little research has been done to u
10、nderstand the impact, that引导限定性定语从句修饰前面的impact, which引导非限定性定语从句修饰前面整个句子。BOur mother earth is going through a very tough situation and we, the entire human race, are destroying our environment or unconsciously without even realizing its consequences. Now we have to act very smartly and plan something
11、 to sustain what we still have, getting all necessary support from nature to lead healthy lives. Gardening is always an excellent and environmentally friendly idea. If you can go for sustainable gardening, then it will be even more useful for all. Gardening is a favorite hobby for many. It is time t
12、o channelize your hobby towards a more meaningful motivation. When we do gardening we need to use different ingredients to grow plants. Some of them are natural resources like water, soil, sunshine, and many things like these. Using these resources smartly is a part of sustainable gardening. Some si
13、mple techniques include: use less water and organic things to grow plants; try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening; try using less energy to drive devices; avoid using plastics in any form while gardening; reuse the leaves from your garden to fertilize them. These are the basic
14、 sustainable measures. To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of them. In todays busy life we dont get much time to spend on our environment. Gardening gives us a chance to do so. We can also have some pe
15、sticide-free and fresh food if we grow them in our garden. This is the right time to do some good to protect our own environment and gardening is one of the easiest ways. Do you want to start gardening, but youre not sure how? Click here: http: /www. gardenhowto. com. 【文章大意】本文重点介绍怎样合理利用资源发展园艺, 不浪费资源
16、, 不产生对环境有害的物质, 从而保护地球。5. What does the underlined word “channelize” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Cause. B. Transform. C. Direct. D. Associate. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。本句中channelize来源于channel“渠道, 频道”, 根据后半句towards a more. . . 可知, channelize为“指导, 导向”的意思, 故选C。6. Which of the following belongs to a sustainable measu
17、re?A. Using advanced electrical machines. B. Avoiding fertilizers. C. Watering plants with collected rainwater. D. Clearing away the leaves. 根据第三段try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening可知, 使用存储的雨水来浇灌植物, 是属于可持续发展的措施, 故选C。7. What is the benefit of sustainable gardening?A. It requ
18、ires little water. B. It needs no fertilizer. C. It breaks up plastics. D. It doesnt waste any resource. 根据第三段To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of them. 可知, 用这样的方法, 可以合理利用资源, 不浪费资源, 故选D。8. Where is t
19、he passage probably taken from?A. A newspaper. B. The Internet. C. A guidebook. D. A science report. 根据最后一段Click here: /www. gardenhowto. com. 可知, 本文来源于网站, 故选B。【知识拓展】难句解读To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting
20、 any of them. 要想做到这一点, 我们需要对园艺和它的要求有所了解, 只有这样我们才能做到不浪费资源, 合理利用资源。 本句是so that 引导的目的状语从句, 主句中To do so为目的状语。. 完形填空Isnt it amazing how you never have to water your weeds or nurture (培育) them and they still give you an unwanted crop?I can remember as a young boy my grandfather showed me how to1 this anno
21、ying weed called Bermuda grass. It was 2 stuff and it would really 3 if you didnt get it out by the 4. When my wife and I bought our first home about 8 years ago, what I had to deal with this is this certain part weeds5 to the Bermuda grass, which would also spread wildly. After getting the inside o
22、f our home6, it was time to work on the outside. On my hands and knees I 7 attacked the weeds with a small hand spade getting each one 8 by the roots. Just this Spring I realized that one particular weed was no longer 9 but another one was in full 10. So again, I got down on my hands and knees and g
23、ot to work 11 them from my yard. When I was 12, my yard was better off. Sometimes our life can be so similar. We all have weeds in our life. These weeds can be challenges, setbacks, or 13 beliefs, and the list can be 14. When dealing with these weeds of15, the 16 is to get to the root of them and re
24、move them one by one out and eventually you will 17 this round. And when another crop of weeds 18, deal with them directly 19 they spread, because now that you know what to do with them by getting to the root of it, it will give you more courage and 20 the next time a problem arises up. 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹
25、叙夹议类短文阅读。文章主要讲述了作者自己铲除杂草的经历, 引申到我们如何铲除我们人生中的杂草。1. A. eat up B. dig upC. break up D. put up根据后句It was _stuff and it would really _if you didnt get it out by the _. 提示可知祖父给我示范如何铲除一种叫百慕大草的讨厌杂草。dig up把挖出来, 铲除, 符合语境。2. A. powerful B. poisonousC. sensitive D. terrible根据前句中的this annoying weed“讨厌的杂草”可知, 这种草
26、是一种很可怕的(terrible)东西。3. A. spread B. succeedC. withdraw D. compromise根据后句if you didnt get it out, 可知如果你不斩草除根, 它就会逐渐蔓延(spread)开来。4. A. leaves B. handsC. spades D. roots根据后文attacked the weeds with a small hand spade getting each one _by the roots. 直接找到答案, 这里指斩草除根(root)。5. A. attractive B. similarC. fun
27、damental D. unknown根据后句which would also spread wildly. 提示可知, 这一大片杂草简直可以与那时候的百慕大草相似(similar)。6. A. counted B. mendedC. appreciated D. settled根据后句it was time to work on the outside. 该清理外面了。可知我们处理(settle)好屋子的内部。7. A. energetically B. unsuccessfullyC. curiously D. thankfully根据前句On my hands and knees I可知, 作者很积极地铲草。句意: 我跪在地上不知疲倦地(energetically), 用一个小手铲把所有的杂草连根除掉。8. A. inside B. outC. off D. across根据前文It was _stuff and it would really _if you didnt get it out by the _. 提示可以直接选出答案。这里指作者用小铲将每一根杂草连根拔掉。get sth. out把事物弄出来, 即拔起。
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