考研英语二真题及答案文档格式.docx

1、The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. Im experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. Ive also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 Im trai

2、ning according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However2. A. helps B. cares C. warns D. reduces3. A. initially B. solely C. oc

3、casionally D. formally4. A. recording B. lowering C. explaining D. accepting5. A. modify B. set C. review D. reach6. A. definition B. depiction C. distribution D. prediction7. A. due to B. regardless of C. aside from D. along with8. A. orderly B. rigid C. precise D. immediate9. A. claims B. judgment

4、s C. reasons D. methods10. A. instead B. though C. again D. indeed11. A. report B. track C. overlook D. conceal12. A. depend on B. approve of C. hold onto D. account for13. A. prepare B. share C. adjust D. confirm14. A. results B. features C. rules D. tests15. A. bored B. anxious C. hungry D. sick16

5、. A. principle B. secret C. belief D. sign17. A. request B. necessity C. decision D. wish18. A. disappointing B. surprising C. restricting D. consuming19. A. if B. because C. unless D. until20. A. obsessing B. dominating C. puzzling D. triumphingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the followi

6、ng four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms.

7、Children arent born knowing how to say “Im sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, g

8、uilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable its the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology rese

9、archer at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binary feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happ

10、iness can be destructive.And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunit

11、y. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low i

12、n sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the childrens self-observations, she

13、rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined

14、 they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news,” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing be

15、cause it may help _.A. foster a childs moral developmentB. regulate a childs basic emotionsC. improve a childs intellectual abilityD. intensify a childs positive feelings22. According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be _.A. inexcusableB. deceptiveC. addictiveD. burdensome23. Vais

16、h holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that _.A. emotions are context-independentB. an emotion can play opposing rolesC. emotions are socially constructiveD. emotional stability can benefit health24. Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _.A. may be the ou

17、tcome of impulsive actsB. may help correct emotional deficienciesC. can bring about emotional satisfactionD. can result from either sympathy or guilt25. The word “transgressions” （Line 4, Para. 5） is closest in meaning to _.A. teachingsB. wrongdoingsC. discussionsD. restrictionsText 2Forests give us

18、 shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emi

19、t more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks” long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so man

20、y climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The states proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so th

21、ey grow and thrive, restoring the forests capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, si

22、nce 2010, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 financed from the proceeds of the states emissions-

23、permit auctions. Thats only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in

24、the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally theyve focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for r

25、ecreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Californias plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.26. By saying “one of the harder challenges,” the author implies that _.A. global climate

26、change may get out of controlB. forests may become a potential threatC. people may misunderstand global warmingD. extreme weather conditions may arise27. To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks,” we may need to _.A. preserve the diversity of species in themB. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacityC. accelerate the growth of young treesD. strike a balance among different plants28. Californias Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to _.A. restore its forests quickly after wildfiresB. cultivate more drought-resistant treesC. find more effective ways to kill insectsD. reduce the d