学年上学期寒假作业高二 英语 学生版附答案.docx

1、学年上学期寒假作业高二 英语 学生版附答案一、单词拼写1._n.特征；特性2._vt.打败；战胜；使受挫（n.）失败3._n.治愈；痊愈（vt.）治愈；治疗4._vt.吸收；吸引；使专心5._vt.遇见；预知6._vt.认为；怀疑7._vt.向挑战8._adj.小心的；谨慎的9._vt.捐献；贡献10._vt.暴露；揭露二、完成句子11. Parents should try to _ (改掉孩子的坏习惯).12. As we all know, the scientist _(已经做出了重大贡献) to the world.13. The company is _ (处于控制中) the y

2、oungest son of that rich man.14. The water company _(接到指令) not to expose people to polluted water. 15. It is suggested that he _ (参加) the club activities.三、单项选择16. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame17. The fam

3、ous actor personally _ $500 million to the quake-hit areas.A. controlled B. conducted C. contributed D. constructed 18. It was the serious water pollution that _ the death of the thousands of fishes.A. came about B. resulted from C. led to D. made up19. The doctor told him not to leave his wound _.A

4、. exposed B. to expose C. to be exposed D. exposing20. I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any _ to me. A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance21. Most people didnt accept the theory when it was first_.A. set about B. set off C. put forward D. put out22. Your son is n

5、aughty. Eh, and in addition, he has got into some bad habits. I think I should _.A. cure them of him B. cure him of them C. cure them off him D. cure him off them23. _you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.A. At times B. Some time C. Every time D. The time24. When I op

6、ened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely _ in a book he was reading.A. absorbed B. losing C. attracted D. addicted25. The lights were left on all night long. Oh. It seems that Tom is _. Only he stayed in the classroom when I left yesterday evening.A. blaming B. blamed C. to

7、blame D. to be blamed四、阅读理解A【2018年甘肃省临夏中学第一学期期中考试】He is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old. In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall, Professor

8、 Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University, where he studied physics, and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.Professor Hawking said: “My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4

9、and then she was definitely brighter than me.” He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class. “My classwork was very untidy, and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers,” he said. “But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they

10、 saw signs of something better.”But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said, “When you are faced with

11、the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”26. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.B. Stephen Hawking couldnt read at the age of 7.C. Ste

12、phen Hawkings handwriting was once terribly bad.D. Stephen Hawkings sister once performed much better than him.27. What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work?A. Patience. B. Knowledge.C. Disease. D. Laziness.28. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Stephen Hawking didnt realize his

13、 dreams in physics.B. It was possible for Hawking to face the early death.C. The purpose of the doctors diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.D. His life might be taken away by long hard work.29. From whom did Hawking get a relatively just estimation when he was at school?A. His sister. B. His

14、 classmates.C. His teachers. D. His parents.B【2018年陕西省西安市长安区第一中学高三上学期第六次质量检测】Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals（晶体）that could be 50,000 years old. The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be seen only with a m

15、icroscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron. She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science

16、. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives. The caves i

17、n Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was separated from the surface and the outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europes Middle Ages. There are crystals covering

18、 the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs（病菌）or other damage. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius t

19、o cool down.NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last weeks announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. Why are we surprised? Noonan as

20、ked. As a biologist, I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful. Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries, such as Ukraine and the United States. These microbes appear to be impossible to kill. Boston said they show how difficult life o

21、n Earth can be.30. The existence of the ancient microbes relies on _.A. surrounding insects B. diverse plantsC. eating minerals D. absorbing air31. What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage? A. The temperature in the caves is quite low.B. The caves have been explored since they wer

22、e formed.C. The walls are covered by crystals.D. The environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to.32. What is the biologist Norine Noonans attitude towards the findings? A. Neutral. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.33. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Living organisms bring hope to

23、 scientific research.B. Scientists discover 50,000-year-old “super life” in Mexico.C. Microbes show great power to survive in terrible conditions.D. Caves provide living environment for living organisms.五、七选五【2016年北京高考试题】The Science of RiskSeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger

24、is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. _34_Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with earl

25、y humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. _35_ As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too

26、 much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. _36_No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range,

27、 scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. _37_To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well._38_ For the risk-seekers a part

28、of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B.

29、Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these wellequipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using

30、the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 时时总结一下，进步更快哟！ 一、单句语法填空1. He likes _ (collect) stamps.2. I was _ (thrill) to be invited.3. This girl gave a vivid _ (describe) of the event.4. The Apollo program was not so much a scientific achievement as a technical _. (accomplish)5. The following are our _ (arrange) for you. 6. Tom takes great delight _ writing.7. When do you think is convenient _