学年上学期寒假作业高二 英语 学生版附答案.docx
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学年上学期寒假作业高二英语学生版附答案
一、单词拼写
1.________n.特征;特性
2.________vt.打败;战胜;使受挫(n.)失败
3.________n.治愈;痊愈(vt.)治愈;治疗
4.________vt.吸收;吸引;使专心
5.________vt.遇见;预知
6.________vt.认为;怀疑
7.________vt.向……挑战
8.________adj.小心的;谨慎的
9.________vt.捐献;贡献
10._______vt.暴露;揭露
二、完成句子
11.Parentsshouldtryto________________(改掉孩子的坏习惯).
12.Asweallknow,thescientist_______________________(已经做出了重大贡献)totheworld.
13.Thecompanyis____________________(处于控制中)theyoungestsonofthatrichman.
14.Thewatercompany________________(接到指令)nottoexposepeopletopollutedwater.
15.Itissuggestedthathe_______________(参加)theclubactivities.
三、单项选择
16.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_______forthespoiledchild.
A.istoblame B.isgoingtoblame
C.istobeblamed D.shouldblame
17.Thefamousactorpersonally_______$500milliontothequake-hitareas.
A.controlled B.conducted C.contributed D.constructed
18.Itwastheseriouswaterpollutionthat_______thedeathofthethousandsoffishes.
A.cameabout B.resultedfrom C.ledto D.madeup
19.Thedoctortoldhimnottoleavehiswound_______.
A.exposed B.toexpose C.tobeexposed D.exposing
20.Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimesbutitdoesn’tmakeany______tome.
A.meaning B.importance C.sense D.significance
21.Mostpeopledidn’tacceptthetheorywhenitwasfirst__________.
A.setabout B.setoffC.putforwardD.putout
22.—Yoursonisnaughty.
—Eh,andinaddition,hehasgotintosomebadhabits.IthinkIshould________.
A.curethemofhimB.curehimofthemC.curethemoffhimD.curehimoffthem
23.__________youtalktosomeoneorwriteamessage,youshowyourskillstoothers.
A.AttimesB.SometimeC.EverytimeD.Thetime
24.WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundmyfathersittinginhischair,completely______inabookhewasreading.
A.absorbedB.losingC.attractedD.addicted
25.—Thelightswereleftonallnightlong.
—Oh.ItseemsthatTomis______.OnlyhestayedintheclassroomwhenIleftyesterdayevening.
A.blamingB.blamedC.toblameD.tobeblamed
四、阅读理解
A
【2018年甘肃省临夏中学第一学期期中考试】Heisregardedashavingoneofthebrightestmindsontheplanet.Butoutstandingastrophysicist(天体物理学家)StephenHawkinghasadmittedthathedidnotlearntoreaduntilhewaseightyearsold.InapubliclectureattheRoyalAlbertHall,ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity,wherehestudiedphysics,andthatonlythediagnosisthathemightdieyoungfrommotorneurone(神经元)diseasemadehimconcentrateonhiswork.
ProfessorHawkingsaid:
“MysisterPhilippacouldreadbytheageof4andthenshewasdefinitelybrighterthanme.”Hesaidthathewasunexceptionalatschoolandwasneverfurtherthanhalfwayuphisclass.“Myclassworkwasveryuntidy,andmyhandwritingwasthedespairofmyteachers,”hesaid.“ButmyclassmatesgavemethenicknameEinstein,sopresumablytheysawsignsofsomethingbetter.”
Buthesaidthatitwaswhendoctorstoldhimthatheprobablyonlyhadafewyearstoliveattheageof21thatgalvanizedhimintofocusingonhisworkandaperiodofproductivitythatresultedinsomeofhisearlybreakthroughs.Hesaid,“Whenyouarefacedwiththepossibilityofanearlydeath,itmakesyourealizethatlifeisworthlivingandtherearelotsofthingsyouwanttodo.”
26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.StephenHawkingisthesecondEinsteinintheworld.
B.StephenHawkingcouldn’treadattheageof7.
C.StephenHawking’shandwritingwasonceterriblybad.
D.StephenHawking’ssisteronceperformedmuchbetterthanhim.
27.WhatmadeStephenHawkingdevotehimselftohiswork?
A.Patience. B.Knowledge.
C.Disease. D.Laziness.
28.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.StephenHawkingdidn’trealizehisdreamsinphysics.
B.ItwaspossibleforHawkingtofacetheearlydeath.
C.Thepurposeofthedoctor’sdiagnosiswastoencouragehimtoworkhard.
D.Hislifemightbetakenawaybylonghardwork.
29.FromwhomdidHawkinggetarelativelyjustestimationwhenhewasatschool?
A.Hissister. B.Hisclassmates.
C.Histeachers. D.Hisparents.
B
【2018年陕西省西安市长安区第一中学高三上学期第六次质量检测】Scientistshavefoundlivingorganismstrappedincrystals(晶体)thatcouldbe50,000yearsold.
Theorganismswerefoundinahot,butbeautifulcavesysteminNaica,Mexico.Theseancientlifeformscanbeseenonlywithamicroscope.PenelopeBoston,wholeadstheAstrobiologyInstituteatNASA,thespaceagencyoftheUnitedStates,saystheancientmicrobeswereabletolivebyeatingmineralssuchasiron.
ShespokeaboutthediscoveryrecentlyatameetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Ifthefindingsareconfirmed,theywillshowhowmicrobescansurviveinextremeconditions.Fortydifferentkindsofmicrobesandsomeviruseswerefoundintheundergroundarea.Thegeneticstructuresoftheseorganismsare10percentdifferentfromthoseoftheirnearestrelatives.
ThecavesinNaicaare800kilometersdeep.Theywereonceusedformininglead.Beforetheminersbeganworkinginthecaves,theareawasseparatedfromthesurfaceandtheoutsideworld.SomeofthecavesareasbigasthelargereligiouscentersbuiltduringEurope’sMiddleAges.Therearecrystalscoveringthewalls.Thecavesaresohotthatscientistsmustwearspecialclothingtokeepcool.Theclothingkeepsthecrystalssafefromhumangerms(病菌)orotherdamage.Bostonsaidtheresearcherscouldonlyworkforabout20minutesatatimebeforetheyhadtogotoaroomthatwas38degreesCelsiustocooldown.
NASAofficialswouldnotletBostonshareherfindingswithscientificexpertsbeforelastweek’sannouncement.Soscientistscouldnotsaymuchaboutthefindings.ButNorineNoonan,abiologistwiththeUniversityofSouthFlorida,saidshebelievedthem."Whyarewesurprised?
"Noonanasked."Asabiologist,IwouldsaylifeonEarthisextremelytoughandextremelycolorful."
Bostonisalsostudyingmicrobescommonlyfoundinsidecavesinothercountries,suchasUkraineandtheUnitedStates.Thesemicrobesappeartobeimpossibletokill.BostonsaidtheyshowhowdifficultlifeonEarthcanbe.
30.Theexistenceoftheancientmicrobesrelieson_______.
A.surroundinginsectsB.diverseplants
C.eatingmineralsD.absorbingair
31.WhatcanweinferaboutthecavesinNaicafromthepassage?
A.Thetemperatureinthecavesisquitelow.
B.Thecaveshavebeenexploredsincetheywereformed.
C.Thewallsarecoveredbycrystals.
D.Theenvironmentinthecavesisdifficulttoadaptto.
32.WhatisthebiologistNorineNoonan’sattitudetowardsthefindings?
A.Neutral.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.
33.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Livingorganismsbringhopetoscientificresearch.
B.Scientistsdiscover50,000-year-old“superlife”inMexico.
C.Microbesshowgreatpowertosurviveinterribleconditions.
D.Cavesprovidelivingenvironmentforlivingorganisms.
五、七选五
【2016年北京高考试题】TheScienceofRisk——Seeking
Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking._34__Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?
Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.
Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring._35__Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.
Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?
Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit._36_
Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears._37__Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.
_38__Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.
Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.
A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.
B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.
C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.
D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.
E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.
F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.
G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.
时时总结一下,进步更快哟!
一、单句语法填空
1.Helikes________(collect)stamps.
2.Iwas________(thrill)tobeinvited.
3.Thisgirlgaveavivid________(describe)oftheevent.
4.TheApolloprogramwasnotsomuchascientificachievementasatechnical________.(accomplish)
5.Thefollowingareour________(arrange)foryou.
6.Tomtakesgreatdelight________writing.
7.Whendoyouthinkisconvenient____