大学英语四级段落汉译英常用词汇积累.docx

1、大学英语四级段落汉译英常用词汇积累2013年12月起大学英语四级考试翻译部分由原来的单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英，（查看翻译部分样题）内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。 多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服务 house

2、hold management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity 农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social insurance 暂住证 temporary residence permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling 性别歧视 gender/se

3、xual discrimination 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism 文盲 illiteracy 贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 盗版 pirated/illegal copies 一国两制 One Country， Two Systems 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences （NPC and CPPCC） 南南合作 South-South Cooperation 南北

4、对话 North-South Dialogue 人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee 法制观念 awareness of law 法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system 改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants 官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning 计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of

5、family planning 精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee 科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency 两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领土完整 territorial integrity 民

6、族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望comm

7、on desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethic盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological educat

8、ion毕业生分酉己 graduate placement； assignment of graduate充电 update ones knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of （liber

9、al） arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers college； normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考（university/college） entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the en

10、trance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program； syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teachi

11、ng人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate （BEC）适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade； enrollment rate硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral

12、 study素质教育 quality-oriented education填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生 extern； non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生 graduate student； post-graduate （student）应届毕业生 graduating student； current years graduate校园数字化 campus digitalization校园文化 campus culture学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chine

13、se学历教育 education with record of formal schooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育 preschool education学生减负 alleviate the burden on students应试教育 exam-oriented education职业道德 work ethics； professional ethics记者招待会press conference国家教委 State Education Commission国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲 function

14、al illiterate智力引进 recruit/introduce （foreign） talents智商 intelligence quotient （IQ）助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物 online shopping高产优质 high yield and high quality高科技园 high-tech park 工业园区 industrial park 火炬计划 Torch Program （a plan to

15、 develop new and high technology） 信息港info port 信息革命 information revolution 电子货币e-currency 人工智能 artificial intelligence （AI） 生物技术 bio-technology 克隆 cloning 基因工程 genetic engineering 转基因食品 genetically modified food （GM food）试管婴儿 test-tube baby 基因哭变 genetic mutation 网络出版e-publishing 三维电影 three-dimension

16、al movie 光谷 optical valley 虚拟银行virtual bank 信息化 informationization 信息高速公路 information superhighway 新兴学科 new branch of science； emerging discipline 纳米 nanometer 个人数字助理 personal digital assistant （PDA） 生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture 技术密集产品 technology-intensive product 数码科技 digital technology 同步

17、卫星 geostationary satellite 神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V 风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite 登月舱 lunar module 多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite （SMMS） 多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service （ MMS） 电子商务 e-business； e-commerce 电子管理e-management 办公自动化 Office Automation （OA）信息高地 informa

18、tion highland 信息检索 information retrieval 电话会议 teleconference 无土栽培 soilless cultivation 超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice 科技发展 scientific and technological advancement 重点项目key project 国家重点工程 national key projects 南水北调 South-to-North water diversion 西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project 西气东输 West-East

19、 natural gas transmission project 网络造谣 fabricating online rumors 恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止服务 closure/shutdown of service 公司歇业 closure of business 道路封闭road closure 人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes 生态系统 ecosystem 森林生态系统forest ecosystem 海洋生态系统marine ecosystem 垄断价格 to

20、monopolize the price垄断市场 to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions 汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas 车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates 牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system 黑名单制度 a blacklist system 执业医师 pra

21、cticing physician； licensed doctors 二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards 防伪技术 anti-forgery technology 非法交易 illegal transaction 冒名顶替 identification fraud 洗钱 money laundering 挂失 to report the loss 补办 to re-apply/post-register 户籍 household registration 居住证 residence permit 山洪暴发flash floods 水位 water level 低洼地区

22、 low-lying areas 淹没农田 to inundate crops 大桥坍塌 bridge collapse 最严重受灾地区 worst-hit/worst-stricken area 直接经济损失direct economic loss 应急系统 emergency response system 闯红灯 running red light 遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates 扣分处罚point penalty 酒驾 drunk driving 终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving用流利英文介绍中国传统元

23、宵节： Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11.战国：Warring States12.风水：Fengshui/Geomantic O

24、men13.铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14.函授部：The Correspondence Department15.集体舞：Group Dance16.黄土高原：Loess Plateau17.红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18.中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19.结婚证：Marriage Certificate20.儒家文化：Confucian Culture21.附属学校：Affiliated school22.古装片：Costume Drama23.武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24.元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dum

25、pling (Soup)25.一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26.火锅：Hot Pot27.四人帮：Gang of Four28.诗经：The Book of Songs29.素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30.史记：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31.大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32.西游记：The Journey to the West33.除夕：Chinese New Years Eve/Eve of

26、 the Spring Festival34.针灸：Acupuncture35.唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36.中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37.偏旁：radical38.孟子：Mencius39.亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic40.大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41

27、.火药：gunpowder42.农历：Lunar Calendar43.印/玺：Seal/Stamp44.物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45.京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46.秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47.太极拳：Tai Chi48.独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49.天坛：Altar ofHeaven in Beijing50.小吃摊：Snack Bar/Sna

28、ck Stand51.红双喜：Double Happiness52.政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53.春卷：Spring Roll(s)54.莲藕：Lotus Root55.追星族：Star Struck56.故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57.相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58.下岗：Lay off/Laid off59.北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60.高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61.烟花爆竹：fire

29、works and firecracker62.敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63.电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64.香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65.文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66.长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67.门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68.水浒：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69.中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70.文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：The

30、 Four Treasure of the Study Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone71.兵马俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army72.旗袍：cheongsam京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfu太极Tai Chi口技 ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏 shadowplay折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancien