北京市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题含答案.docx

1、北京市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题含答案北京市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Demand for the Chinese tech companys devices(设备) is red hot even though the countrys overall market for smartphones is getting smaller Huaweis China sales rocketed more than 20% in the final quarter of 2018, and experts say thats partly due

2、 to the US governments global campaign against the company. “The latest tension between the US and China raised the patriotism(爱国主义) in Chinese consumers, said Jusy Hong, an analyst at research firm IHS Markit. He pointed out that some Chinese companies encouraged employees to buy Huawei phones late

3、 last year. The moves were a gesture of support after the firms chief financial officer was arrested in Canada in early December at the request of the United States. Huaweis booming sales show how major parts of its business continue to increase even as the United States tries to persuade other coun

4、tries to shut Huawei products out of 5G wireless networks and pursues(追究) criminal charges against it. The company expects to overtake Samsung as the worlds biggest smartphone maker by next year. Huawei sold 30 million phones in China in the last three months of 2018, nearly three times as many as A

5、pple(AAPL), according to data published this week by research firms Canalys and IDC. Apples sales plunged almost 20%. Huaweis success in China, the worlds largest smartphone market, is more than about geopolitics(地缘政治). Chinese consumers love its flagship, high -end- phones because they have great c

6、ameras, cutting edge technology and cost less than the latest iPhones, according to analysts. And by offering a selection of cheaper phones, Huawei is able to target a bigger market. It also benefited from the troubles this year at ZTE (ZTCOF), a rival Chinese smartphone and telecommunications equip

7、ment maker. ZTE was banned by the US government from buying vital American parts for months last year.（1）Why did Huaweis China sales increase greatly according to the article? A.Because the companys devices are always popular worldwide.B.Because Chinese consumers patriotism was aroused.C.Because the

8、 government encourages people to buy Huawei devices.D.Because the countrys overall market for smartphones is getting bigger.（2）What can we conclude from the third paragraph? A.Huaweis chief financial officer was arrested in Canada due to the USs request.B.All Chinese companies showed their support t

9、o Huawei with their purchase.C.Jusy Hong thought the United States arrested Huaweis chief financial officer.D.Jusy Hong thought the arrest of Huaweis chief financial officer is unfair.（3）How do you understand the underlined word in the fifth paragraph? A.increased greatly by.B.reduced greatly to.C.d

10、ropped greatly by.D.remained steady.（4）Why is Huaweis success in China more than about geopolitics? A.Because Huawei has the largest smartphone market in the world.B.Because Huaweis success is only limited within China mainland.C.Because Huawei has the ability to target a bigger market in the world.

11、D.Because Chinese consumers are quite satisfied with Huawei smartphones.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的The latest tension between the US and China raised the patriotism(爱国主义) in Chinese consumers, 可知中国消费者的爱国主义被唤起，华为在中国的销售量大增。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的

12、“The moves were a gesture of support after the firms chief financial officer was arrested in Canada in early December at the request of the United States. ”可知华为的首席财务官因美国的要求在加拿大被捕。 故选A。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据上文可知华为手机销量大增而苹果手机销量大跌，故推测此处“plunged”意为销量下降。故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Chinese consumers love its flagship

13、, high-end phones because they have great cameras, cutting edge technology and cost less than the latest iPhones, according to analysts. ”可知中国消费者对华为的智能手机很满意。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 An experimental cleanup device called RemoveDEBRIS has suc

14、cessfully cast a net around a dummy (仿真的) satellite, imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage. The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early s

15、tep toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space. Millions of pieces of junk are turning around in orbit the result of 50 years of space travel and few regulations to keep space clean. At orbital speeds, even a small bit of paint crashing with a satellite can cause critical d

16、amage. Various companies have plans to send thousands of new satellites into low-Earth orbit, already the most crowded area. The RemoveDEBRIS experiment is run by a company and researchers led by the U. K.s Surrey Space Center and includes Airbus, Airbus-owned Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. and Fr

17、ances ArianeGroup. Guglielmo Aglietti, the director of Surrey Space Center, said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead sat

18、ellites up to 10 meters long. The RemoveDEBRIS satellite will conduct a few more experiments in the coming months, including testing navigation features that could help guide the satellite to a specific piece of debris.Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrop

19、hysics, said the success of this weeks experiment was exciting, but he cautioned against over- publicizing it. There are still enormous barriers to clear before operational cleanup tasks are underway, he said, and the most discouraging is figuring out how to fund such projects. Aglietti, the Surrey

20、professor who helped lead the RemoveDEBRIS project, said The challenge will lie in persuading the relevant authorities to sponsor these tasks. Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.（1）What is the

21、 use of the RemoveDEBRIS satellite? A.Demonstrating space technology.B.Imitating a developing technique.C.Collecting wastes existing in space.D.Symbolizing great progress in space.（2）How does the RemoveDEBRlS satellite work? A.By throwing a net to take the junk from orbit.B.By fastening it to the ma

22、in satellite tightly.C.By dragging satellites up to 10 meters long.D.By targeting large pieces of junk carefully.（3）What does the underlined word sponsor in the last paragraph probably mean? A.Accomplish.B.Support.C.Oppose.D.Provide.（4）Whats the best title for the text? A.The RemoveDEBRIS Project Is

23、 PerfectB.How RemoveDEBRIS Is Invented in the LabC.Why the RemoveDEBRIS Satellite Is InventedD.Satellite Collects Space Junk for the First Time【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“卫星首次收集太空垃圾。”一种名为“清除碎片”的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中“.,imitating a technique that cou

24、ld one day collect spaceborne garbage.”模仿一种有一天可以收集太空垃圾的技术。可知，the RemoveDEBRIS卫星的用途是收集太空中存在的废物。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“.,said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could targ

25、et large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.“该公司表示，一种操作性版本的RemoveDEBRlS技术将会在主卫星上撒网，这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道。它可以瞄准大块的垃圾，包括长达10米的报废卫星。”可知，RemoveDEBRlS卫星是通过撒网把垃圾带离轨道。故选A。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的”Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the larg

26、est pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.“Aglietti说，他希望清理碎片的工作每年能进行几次，目标是最拥挤轨道上最大的垃圾碎片。可知，“挑战在于说服有关当局赞助这些任务。”可知，划线词的意思是“支持”。故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的”The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN

27、. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.“专家告诉CNN，本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。可知，本文主题是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾”。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 It seem

28、s every major city and town around the world hosts an annual marathon, with thousands of athletes running a gruelling 42.1 kilometres. While many runners motivation is to beat their personal best and cross the finishing line without collapsing, theyre also doing it for a good causeto generate funds

29、for charity. But like other major events, the marathon also generates a massive carbon footprint. Thousands travel some by planeto the location, and waste from food packaging and goody bags gets left behind by spectators and runners. This is becoming a big issue for citieshow to host a worthwhile ev

30、ent, encouraging people to exercise and help charities, while protecting the environment? Several cities have developed formal plans to reduce their environmental impact and promote sustainable (可持续的) ideas. One event in Wales, for example, introduced recycling for old running kit. Its something tha

31、t this years London Marathon tried to tackle by reducing the number of drink stations on the running route, giving out water in paper cups and offering some drinks in eatable seaweed capsules. They also trialled new bottle belts made from recycled plastic so 700 runners could carry water bottles with them during their run. London Marathon event director Hugh Brasner told the BBC: There are a lot of initiatives (倡议) we are using this year that we think will lead to some huge behavioural changes in