英语论文范文附带标注详解Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 2014年5月17日答辩委员会主席（签名）： 评阅人（签名）：二一四年五月十日Abstract：Ever since human being emerged on this planet, they have been in conflicts with nature. The history of the development of human civilization is also that of mans increasing destruction of nature. As a result of science and technology revolution, human

2、s gradually master the great technology and have power to put an end to all poverty, but they also possess the power to destroy the world, leaving it uninhabitable and lifeless. Although human being has created enormous wealth,butthese are achieved at the cost to their living environment. The past s

3、everal decades have witnessed such great changes in the environment that various problems and disasters appeared one by one. Ecological crisis, such as soaring population, unbalanced ecological system and natural resource shortage, continues to pose great threat to the humanbeings survival and devel

4、opment. The notion that people are blessed with an abundance of resources has led to the misuse and abuse of the resource. This paper aims at expounding the alerting functionsof movies in politics, economy and culture by describing the ecological crisis in the films 2012, The Day after TomorrowandJa

5、pan sinks.Key Words: conflicts, ecological crisis, films, alerting functions摘 要：自人类出现始，人类就与自然处在相互冲突之中。人类发展的文明史同样记载了人类破坏自然的历史。随着新科技革命的产生，人类逐渐掌握了强大的科技和力量，这些力量足以阻止人类一切的贫穷，同时，也会毁灭世界，使其变成一个无法居住的不毛之地。尽管人类创造了前所未有的财富，与此同时，人类的生存环境也为此做出了很大的牺牲。过去的几十年见证了地球环境的巨大变化，各种各样的问题和灾难接踵而至。生态危机，如人口激增、生态失调、自然资源短缺等已对人类的生存和发展

6、造成了很大的威胁。有人认为人类拥有了富足的资源，这种想法导致了人类对资源的误用和滥用。因此，这篇论文旨在通过对电影2012后天日本沉没中生态危机的描述，阐释生态危机在经济上，政治上和文化上的警示作用。其中，三部电影所反映出来的生态危机都能在人类历史中找到痕迹。因此，这篇论文将收集有关数据，为电影中核泄露、风、地震提供佐证。关键词：冲突 生态危机 电影 警示作用CONTENTSIntroductionEver since human beings have set foot on this planet, their lives and development are tightly bound

7、 by their living environment. Today, there is a growing awareness that the peace of the world is not only threatened by armed force, regional conflicts, and continual disputes among nations and races, but also caused by lacking the sense of ecological protection. The ecological crisis in the world h

8、as already started, and having a great effect on every country. The ecological crisis in the world is caused by many things, an increasing population, and overconsumption of natural resources, deforestation of the rain forests, fossil fuel use, and garbage created by humans. As counter attack, a ser

9、ies of severe environmental disasters brought mass misery to people. For example, the nuclear leaking of Chernobyl was considered“the worst nuclear power plant accident in history, and is one of only two classified as a level 7 event on the International Nuclear Event Scale”1“Hurricane Katrina of th

10、e 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest natural disaster, as well as one of the five deadliest hurricanes, in the history of the United States.”2 Men depend heavily upon nature in all rounds. However, they are likely to ignore Ecological Crisis“There is no doubt today that a major dimensi

11、on of the present multidimensional crisis, which extends to the economic, political, cultural and general social level, is the ecological crisis, namely the crisis which concerns not the relations between social individuals, as the other dimensions of the crisis, but our interaction, as social indiv

12、iduals, with the environment.”32.1 EcologyThe word “ecology” was originated from ancient Greek word “okios” and “logos”, created by Greek philosopher Theophrastus （371BC-287BC）. “Okios means home, not just habitation, but all living places.”4 “Ecology （from Greek: , house; -, study of） is the scient

13、ific study of the relation of living organisms to each other and their surroundings.”5The study of ecology usually aims to study where people live, which includes geology, plants, animals, water and how all these things interact with each other. Humans have been students of ecology as long as human

14、beings have existed asspecie. The earliest hunters and gatherers had to know the habits of their animal prey and where to find food and plants. The future of their own species depends on how well people understand the relationship between organisms and the environment.2.2Ecological crisis“An ecologi

15、cal crisis occurs when the environment of a species or a population changes in a way that destabilizes its continued survival.”6More specifically, ecological crisis means environmental crisis.As Barry moner put it：The environmental crisis is a sign that the finely sculptured fit between life and its

16、 surroundings has begun to corrode. As the links between one living thing and another, and between all of them and their surroundings, begin to break down, the dynamic interactions that sustain the whole have begun to falter and, in some places, stop.72.2.1 Causes of ecological crisisAs John Bellamy

17、 Foster put it in The Ecological Revolution, “The roots of the present ecological crisis, lies in capitals rapacious expansion, which has now achieved unprecedented heights of irrationality across the globe”8（1）: It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest.11我从来没想过她会这么不老实。（2）: How is it with t

18、he sick man? 12那个病人怎么样了？ Badly polluted air can harm crops and cause life-threatening illnesses. Modern chemical farming is very productive but contaminates groundwater with nitrate and wildlife and people with pesticides. Such polluted water threats 2.3 Historical scientific data of some accidentsE

19、cological crisis have increased in severity over the past decades, causing economic 2.3.1The Leakiness in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station of the Former Soviet UnionThe Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station is a large station made up with 4 sets, each 2.3.2 The 2005 Hurricane KatrinaOn August 28, 2005,

20、 Hurricane Katrina landed on New Orleans of Louisiana2.3.3 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunamiOn Friday, 11 March 2011, a magnitude 9.0 （Mw） undersea mega brought Ecological Crisis in the Films of 2012, The Day After Tomorrow, and Japan Sinks The Alerting Functions of Ecological Crisis ConclusionThe

21、paper has shown the crisis in the film of 2012, The Day after Tomorrow, Japan Sinks, mainly focused on the crisis such as earthquake, tsunami, and hurricane and volcano eruption. In addition, three famous disasters, the leakiness in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station in 1986,the 2005 Hurricane Katr

22、ina in New Orleans, USA, and the catastrophic earthquake in Japan, in March 2011, ever took place in history have been introduced into this paper. By analyzing the disasters of three films, a relation of ecological crisis between the film and the real accidents is easily to be found. The paper has a

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24、eminist Perspective. Xian University of Posts and Telemunications. 2010（2）: 6. （一位作者撰写的期刊文章）3.Frances E. et al. Professing Literature:An Institutional History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987: 128. （多位作者写的书籍）4.Glover, David. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of：Masculinity, Femininity, and

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30、版.台北： 15. （一位作者写的书籍，新版或者第几版）20.X筑生. 微分半动力系统的不变集. ：大学数学系数学研究所, 1983: 2. （学位论文）21.中华图书信息学教育学会编.XXX图书信息学系现况暨教育文献书目.台北： 13-18. （团体作者写的书籍）22.english.mep.gov./News_service/news_release/201105/t20110526_211221.htmBibliographyCollege position and munication 40，1989. （两位作者撰写的期刊文章）2.Cao Qian.An Interpretation of A Rose for Emily From a Feminist Perspective. Xian University of Posts and Telemunications. 2010（2）. （一位作者撰写的期刊文章） University of Chicago Press, 1987. （多位作者写的书籍）4.Glover, D